艾易舒注射液合并化疗治疗乳腺癌的疗效观察

目的:应用艾易舒注射液治疗乳腺癌术后患者并观察其临床疗效。方法:选择我院确诊为乳腺癌术后患者62例,随机分为治疗组(33例)和对照组(29例),治疗组应用艾易舒注射液50ml加入生理盐水250ml静脉点滴及常规化疗,对照组仅给予常规化疗,3个周期后比较两组CA153值、TSGF的变化及近期疗效、不良反应等指标的差异性。结果:治疗组CAl53及TSGF数值治疗后下降显著,阳性例数远远低于对照组;两组的近期疗效无显著差异,但治疗组的不良反应明显低于对照组。结论:艾易舒注射液在一定程度上可以预防转移和复发,具有抗癌作用。     

Oxygen-Generating Cryogels Restore T Cell Mediated Cytotoxicity in Hypoxic Tumors

Solid tumors are protected from antitumor immune responses due to their hypoxic microenvironments. Weakening hypoxia-driven immunosuppression by hyperoxic breathing of 60% oxygen has shown to be effective in unleashing antitumor immune cells against solid tumors. However, efficacy of systemic oxygenation is limited against solid tumors outside of lungs and has been associated with unwanted side effects. As a result, it is essential to develop targeted oxygenation alternatives to weaken tumor hypoxia as novel approaches to restore immune responses against cancer. Herein, injectable oxygen-generating cryogels (O₂-cryogels) to reverse tumor-induced hypoxia are reported. These macroporous biomaterials are designed to locally deliver oxygen, inhibit the expression of hypoxia-inducible genes in hypoxic melanoma cells, and reduce the accumulation of immunosuppressive extracellular adenosine. The data show that O₂-cryogels enhance T cell-mediated secretion of cytotoxic proteins, restoring the killing ability of tumor-specific cytotoxic T lymphocytes, both in vitro and in vivo. In summary, O₂-cryogels provide a unique and safe platform to supply oxygen as a coadjuvant in hypoxic tumors and have the potential to improve cancer immunotherapies.     

Nanoscale Metal‐Organic Frameworks: Synthesis,Biocompatibility, Imaging Applications,and Thermal and Dynamic Therapy of Tumors

Nanoscale metal‐organic frameworks (NMOFs) have attracted increasing attention for biomedical applications due to their large specific surface area, good biocompatibility, adjustable structures, and diverse functions. By choosing appropriate metal ions and ligands, NMOFs can be synthesized and regulated to assist the diagnosis and treatment of cancer, acting as imaging agents, drug carriers, and cancer therapeutic agents. This review summarizes the recent advances of NMOFs in synthesis, biocompatibility, imaging, and applications in cancer therapies. Among these, the term “biocompatibility” is used to outline their various biological characteristics, and it is mainly discussed from the aspects of size and surface properties of NMOFs. The imaging section mainly emphasizes the application advantages of NMOFs as imaging agents in magnetic resonance, computed tomography, and fluorescence imaging. The applications of NMOFs in four cancer therapies, including phototherapy, radiotherapy, microwave therapy, and ultrasonic therapy, are addressed, especially for thermal and dynamic therapy. Finally, the prospects and challenges of NMOFs in imaging and cancer therapies are also discussed.     

饮食营养与癌症

饮食的变化与癌症的发病率有很明显的联系,本文着重论述了饮食营养中脂肪、蛋白质、维生素、矿物质同癌症之间的关系。     

鼠神经生长因子治疗肺癌并发带状疱疹神经痛的临床观察

目的:观察鼠神经生长因子联合椎旁神经根阻滞治疗肺癌併发带状疱疹神经痛的临床疗效。方法:将40例具有典型带状疱疹神经痛表现的肺癌患者随机分为A组(实验组)和B组(对照组)各20例。治疗组给予鼠神经生长因子肌注1支每日一次+椎旁神经根阻滞每周2次;对照组给予椎旁神经阻滞每周2次。观察治疗后1周、2周疼痛指标及1月后的随访结果。结果:比较两组患者的疼痛指标及总体疗效,A组优于B组,有显著性意义P0.05。结论:鼠神经生长因子联合椎旁神经根治疗肺癌伴带状疱疹神经痛优于单纯椎旁神经阻滞治疗。     

