化学气相沉积包覆燃料颗粒ZrC涂层的模拟计算

ZrC涂层是高温气冷堆包覆燃料颗粒最具潜力的一种阻挡层材料。本文利用热力学软件HSC-Chemistry5.0对化学气相沉积ZrC涂层进行模拟计算。结果表明,化学气相沉积ZrC涂层较佳工艺参数范围如下：原料气体中C/Zr比为0.5～1.5,H₂/Ar比为0.5～1.5,沉积温度为1450～1650℃。     

化工冶金学家陈家镛

1958年中国科学院化工冶金研究所(现过程工程研究所)的创建,与建国初期的国家经济发展和国防建设的需求紧密相关。1956年陈家镛受到世界著名冶金学家叶渚沛的邀请,到正在筹建中的化工冶金研究所工作。作为国内该领域开拓者和学术带头人,陈家镛院士的学术经历是本文主线。以他带领同事们开展湿法冶金研究为案例,分析了国家重大战略需求与科学技术研究之间的关系。重点介绍了他在冶金、化工、材料等研究领域做出的重要学术贡献,以及将代表性科研成果经过中间试验应用于实际生产、解决企业所面临的技术难题的情况。藉此反映了以过程工程研究所为代表的国立科研机构,围绕国家重大战略需求开展科技攻坚的历程与成果。     

Rapid growth of angle-confined large-domain graphene bicrystals

In the chemical vapor deposition growth of large-area graphene polycrystalline thin films,the coalescence of randomly oriented graphene domains results in a high density of uncertain grain boundaries (GBs).The structures and properties of various GBs are highly dependent on the misorientation angles between the graphene domains,which can significantly affect the performance of the graphene films and impede their industrial applications.Graphene bicrystals with a specific type of GB can be synthesized via the controllable growth of graphene domains with a predefined lattice orientation.Although the bicrystal has been widely investigated for traditional bulk materials,no successful synthesis strategy has been presented for growing two-dimensional graphene bicrystals.In this study, we demonstrate a simple approach for growing well-aligned large-domain graphene bicrystals with a confined tilt angle of 30° on a facilely recrystallized single-crystal Cu (100) substrate.Control of the density of the GBs with a misorientation angle of 30° was realized via the controllable rapid growth of subcentimeter graphene domains with the assistance of a cooperative catalytic surface-passivation treatment.The large-area production of graphene bicrystals consisting of the sole specific GBs with a tunable density provides a new material platform for fundamental studies and practical applications.     

多智能方法及其融合系统在化工过程故障诊断中的应用

简要介绍了决策树、神经网络、K近邻等五种智能方法,提出了一种将这五种智能方法相融合的故障诊断系统,并将其应用在催化裂化装置上.通过对这五种智能方法及其融合系统的性能考察表明,融合策略发挥了各方法的优点,回避了它们的缺点,提升了系统的整体性能,其召回率为100%,精确度为98%.     

Crystallinity and electrical conductivity of sulfur-containing microcrystalline diamond thin film

Hydrogen sulfide (H₂S) was introduced into a microwave plasma chemical vapor deposition of microcrystalline diamond thin film. Secondary-ion mass spectroscopy showed that sulfur concentration was controlled from 2 × 10¹⁵ to 9 × 10¹⁷ cm^− 3 by controlling the H₂S/CH₄ ratio, while that of hydrogen concentration was around 5 × 10²⁰ cm^− 3 and was independent of the H₂S/CH₄ ratio. Electrical conductance increased linearly as the S concentration increased from 2 × 10¹⁵ to 3 × 10¹⁶ cm^− 3 without significant deterioration of film crystallinity, i.e., the amount of sp² phase did not increase. Non-ohmic conduction was converted to ohmic conduction when the S concentration reached 9 × 10¹⁷ cm^− 3 by increasing the H₂S/CH₄ ratio to 30,000 ppm. This modification was consistent to the formation of a graphitic phase by heavy S-doping, which was identified by Raman spectra and surface morphology.     

Chemical Processing of Nanostructured Cemented Carbide

Chemical processing is becoming a vital component in the economic development of advanced engineering materials. Our research group on chemical processing has been focussed on the development of process to produce nanophase cemented carbide. It is a much more direct route for making WC/Co than traditional processing methods, and offers the potential for lower cost production of novel materials with homogeneous nanophase microstructures and improved properties. This paper addresses the scientific and technical issues relating to the chemical processing of nanophase WC/Co composite powder and their sintering.     

表面化学改性活性炭在水处理中的应用

介绍表面化学改性活性炭研究进展,针对其特点和改性方法作了系统描述.在此基础上,对其去除水中有机物、重金属离子、亚硝酸盐等污染物质做了简要说明.     

金纳米微粒修饰几丁聚糖微胶囊新方法

制备了金-海藻酸钙-几丁聚糖微胶囊,提出了修饰用于蛋白质药物靶向传输的多糖载体-几丁聚糖的新方法,该方法通过在几丁聚糖微胶囊表面结合金的纳米微粒使微胶囊表面结构发生变化,从而改变微胶囊的性质,这种修饰方法目前未见报道.文中对制备条件进行了优化,并对金-海藻酸钙-几丁聚糖微胶囊的粒径分布进行了表征.文中选择在pH值为5时反应2 h,制得的柠檬酸体系和丙烯酸体系的金-海藻酸钙.几丁聚糖微胶囊的平均直径分别为216.686um和196.850um.     

PVC低发泡实心板挤出成型技术要点

在PVC低发泡实心板挤出成型中,控制聚合物熔体的流动和发泡是保证产品质量的关键,重点介绍了生产工艺和原理,并分析了生产中的技术要点,提出了解决的办法。