纳米硬质合金烧结技术进展

介绍了用于纳米硬质合金烧结的压力烧结、场辅助烧结、微波烧结、二步烧结等新技术，在评价各种烧结方法的基础上，以实验依据充分论证了普通真空烧结在纳米硬质合金制备中的可行性。     

新型微温差电池的设计

将纳米材料的高效温差电转化性能和IC(集成电路)制造技术的长处相结合,设计出了一种全新结构的微型温差电池,这种全新结构的微型温差电池采用以多孔氧化铝模板为载体的n型和p型纳米线阵列温差电材料构成,其独特的层状结构有效地发挥了纳米线温差电材料的高效温差电转换性能,它通过将纳米线先并联再串联的方式使微型温差电池获得极高的电压输出,微型温差电池的厚度不超过100μm。     

稀土在硬质合金球形粉末烧结体表面富集现象的观察

采用合金粉末烧结体表面观察法研究了稀土在WC-Co硬质合金中的作用机理。合金中的稀土分别以混合稀土(以La和Ce为主体成分)-Co预合金粉(简称RE-Co预合金粉)形式和La(NO3)3的丙酮溶液形式在湿磨时直接加入。用扫描电镜和能谱仪对平均粒径小于200μm的2种球形稀土硬质合金粉末(简称合金粉末)烧结体表面进行观察与分析,发现:以RE-Co预合金粉形式加入稀土时,在烧结过程中,合金中的稀土La和Ce以及杂质元素在合金粉末烧结体表面产生了明显的富集,形成了含La,Ce,S,Ca,W,C和O的复杂形式的化合物,在稀土富集物中没有检测到Co。以La(NO3)3形式加入稀土,在合金粉末烧结体表面没有检测到La。说明在合金粉末烧结体表面不存在La的富集或聚集。稀土的添加形式同时也影响合金粉末烧结体表面硬质相WC与粘结相的比例,以RE-Co预合金粉末形式加入稀土,合金粉末烧结体表面粘结相含量较少,因此,稀土的添加形式影响其在硬质合金中的作用机理。以RBCo预合金粉形式加入稀土,合金中的稀土不但具有较好的富集合金中杂质元素的作用,而且还可以阻止烧结体表面富粘结相结构的形成。     

纳米晶WC-10Co复合粉末烧结行为的研究

本文研究了机械合金化制备的纳米晶WC 10Co复合粉末的真空烧结特征 ,分析了孔隙度、显微硬度随绕结时间延长和烧结温度升高的变化规律 ,考察了一种新型抑制剂的作用。结果表明 :在 132 5℃ / 15min的烧结条件下 ,样品的相对密度达到了 98%以上 ;烧结样品的显微硬度随着烧结时间的延长和烧结温度的升高先增加后降低 ,并且在 132 5℃ / 15min的条件下其硬度为 2 2 95MPa ;新型抑制剂A既有利于晶粒长大的控制 ,同时又有利于材料致密化的进行 ,显著地提高了合金的性能。     

钢结硬质合金/碳钢界面的组织及性能研究

在烧结温度为1350℃时,采用液相烧结法将爆炸压实后的钢结硬质合金粉末复合在碳钢表面,获得了覆层材料。对界面的组织及性能进行测试,结果表明:界面过渡区的组织为珠光体,有新相M23C6、Fe3W3C生成,剪切强度为106MPa,在覆层/碳钢的界面结合处,存在有覆层的高硬度到钢基体低硬度的狭窄过渡区。     

Elastic modulus of nanocrystalline cemented carbide

The purposes of this work were to obtain the accurate elastic modulus of the nanocrystalline WC–Co cemented carbides, and to propose the mechanism for the difference of elastic modulus between the nanocrystalline and conventional polycrystalline cemented carbides. The nanocrystalline cemented carbide was prepared by spark plasma sintering (SPS) technique. The conventional polycrystalline cemented carbides were prepared by SPS and sinter-HIP techniques as references, respectively. The sintered cemented carbides were characterized by X-ray diffractometry, scanning electron microscopy and the transmission electron microscopy with precession electron diffraction technology. The elastic modulus was obtained by averaging the values measured with the continuous stiffness measurement method of the nanoindentation technology. The results show that the nanocrystalline cemented carbide has a relatively low modulus, which could be attributed to the more interface area and higher fraction ratio of the hcp cobalt phase caused by the rapid heating and cooling process during SPS.     

变压器铁芯片自动叠装硬质合金级进模设计

分析了零件制造的工艺性。详细介绍了条料排样、模具结构的优化设计及一些技术难题的处理方法。     

Atomistic Origin of the Enhanced Crystallization Speed and n‐Type Conductivity in Bi‐doped Ge‐Sb‐Te Phase‐Change Materials

Phase‐change alloys are the functional materials at the heart of an emerging digital‐storage technology. The GeTe‐Sb₂Te₃ pseudo‐binary systems, in particular the composition Ge₂Sb₂Te₅ (GST), are one of a handful of materials which meet the unique requirements of a stable amorphous phase, rapid amorphous‐to‐crystalline phase transition, and significant contrasts in optical and electrical properties between material states. The properties of GST can be optimized by doping with p‐block elements, of which Bi has interesting effects on the crystallization kinetics and electrical properties. A comprehensive simulational study of Bi‐doped GST is carried out, looking at trends in behavior and properties as a function of dopant concentration. The results reveal how Bi integrates into the host matrix, and provide insight into its enhancement of the crystallization speed. A straightforward explanation is proposed for the reversal of the charge‐carrier sign beyond a critical doping threshold. The effect of Bi on the optical properties of GST is also investigated. The microscopic insight from this study may assist in the future selection of dopants to optimize the phase‐change properties of GST, and also of other PCMs, and the general methods employed in this work should be applicable to the study of related materials, for example, doped chalcogenide glasses.     

自润滑硬质合金在不锈钢薄板拉深模中的应用研究

本文对比了Cr12、YG6硬质合金和自润滑硬质合金生产的拉深模具在拉深304不锈钢件过程中的效果,并对Cr12和YG6模具的失效形式、失效原因进行了分析。结果表明Cr12和YG6合金中的Co相和304不锈钢是金属配对副,因此导致了上述两种模具的提前报废。而自润滑硬质合金中的WC硬质相具有很强的耐磨抗咬合能力,加之自润滑合金内含有的固体润滑剂六方BN可以极大地改善加工产品与模具间的润滑情况,因此使用该材质拉深304不锈钢薄板,可以大幅提高模具的使用寿命。