活性轻质碳酸钙的制备及其在PVC-U型材中的应用

研究了轻质碳酸钙的活化处理工艺，对其用于PVC型材的加工工艺进行了简述．经过活化处理的轻质碳酸钙，可显著提高PVC轻钙复合材料的填充用量及改善材料的物理性能。     

塔板上CaCO3结垢速率

在100 mm塔径的筛板塔内,采用加速结垢的方法研究了Ca(OH)2-H2O-CO2-Air体系内4种不同材质的塔板表面上CaCO3的结垢行为,考察了液相浓度、温度、CO2浓度、F因子、时间及材质对结垢速率的影响. 结果表明,塔板上的CaCO3结垢为方解石晶形. 结垢过程可大致分为3个阶段：起始阶段、过渡阶段、稳定阶段. 各因素对结垢速率影响可拟合成方程u=Ae-E/(RT)ca1cb2qcv,lqdv,gte,但第三阶段中t不出现. 实验条件下,CaCO3在筛板上结垢的活化能变化范围为8.01~28.4 kJ/mol,结垢第三阶段的活化能最大,第一阶段最小,整个过程由扩散控制.     

Treatment of Critical Size Femoral Bone Defects with Biomimetic Hybrid Scaffolds of 3D Plotted Calcium Phosphate Cement and Mineralized Collagen Matrix

To treat critical-size bone defects, composite materials and tissue-engineered bone grafts play important roles in bone repair materials. The purpose of this study was to investigate the bone regenerative potential of hybrid scaffolds consisting of macroporous calcium phosphate cement (CPC) and microporous mineralized collagen matrix (MCM). Hybrid scaffolds were synthetized by 3D plotting CPC and then filling with MCM (MCM-CPC group) and implanted into a 5 mm critical size femoral defect in rats. Defects left empty (control group) as well as defects treated with scaffolds made of CPC only (CPC group) and MCM only (MCM group) served as controls. Eight weeks after surgery, micro-computed tomography scans and histological analysis were performed to analyze the newly formed bone, the degree of defect healing and the activity of osteoclasts. Mechanical stability was tested by 3-point-bending of the explanted femora. Compared with the other groups, more newly formed bone was found within MCM-CPC scaffolds. The new bone tissue had a clamp-like structure which was fully connected to the hybrid scaffolds and thereby enhanced the biomechanical strength. Together, the biomimetic hybrid MCM-CPC scaffolds enhanced bone defect healing by improved osseointegration and their differentiated degradation provides spatial effects in the process of critical-bone defect healing.     

超细重质CaCO3填充改性LLDPE/mPE薄膜的研究

采用超细重质碳酸钙(CaCO3)对LLDPE/mPE(80/20)进行改性,加入5wt% CaCO3使薄膜的落镖冲击强度提高13.2%,断裂伸长率提高约5%,拉伸强度也略有提高;碳酸钙用量为30wt%时,薄膜的撕裂强度几乎不变,落镖冲击强度下降11.0%,纵向和横向拉伸强度降低24.7%和29.4%;碳酸钙用量进一步增加,力学性能迅速下降.研究发现,在实验范围内,碳酸钙还可以降低共混树脂熔融扭矩,改善加工条件,采用TGA、SEM等分别对改性体系的热稳定性、分散状况进行了研究.     

U-PVC型材专用低吸油值纳米碳酸钙制备

采用鼓泡搅拌釜液相合成纳米碳酸钙,用电导率仪和pH计监控整个碳化过程,用TEM、BET等方法对所得纳米碳酸钙进行表征。研究表明:控制碳化反应温度在20~25℃,选择合适的总通气量以控制反应时间,添加剂的加入时间选择在碳酸钙晶核形成后,可制备出低吸油值、粒径均匀、形貌规整的纳米碳酸钙产品,适用作U-PVC型材的填充剂。     

机械力化学合成CaTiO_3纳米晶的研究

研究了采用高能球磨机混合粉磨CaO ,TiO2 的机械力化学变化过程 .发现在一定操作参数 (行星磨公转转速 30 0r/min ,自转 2 0 0r/min)条件下 ,粉磨初期 ( 2h)为无定形形成期 ,混合物颗粒粒度减小 ,晶格畸变 ,转变为无定形 ,并形成CaTiO3 晶核 ;粉磨中期 ( 2～ 10h)为晶粒生长期 ,CaTiO3 晶粒长大 ;粉磨后期 ( 10h以后 )为动态平衡期 ,晶粒生长与粉磨引起的晶粒减小处于动态平衡 ,锐钛矿型TiO2 能够转变为金红石型TiO2 ,具有较好的反应活性 .XRD ,TEM ,FT -IR研究表明 :混合粉磨CaO ,TiO2 可机械力化学合成CaTiO3 纳米晶体 ,晶粒尺寸为 2 0～ 30nm     

Good dispersion of hydrophilic nanoscale calcium carbonate particles in nitrile butadiene rubber matrix

Using the industrial technologies of rubber latex irradiation, hydrophilic nanoscale calcium carbonate (HNCC) slurry preparing and spray drying, we have prepared a novel ultrafine full-vulcanized powder nitrile butadiene rubber (UFPNBR)/HNCC nanocompound, in which the UFPNBR particles and HNCC particles are isolated and adhered to each other. When the UFPNBR/HNCC nanocompound powder is mixed with crude NBR, UFPNBR particles are easily dispersed well in NBR matrix because of their good compatibility, thus the HNCC particles are also dispersed in NBR matrix because of the carrier aidance of UFPNBR particles in 7 phr HNCC loading range, then the novel NBR/UFPNBR/HNCC ternary nanocomposites is fabricated. Compared with NBR/organic reagent-treated HNCC (ONCC) binary composites, the NBR/UFPNBR/HNCC ternary nanocomposites has shorter vulcanization time and better properties of abrasive resistance, oil resistance, dynamic compression properties and flame retardancy in fire.     

蓖麻油基热稳定剂制备及其在聚氯乙烯制品中的作用行为研究

将蓖麻油酸与马来酸酐、六氢苯酐分别制备了2种蓖麻油基二元酸,并合成出相应的新型蓖麻油基钙/锌(Ca/Zn)盐。通过刚果红法、电导率法和热重分析等方法研究了蓖麻油基Ca/Zn盐与传统的石油基异辛酸Ca/Zn盐分别在聚氯乙烯制品中的热稳定性能。结果表明,改性蓖麻油基二元酸锌不易“锌烧”,锌离子含量为2 %时,静态热稳定时间分别为9.8、9.2 min,异辛酸钙/蓖麻油基二元酸锌盐之间协同效应较为显著,且热稳定效果随Ca/Zn离子含量比的变化而变化。     

钙盐调凝剂对硅酸盐水泥水化性能的影响

本文研究了硫酸钙和氯化钙两种钙盐在不同的掺量下对硅酸盐水泥水化性能的影响,试验发现随着两种钙盐掺量的增大,水泥标准稠度值呈现先减小后增大的趋势,且氯化钙的流动度保持效果没有硫酸钙好,但是氯化钙对水泥强度的发展贡献更大,而掺硫酸钙随着掺量达到2‰后,28 d强度出现倒缩.