热氧化温度对非平衡磁控溅射TiN镀层的影响

通过SEM和XRD法,研究不同热氧化温度下闭合场非平衡磁控溅射离子镀技术制备的TiN镀层形貌、相结构及性能的变化。结果表明:非平衡磁控溅射离子镀TiN镀层在700℃以下性能基本稳定,具有良好的热氧化性能,尽管600℃时生成少量TiO2相,但600℃之前断口形貌及组织结构保持稳定;700℃时镀层的单位质量氧化增重率迅速增加,氧化曲线出现拐点,镀层失效。     

U表面Al及Ti/Al双重镀层的电化学腐蚀行为

采用动电位极化技术和扫描电镜(SEM)对U表面Al及Ti/Al双重镀层在含50μg/gCl^－的KCl溶液中的电化学腐蚀行为进行研究。研究结果表明：U表面Al镀层和Ti/Al双重镀层的腐蚀为局部腐蚀，其腐蚀速度明显低于裸体U，能够对U表面提供较好的保护。Al镀层相对U基体为阳极性镀层，能对U基体提供牺牲性保护；Ti镀层相对U基体为阴极性镀层，对U基体的保护是基于镀层对腐蚀介质的物理屏障作用。     

Thin film getter coatings for the GSI heavy-ion synchrotron upgrade

For the future project the Facility for Antiproton and Ion Research (FAIR) at GSI, an accelerator system with a base pressure of 10⁻¹⁰ Pa is required. The low pressure is needed to reduce the charge exchange rate between the accelerated ions and the residual gas molecules and therefore to increase the ion beam lifetime. Among the different measures undertaken to upgrade the existing UHV system, the installation of non-evaporable getter (NEG)-coated dipole and quadrupole chambers is foreseen. For this purpose a licence agreement for the non-evaporable thin film getters was signed between GSI and CERN in the end of June 2005.A new dedicated magnetron sputtering facility was designed and commissioned at GSI to perform the Ti-Zr-V coating on the dipole chambers of the heavy-ion synchrotron (SIS 18).Those pipes, made from stainless steel, have an elliptical cross section, are 3 m long, and are characterised by a wall thickness of 0.3 mm and a 15° bending angle.The characterisation of the thin films produced has been carried out by Rutherford backscattering spectroscopy (RBS), energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDX) and elastic recoil detection analysis (ERDA) for the chemical composition, scanning electron microscopy (SEM) for the morphology, and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) for the activation behaviour.The coating facility, its operating mode, and the first results obtained on the NEG characterisation by means of the different techniques will be described.     

Influence of low friction coatings on the scuffing load capacity and efficiency of gears

The influence of multilayer composite surface coatings on gear scuffing load carrying capacity, gear friction coefficient and gearbox efficiency is discussed in this work.The deposition procedures of molybdenum disulphide/titanium (MoS₂/Ti) and carbon/chromium (C/Cr) composite coatings are described.Tests reported in the literature, such as Rockwell indentations, ball cratering, pin-on-disc and reciprocating wear, confirm the excellent adhesion to the substrate and the tribological performance of these coatings, suggesting they can be applied with success in heavy loaded rolling–sliding contacts, such as those found in gears.FZG gear scuffing tests were performed in order to evaluate the coatings anti-scuffing performance, which both improved very significantly in comparison to uncoated gears. These results in conjunction with the friction power intensity (FPI) scuffing criterion allowed the determination of a friction coefficient factor X_SC to include the coating influence on the friction coefficient expression.The composite coatings were also applied to the gears of a transfer gearbox and its efficiency was measured and compared at different input speeds and torques with the uncoated carburized steel gears. Significant efficiency improvement was found with the MoS₂/Ti coating.     

