Good dispersion of hydrophilic nanoscale calcium carbonate particles in nitrile butadiene rubber matrix

Using the industrial technologies of rubber latex irradiation, hydrophilic nanoscale calcium carbonate (HNCC) slurry preparing and spray drying, we have prepared a novel ultrafine full-vulcanized powder nitrile butadiene rubber (UFPNBR)/HNCC nanocompound, in which the UFPNBR particles and HNCC particles are isolated and adhered to each other. When the UFPNBR/HNCC nanocompound powder is mixed with crude NBR, UFPNBR particles are easily dispersed well in NBR matrix because of their good compatibility, thus the HNCC particles are also dispersed in NBR matrix because of the carrier aidance of UFPNBR particles in 7 phr HNCC loading range, then the novel NBR/UFPNBR/HNCC ternary nanocomposites is fabricated. Compared with NBR/organic reagent-treated HNCC (ONCC) binary composites, the NBR/UFPNBR/HNCC ternary nanocomposites has shorter vulcanization time and better properties of abrasive resistance, oil resistance, dynamic compression properties and flame retardancy in fire.     

蓖麻油基热稳定剂制备及其在聚氯乙烯制品中的作用行为研究

将蓖麻油酸与马来酸酐、六氢苯酐分别制备了2种蓖麻油基二元酸,并合成出相应的新型蓖麻油基钙/锌(Ca/Zn)盐。通过刚果红法、电导率法和热重分析等方法研究了蓖麻油基Ca/Zn盐与传统的石油基异辛酸Ca/Zn盐分别在聚氯乙烯制品中的热稳定性能。结果表明,改性蓖麻油基二元酸锌不易“锌烧”,锌离子含量为2 %时,静态热稳定时间分别为9.8、9.2 min,异辛酸钙/蓖麻油基二元酸锌盐之间协同效应较为显著,且热稳定效果随Ca/Zn离子含量比的变化而变化。     

钙盐调凝剂对硅酸盐水泥水化性能的影响

本文研究了硫酸钙和氯化钙两种钙盐在不同的掺量下对硅酸盐水泥水化性能的影响,试验发现随着两种钙盐掺量的增大,水泥标准稠度值呈现先减小后增大的趋势,且氯化钙的流动度保持效果没有硫酸钙好,但是氯化钙对水泥强度的发展贡献更大,而掺硫酸钙随着掺量达到2‰后,28 d强度出现倒缩.     

超临界水中氧化钙催化泥炭制氢

使用间歇式超临界水反应器,以氧化钙作为催化剂和CO_2化学固定剂,详细考察了Ca/C摩尔比、反应温度、停留时间、压力等条件对泥炭在超临界水中转化制氢的影响。在873 K,Ca/C比为0.61时,CO_2几乎被完全固定,在气相产物中只有氢气、甲烷和低碳烃,碳转化率由未添加CaO时的66.6％提高到82.4％,氢气的产率由2.2 mmol·g~(-1)提高到6.9 mmol·g~(-1)。当反应温度由773 K提高到923 K时,泥炭的裂解反应加剧,气体产物的收率由5.5 mmol·g~(-1)提高到19.5 mmol·g~(-1),但是氢气所占比例由55.4％下降到34.8％。与温度相比,压力和在终温停留时间的影响相对较小。     

电化学方法制备生物活性陶瓷

生物活性陶瓷因其优良的生物相容性,广泛应用于临床医学领域。电化学方法开创制备生物活性磷酸钙陶瓷新途径,由于操作简单、条件可控等多方面的优点日益引起重视。介绍了电化学方法制备生物活性磷酸钙陶瓷的原理、工艺进展;讨论了电化学制备方法的特点、影响因素和发展前景。     

生理模拟液中的磷酸钙微晶玻璃的表面变化

应用玻璃结晶法制备了以磷酸钙为主体的多孔微晶玻璃载体材料。在一定的条件下对该药物载体材料进行了生理模拟液的浸泡实验,并用Fourier红外光谱和扫描电镜对其表面进行了表征分析。试验结果表明：经模拟液浸泡后,在材料的表面沉积了一定量的类骨磷灰石(碳酸羟基磷灰石),其形貌为球状颗粒,并证实了载体材料的粗糙表面有利于碳酸羟基磷灰石晶体的形成。研究结果有助于分析碳酸羟基磷灰石的形成机理及了解磷酸钙微晶玻璃载体材料在体内的骨诱导机理。     

Design of tailored biodegradable implants: The effect of voltage on electrodeposited calcium phosphate coatings on pure magnesium

Magnesium, as a biodegradable metal, offers great potential for use as a temporary implant material, which dissolves in the course of bone tissue healing. It can sufficiently support the bone and promote the bone healing process. However, the corrosion resistance of magnesium implants must be enhanced before its application in clinical practice. A promising approach of enhancing the corrosion resistance is deposition of bioactive coating, which can reduce the corrosion rate of the implants and promote bone healing. Therefore, a well-designed substrate-coating system allowing a good control of the degradation behavior is highly desirable for tailored implants for specific groups of patients with particular needs. In this contribution, the influence of coating formation conditions on the characteristics of potentiostatically electrodeposited CaP coatings on magnesium substrate was evaluated. Results showed that potential variation led to formation of coatings with the same chemical composition, but very different morphologies. Parameters that mostly influence the coating performance, such as the thickness, uniformity, deposits size, and orientation, varied from produced coating to coating. These characteristics of CaP coatings on magnesium were controlled by coating formation potential, and it was demonstrated that the electrodeposition could be a promising coating technique for production of tailored magnesium-CaP implants.     

球形碳酸钙的控制合成研究

以硼酸为控制剂,氯化钙和碳酸钠为原料,采用共沉淀法制备了方解石型碳酸钙球形晶体。研究了控制剂浓度、反应温度、反应时间、反应物浓度等因素对碳酸钙粒径和形貌的影响。结果表明：在硼酸浓度为0.4 mol/L、氯化钙浓度为0.1 mol/L、20 ℃饱和碳酸钠溶液滴速为4.9 mL/min、反应时间为60 min、陈化时间为60 min、反应温度为50 ℃、氯化钙与碳酸钠物质的量比为1∶1条件下,制备的球形碳酸钙颗粒大小均匀,平均粒径为1.57 μm。     

高纯天然石膏水热法制备硫酸钙晶须研究

以高纯天然石膏为原料，加压水热法制备高品质硫酸钙晶须。采用常规分析方法、XRD和扫描电镜等手段分析和表征石膏原料和硫酸钙晶须产品。结果表明，制备硫酸钙晶须的最优条件为：料浆质量分数为6.0%，转晶剂氯化镁加入量为石膏质量的0.05%，硫酸加入量为水体积的1.0%，反应时间为4.0 h，快速过滤干燥即得硫酸钙晶须产品。分析结果表明：硫酸钙晶须长度最大为280.4 μm，最小为19.59 μm，平均长度为80 μm；硫酸钙晶须直径最大为5.86 μm，最小为0.20 μm，平均直径为2.67 μm；通过统计分析可知，长径比范围为10～80。