Construction of Chiral 2‐Substituted Octahydroindoles from Cyclic Ketones and Nitroolefins Bearing only One α‐Substituent

A dual catalytic system has been developed following the screening of a series of chiral primary amine catalysts and chiral phosphoric acid catalysts for the Michael addition of cyclic ketones to nitroolefins bearing only one α‐substituent. The resulting γ‐nitro ketones, which contain a substituent on the carbon connected to the nitro group, were formed in excellent yields (>80%) with high levels of stereoselectivity (up to 94:6 dr and 98% ee) when the reaction was performed in benzene at 0 °C with 10 mol% of the optimal amine/phosphoric acid combination (1:1) as a catalyst. Subsequent reduction of the nitro group followed by intramolecular reductive amination could afford optically active cis‐octahydroindole analogues bearing a non‐functional substituent at their 2‐position.

     

高效液相色谱法对β-羟基酮类衍生物的手性拆分

采用高效液相色谱法,以Chiralpak IA柱[直链淀粉-三(3,5-二甲基苯基氨基甲酸酯)]为手性固定相对新合成的7个含4-取代苯基4-羟基-丁-2-酮类衍生物对映体进行了手性拆分。通过考察不同流动相体系,优化了对映体色谱分离条件,同时初步探讨了在手性识别过程中流动相组成和极性对于对映体拆分和保留的影响。     

手性聚苯胺改性硅藻土复合材料的制备

在樟脑磺酸的手性诱导作用下,在硅藻土表面原位聚合苯胺得到手性聚苯胺改性硅藻土复合材料,利用红外吸收光谱(FTIR)和扫描电子显微镜(SEM)对复合材料的结构进行表征,表明苯胺在硅藻土表面进行了原位聚合,聚合产物呈现纳米棒状态。通过测试复合材料的循环伏安特性曲线(CV)表征材料的电化学性能,对比了在不同手性聚苯胺/硅藻土配比以及不同时间条件下改性材料的性能差异。结果表明:随着苯胺聚合量的增大以及反应时间的增加,复合材料的电化学性能会呈现先增大后减小的趋势。     

Optical resolution of racemic amino acid derivatives with chiral polyamides bearing glutamyl residue as a diacid component

Novel chiral polyamides with chiral environment in their main chains were obtained from aromatic diamine, 4,4′‐diaminodiphenylmethane (DADPM), and the D ‐isomer or the L ‐isomer of N‐α‐protected glutamic acid, such as N‐α‐benzyloxycarbonyl‐D ‐glutamic acid (Z‐D ‐Glu‐OH) or N‐α‐benzyloxycarbonyl‐L ‐glutamic acid (Z‐L ‐Glu‐OH), in the presence of triphenyl phosphite (TPP). Two types of newly prepared polyamide showed optical rotation, implying that there were asymmetric carbons in their main chains. Circular dichroism studies demonstrated that resulting chiral poly‐ amides took a helical structure. Optical resolution ability of those two types of polyamide was studied by adopting potential difference as a driving force for membrane transport. Membranes showed permselectivity toward racemic mixture of N‐α‐acetyltryptophan (Ac‐Trp). The permselectivity was dependent on the absolute configuration of diacid component. The permselectivity was expressed by diffusivity selectivity, which was determined by the presence of chiral helicity. © 2011 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci, 2011     

2-O-（2-羟丁基）-β-环糊精在非水毛细管电泳中拆分手性药物的研究

以2—O-（2一羟丁基）-β-环糊精（HB-β-CD）为手性选择剂,对普萘洛尔、山茛菪碱、异丙嗪3种碱性手性药物进行非水毛细管电泳拆分。考察了有机溶剂、电解质、手性选择剂浓度以及pH值对分离度的影响。研究结果表明：普萘洛尔、山莨菪碱和异丙嚷3种碱性手性药物全部达到基线分离。可见HB-β-CD在碱性药物拆分方面具有特殊能力,为碱性手性药物的拆分提供了一种准确、简便的分析方法。     

Enantioselective Separation of Racemic Amlodipine by Two-Phase Chiral Extraction Containing O,O′-Dibenzoyl-(2S,3S)-Tartaric Acid as Chiral Selector

A two-phase chiral extraction system containing O,O′-dibenzoyl-(2S,3S)-tartaric acid ((+)-DBTA) in 1-decanol organic phase and aqueous phase was developed for the chiral resolution of amlopidine. The effects of extractant concentration, equilibrium time, and pH of the aqueous phase on the separation performance were investigated. The results indicated that the system afforded a strong chiral separation ability; the (+)-DBTA showed a higher recognition ability toward (S)-amlodipine than the (R)-amlodipine. Upon a single extraction, the enantiomeric excess (%) of (S)-amlodipine could be enriched to 24.27%. The product recovery ratio was 0.74. The distribution ratios for (S)-amlodipine (D _S ), (R)-amlodipine (D _R ) and separation factor (α) were 1.28, 0.78, and 1.64, respectively. Therefore, the pH and concentration of the extractant have the great effects on chiral separation ability. Two-phase chiral extraction has great significance for preparative separation of (S)-amlodipine; it can also be used to design and scale up the enantioselective separation process.     

抗抑郁药重要手性中间体（R）-3-氯-苯丙醇的不对称合成研究

（R）-3-氯-苯丙醇是西汀类抗抑郁药的重要手性中间体。本文综述了由原料3-氯-苯丙酮通过各种不同手性催化剂催化还原制备手性3-氯-苯丙醇的各种合成线路,并比较各方法的优劣状况。     

L-苯丙氨酸手性固定相的制备

L-苯丙氨酸和硬酯酰氯经酯化、酰胺化、皂化和酰氯化反应得到新型手性固定相,用FTIR、1HNMR和元素分析对手性固定相(CSP)进行了表征。将制得的手性固定相按m(CSP)∶m(硅胶)=3∶1制备薄层色谱板,采用V(乙醇)∶V(乙酸乙酯)∶V(三乙胺)=11∶5∶1作为展开体系,对手性药物度洛西汀进行拆分,其中右旋度洛西汀Rf1=0.87,左旋度洛西汀Rf2=0.75。     

固定化沙雷氏菌脂肪酶拆分(R,S)-2-羟基-4-苯基丁酸乙酯

利用海藻酸钙-戊二醛交联法对本实验室筛选到的一株能选择性拆分(R,S)-2-羟基-4-苯基丁酸乙酯〔(R,S)-HPBE〕的沙雷氏菌脂肪酶进行固定化,并对固定化脂肪酶的酶活和拆分条件进行了研究。结果表明,最适反应温度为50℃,pH=7.0,底物浓度40 mmol/L,ρ(酶液)=200 g/L,在该条件下,反应10 h后,(R)-2-羟基-4-苯基丁酸乙酯〔(R)-HPBE〕产率达93.4%,光学纯度(e.e.)为96.2%。连续反应12批次,固定化脂肪酶仍可使(R)-HPBE产率维持在80%以上。     

淀粉三(4-三氟甲氧基苯基氨基甲酸酯)手性固定相的制备及其手性识别能力

制备了基于淀粉三(4-三氟甲氧基苯基氨基甲酸酯)衍生物的涂敷型手性固定相(CSP1),并考察了其手性识别能力。研究表明:与商品化Chiralpak AD柱相比,CSP1显示出较低的手性识别能力;CSP1的手性识别能力随流动相中异丙醇含量的降低而升高;与以乙醇为流动相添加剂相比,使用异丙醇为添加剂更有利于对映体的分离。此研究拓展了多糖类衍生物手性固定相的种类。