Alkaline treatment kinetics of calcium phosphate by piezoelectric quartz crystal impedance

Calcium phosphate film was prepared by electrochemical deposition technology. Subsequently, the alkaline treatment process of calcium phosphate film in 0.1 mol/L NaOH solution was monitored on real time by the piezoelectric quartz crystal impedance (PQCI) technique. The variations of morphology and composition for the alkaline treatment products were characterized by scanning electron microscopy (SEM), Fourier transform infrared (FT-IR) and X-ray diffraction (XRD), respectively. The dynamic variations of calcium phosphate can be characterized by the change of equivalent circuit parameters. The results show that the forming process of hydroxyapatite (HA) is composed of three stages: (1) acidic calcium phosphate dissolution; (2) phase transformation; and (3) HA formation. Furthermore, the correlative kinetic equations and parameters are obtained by fitting the static capacitance (C _s)—time curves. Foundation item: Project(2005CB623901) supported by the Major State Basic Research and Development Program of China     

熟料粒度对骨粉/磷酸钙生物骨水泥结构与性能的影响

采用新方法首次将动物骨中的鱼骨引入到磷酸三钙和磷酸氢钙等原料体系中通过高温烧结制备磷酸钙基生物骨水泥（CPC）,以柠檬酸和柠檬酸钠的缓冲液为固化液、按一定的液固比制备固化试样,通过扫描电子显微分析（SEM）和力学性能测试等方法,研究了熟料粒度对其固化试样结构与抗压强度的影响.结果表明：制备过程中骨水泥粉末的粒度对其固化试样的微观结构及其抗压强度有着较为显著的影响,通过调整骨水泥粉末的粒度可达到优化其固化试样的微观结构和改善其力学性能的目的.     

硫酸钙晶须的制备及其在聚丙烯树脂中的应用

论述晶须及硫酸钙晶须的特性.以生石膏为原料,采用水热合成法,研究反应温度、反应时间、料浆浓度、Ca/Mg摩尔比等工艺条件对晶须形态的影响.在反应温度150℃、反应时间5 h、料浆质量分数为4%、n（Ca）/n（Mg）为10条件下,制备出了直径为1-5μm、长度为30-100μm的硫酸钙晶须.X-射线衍射分析表明,产品为无水硫酸钙晶须;同时对硫酸钙晶须的应用进行初步研究.根据实验结果,当晶须的填充量为5%时,聚丙烯的力学性能最佳,拉伸强度为39.18 MPa,断裂伸长率为125.41%.     

高炉法钙镁磷肥探料尺自动跟踪探料技术改造

针对钙镁磷肥生产中高炉探料存在的问题 ,对原自动探料装置的电气控制回路及跟踪装置进行改造 ,增加了探料跟踪最大极限位置 ,获得成功。改造后的自动跟踪探料尺 ,动作准确可靠 ,运行稳定 ,效率高 ,节能降耗 ,直接经济效益每年约 2 5万元 ,提高台时产量间接经济效益每年可达 4 0万元     

高碱值烷基苯磺酸钙的制备研究

以烷基苯磺酸、氢氧化钙、氧化钙和二氧化碳为原料,甲苯为溶剂,甲醇为促进剂,制备高碱值烷基苯磺酸钙,考查了原料配比、反应时间等对产品投入产出比和总碱值的影响,结果表明,合成工艺的最佳条件为:氧化钙和氢氧化钙与烷基苯磺酸的摩尔比为2.5∶1,氧化钙和氢氧化钙的摩尔比为1∶10,促进剂甲醇的用量为2.2 mol,中和反应时间为0.5 h,水加入量为8.4 mol,二氧化碳导入速率为100 mL/m in,二氧化碳导入量为1 mol。产品投入产出比大于70,总碱值接近400。     

Synthesis and characterization of poly(urethane‐ester)s based on calcium salt of mono(hydroxybutyl)phthalate