Targeted Nanoparticle‐Mediated Gene Therapy Mimics Oncolytic Virus for Effective Melanoma Treatment

Oncolytic virus has potential applications in cancer therapy. However, its clinical application is restricted by the virus‐associated biosafety issues. Here, inspired by the key role of vesicular stomatitis virus matrix protein (VSVMP) in the oncolytic vesicular stomatitis virus (VSV) induced apoptosis, a targeted nanoparticle‐delivered neutral VSVMP gene formulation is designed to act like the VSV for cancer therapy. This VSVMP formulation consists of a CRGDKGPDC peptide modified hybrid monomethoxy poly (ethylene glycol)‐poly(d ,l ‐lactide) nanoparticles complexed with VSVMP plasmid, having good blood compatibility and tumor targeting ability. The transfection efficiency is as high as that of VSV. After intravenous administration, the VSVMP formulation can efficiently target the tumor, significantly inhibit the melanoma growth and metastasis, prolong the survival time of tumor‐bearing mice, and does not cause obvious systemic toxicity. The anticancer mechanisms involve apoptosis induction, angiogenesis inhibition and some virus‐associated signal pathways activation. This work demonstrates a VSV‐inspired nonviral gene therapy that has promising clinical applications in melanoma treatment.     

Off‐Stoichiometric Thiol‐Ene Chemistry to Dendritic Nanogel Therapeutics

A novel platform of dendritic nanogels is herein presented, capitalizing on the self‐assembly of allyl‐functional polyesters based on dendritic‐linear‐dendritic amphiphiles followed by simple cross‐linking with complementary monomeric thiols via UV initiated off‐stoichiometric thiol‐ene chemistry. The facile approach enabled multigram creation of allyl reactive nanogel precursors, in the size range of 190–295 nm, being readily available for further modifications to display a number of core functionalities while maintaining the size distribution and characteristics of the master batch. The nanogels are evaluated as carriers of a spread of chemotherapeutics by customizing the core to accommodate each individual cargo. The resulting nanogels are biocompatible, displaying diffusion controlled release of cargo, maintained therapeutic efficacy, and decreased cargo toxic side effects. Finally, the nanogels are found to successfully deliver pharmaceuticals into a 3D pancreatic spheroids tumor model.     

miR-21的高表达与乳腺癌预后关系的meta分析

目的：评价miR-21的高表达与乳腺癌预后的相关性。方法：检索PubMed,MEDLINE,EMBASE,Webofscience,维普,CNKI数据库,收集从建库至2013年9月期间关于miR-21的高表达与乳腺癌预后相关性的文献,用meta分析方法评价miR-21的高表达是否与乳腺癌的预后相关。结果：共纳入4篇文献（总计548个病例）,总生存率（OS）HR的合并值为1．61（95％CI：1．09至2．37,P〈0．05）。结论：miR-21的高表达是乳腺癌预后的一个危险因素。     

miR-21的高表达在结直肠癌预后中的meta分析

目的:评价miR-21的高表达与结直肠癌预后的相关性.方法:通过全面检索PubMed、EMBASE、Google scholar、维普、CNKI等数据库,收集关于miR-21的高表达与结直肠癌预后相关性的文献,用meta分析方法评价miR-21的高表达是否与结直肠癌的预后相关.结果:共纳入4篇文献(共783个病例),总生存率(OS)HR的合并值为1.42,95％CI:1.21至1.66,P＜0.05.结论:miR-21的高表达是结直肠癌预后的一个危险因素.