SiAlON–epoxy nanocomposite coatings: Corrosion and wear behavior

In this study, epoxy powder as a matrix was combined with different contents of silicon–aluminum–oxygen–nitrogen (SiAlON) nanoparticles using a planetary ball mill. Pure epoxy and nanocomposite powders were applied on the surface of plain carbon steel components by the electrostatic spraying method. Curing of the coatings was done in an oven or microwave for the appropriate time. The coating structure and morphology of the SiAlON nanoparticles were studied by scanning electron microscopy and transmission electron microscopy, respectively. The corrosion properties of the coatings were assessed by immersion, Tafel polarization, and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy tests in 3.5% NaCl solution. The results show that addition of 10 wt % SiAlON nanoparticles markedly increases the corrosion resistance of epoxy coatings. Thus, it can be inferred that the corrosion rate of these coatings is 15 to 18 times lower than that of pure epoxy samples and 8 to 11 times lower than coatings with 20 wt % SiAlON. The higher corrosion resistance of nanocomposite coatings can be attributed to the barrier properties of SiAlON nanoparticles. The tribological performance of the coatings was studied with the pin‐on‐disk test. The results of wear testing show that the samples containing 10 wt % SiAlON provide about five times more wear resistance than pure ones and about two times more than coatings with 20 wt % SiAlON. However, the coefficient of friction for nanocomposite coatings is reduced about 50% compared to the pure sample. Also, the curing process in either regime (oven or microwave) has the same effect on the corrosion and wear properties, and the coatings are completely crosslinked. © 2016 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J. Appl. Polym. Sci. 2016 , 133, 43855.     

Identification of the spinel (Cr,Al)3S4 in the internal sulfidation zone of Al-diffusion coatings

The thiospinel (Cr, Al)₃S₄ has been identified in the internal sulfidation zone of Al-diffusion coatings by electron diffraction in a transmission electron microscope. The Al/Cr ratio of this phase can vary over a rather broad range, obviously dependent on the Al/Cr ratio in the surrounding metallic matrix. The spinel can dissolve significant amounts of Ni and Mo, some Co but only traces of Ti. Increasing Al-content extents its stability to higher temperatures.     

Metallurgical characterization and determination of residual stresses of coatings formed by thermal spraying

This work presents an experimental determination of residual stresses in 35CrMo4 (Euronorm) low alloyed steel substrates with thermally sprayed coatings. Two different materials were separately deposited. The first one consisted of a blend of two superalloys: Cr-Ni steel and Cr-Mn steel, designated 55E and 65E, respectively. The second material was molybdenum. In a first part, basic characteristics of the deposited layers (metallographic analysis, hardness, and adhesion) are presented. In a second part, the determination of the residual stresses, in both substrate and thermal sprayed layers is performed using an extensometric method in combination with a simultaneous progressive electrolytic polishing. The influence of a nickel-aluminum (80:20%) bond-coat and/or a post-annealing at 850 °C in air for 1 h is studied.     

脱粘裂纹扩展诱发热障涂层陶瓷层温度场演变与烧结行为研究

目的 研究等离子喷涂热障涂层(APS-TBCs)内部脱粘裂纹尺寸对陶瓷层温度场与烧结行为的影响.方法 采用有限元模型研究不同尺寸脱粘裂纹对其上方陶瓷层温度场变化规律的影响,并通过梯度热循环试验对裂纹上方陶瓷层烧结行为进行研究,采用扫描电子显微镜(SEM)分析陶瓷层表面和断面的组织形貌,并使用图片法对裂纹上方陶瓷层不同区域的孔隙率进行分析.结果 裂纹上方陶瓷层温度变化区域的面积取决于裂纹尺寸,且最高温度始终位于裂纹中心的上方陶瓷层表面,随着裂纹宽度向两端依次递减,其对应的上方温度依次递减.在本试验条件下,随着脱粘裂纹尺寸的增加,涂层厚度方向的最高温度以线性形式增加,裂纹尺寸每增加0.5 mm,其上方陶瓷层同一位置处的温度增加约30℃,且最高温度区域随之增大.裂纹长度超过3 mm时,在脱粘裂纹热阻效应下,裂纹上方陶瓷层区域的温度升高.裂纹越长,上方陶瓷层整体温度提升越高,不仅导致陶瓷层发生相变和烧结的区域增大,还使得相变和烧结速率升高.不同梯度热循环次数下,陶瓷层表面和内部均出现了数量和长度不等的脱粘、垂直裂纹,烧结面积逐渐增大.脱粘裂纹长度为4 mm时,其最大宽度约40μm.结论 脱粘裂纹上方陶瓷层温度变化以表面最高温度处为中心向四周呈放射性递减.越靠近陶瓷层表面,层状组织信息越少,相应区域的孔隙率越小,烧结和相变程度逐渐增加,使涂层发生脱落失效的可能性进一步增加.