Calcium‐containing poly(urethane‐ester)s (PUEs) were prepared by reacting diisocyanate (HMDI or TDI) with a mixture of calcium salt of mono(hydroxybutyl)phthalate [Ca(HBP)₂] and hydroxyl‐terminated poly(1,4‐butylene glutarate) [HTPBG₁₀₀₀], using di‐n‐butyltin‐dilaurate as catalyst. About six calcium‐containing PUEs having different composition were synthesized by taking the mole ratio of Ca(HBP)₂:HTPBG₁₀₀₀:diisocyanate (HMDI or TDI) as 3:1:4, 2:2:4, and 1:3:4. Two blank PUEs were synthesized by the reaction of HTPBG₁₀₀₀ with diisocyanate (HMDI or TDI). The polymers were characterized by IR, ¹H NMR, Solid state ¹³C‐CP‐MAS NMR, TGA, DSC, XRD, solubility, and viscosity studies. The T_g value of PUEs increases with increase in the calcium content and decreases with increase in soft segment content. The viscosity of the calcium‐containing PUEs increases with increase in the soft segment content and decreases with increase in the calcium content. X‐ray diffraction patterns of the polymers show that the HMDI‐based polymers are partially crystalline and TDI‐based polymers are amorphous in nature. The dynamic mechanical analysis of the calcium‐containing PUEs based on HMDI shows that with increase in the calcium content of polymer, modulus (g′ and g″) increases at any given temperature. © 2006 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci 100: 1720–1727, 2006     

Kinetics of Slag Hydration in the Presence of Calcium Hydroxide

The reaction between ground granulated blast furnace slag (GGBFS) having an empirical formula of C_7.88S_7.39M₃A and calcium hydroxide (CH) was investigated. The kinetics of the reaction were explored. Thermogravimetric analysis was used to monitor the consumption of CH from which rate constants were determined. Based on Knudsen's kinetic model, activation energies of 14.5, 17.9, and 22.6 kJ/mol were determined for three different mass ratios of slag and CH reacted over a temperature range of 15° to 50°C and hydrated for a period of time from 0 to 32 days. A comparison of the kinetics of the slag/CH reaction was made with slag/portland cement hydration. The basic features of both appear similar.     

粉煤灰水泥基材料的水化产物

用热重仪-差示扫描量热仪、扫描电子显微镜、透射电子显微镜、X射线能量散射、高分辩电子显微镜、压汞仪,测定了粉煤灰水泥基材料水化产物的形貌特征、微观结构、化学组成及水泥石的孔结构,讨论了水化产物性质及水泥石孔结构随粉煤灰掺量的变化规律。结果表明：粉煤灰的大量掺加,可以改善凝胶的化学组成。水化后期,粉煤灰与Ca(OH)2及由熟料水化生成的高n(Ca)／n(Si)的水化硅酸钙(C—S—H)凝胶发生二次水化反应,生成低n(Ca)／n(Si)的C—S—H凝胶,此种凝胶的固碱能力强,可减少碱-集料反应的危害性。同时,二次水化产物能够填充那些对水泥石强度和耐久性极为不利的孔隙空洞,使水泥石的结构更加致密,优化水泥石的孔结构,对提高水泥基材料的耐久性作用极大,为进一步提高工业废渣利用的技术水平奠定了基础。     

Effect of calcium aluminate cement variety on the hydration of portland cement in blended system

Two kinds of CACs with different monocalcium aluminate（CA） contents were used in the PC/CAC（PAC） mixtures. Effects of CA and CACs on the properties of PAC were analyzed by setting times and the compressive strength tests, and also by means of calorimetry, XRD, DTA-TG and ESEM. The experimental results show that the compressive strength of the PAC mortars decreases with increasing content of CAC while it declines sharply with a higher content of CA in CAC. Compared with neat PC paste, the content of calcium hydroxide in hydrates of PAC paste decreases significantly, and the hydration time of PC is prominently prolonged. Additionally, the higher the content of CA in CAC, the more obviously the hydration of PC is delayed, confi rming that the CA phase in CAC plays an important role in the delay of PC hydration.     

Synthesis of calcium silicate hydrate based on steel slag with various alkalinities

This study aimed to improve the hydraulic potential properties of the slag. Therefore, a method of dynamic hydrothermal synthesis was applied to synthesize calcium silicate hydrate. The phases and nanostructures were characterized by XRD, FTIR, TEM, and BET nitrogen adsorption. The infl uence of alkalinity of steel slag on its structures and properties was discussed. The experimental results show that, the main product is amorphous calcium silicate hydrate gel with fl occulent or fi brous pattern with a BET specifi c surface area up to 77 m2/g and pore volume of 0.34 mL/g. Compared with low alkalinity steel slag, calcium silicate hydrate synthesized from higher alkalinity steel slag is prone to transform to tobermorite structure.