基于模糊物元模型的区域水资源开发利用评价方法

为客观评价区域的用水水平,采用基于欧式贴近度的模糊物元模型综合评价区域水资源开发利用程度.将灌区用水水平的不同阶段作为物元的事物,将各阶段的评价指标及其模糊量值作为复合模糊物元,通过计算复合模糊物元与标准物元之间的欧式贴近度,综合分析区域水资源的开发利用现状,确定区域用水水平,为水资源的进一步开发利用及合理配置提供决策依据.以宝鸡峡灌区为例,研究结果表明,宝鸡峡灌区的用水水平处于发展阶段,水资源开发利用已具有一定规模但仍有开发潜力.     

缺失数据下m相依样本的大样本性质

讨论了缺失数据在随机补充方式下均值的估计,证明了估计的相合性和渐进正态性,并给出了经验似然比统计量的渐进分布．     

基于多核学习的下肢肌电信号动作识别

为了提高下肢肌电控制系统中多运动模式识别的准确性,提出一种基于多核学习(MKL)和小波变换尺度间相关性特征提取的多类识别方法.根据多核学习理论,采用二叉树组合策略构造基于多核学习的多类分类器.对下肢4路表面肌电信号进行离散平稳小波变换,用小波系数尺度间的相关性提取特征向量输入构造的多类分类器,对水平行走时划分的支撑前期、支撑中期、支撑末期、摆动前期、摆动末期这5个细分运动状态进行分类.实验结果表明,所提的多模式识别方法能够以较高识别率区分多个细分运动状态,得到比标准的单核支持向量机(SVM)分类器更好的准确性.     

缝洞型碳酸盐岩油藏水驱油机理物理模拟研究

为了更好地认识缝洞型碳酸盐岩油藏的特殊渗流机理,根据某油田缝洞型碳酸盐岩的实际情况设计制作了全直径缝洞型岩芯模型,实验岩样来源于油田的实际岩芯,采用油田实际油样和相似地层水进行了模型水平、倾斜30°、倾斜60°三种不同角度的水驱油机理物理模拟实验,分析实验结果,认为缝洞型碳酸盐岩采收率、含水率、无水采收期等与缝洞倾斜情况和缝洞结构有密切关系.并将实验数据应用于Cruz Hernandez J等人基于对流-扩散渗流理论建立的缝洞型油水两相流动系统数学模型的拟合中,讨论了数学模型中的空间系数、扩散系数和流动速度对模型拟合的影响情况,并提出了模型的改进应考虑重力作用、流体流速、孔洞配位数等影响因素.     

Pheromone specificity inEriocrania semipurpurella (Stephens) andE. sangii (Wood) (Lepidoptera: Eriocraniidae) based on chirality of semiochemicals

The fifth abdominal segment of femaleEriocrania semipurpurella (Stephens) andE. sangii (Wood) contains a pair of exocrine glands. Hexane extracts of this segment were prepared from both species and analyzed by gas chromatography with simultaneous flame ionization and electroantennographic detection (EAD). For both species, the EAD active peaks were identified as nonan-2-one, (Z)-6-nonen-2-one, and (Z)-6-nonen-2-ol by means of mass spectrometry and comparison of retention indices with those of synthetic standards. Enantiomeric separation of chiral alcohols from the female extracts was achieved by gas chromatographic analysis on a cyclodextrin column. InE. semipurpurella, a mixture of (2S,6Z)-nonen-2-ol and (2R,6Z)-nonen-2-ol (2: I) was found, whereas inE. sangii (2S,6Z)-nonen-2-ol was the predominant enantiomer and only traces of theR enantiomer were indicated by the antennal response. In field tests, a blend of the three compounds was not attractive to conspecific males. A subtractive assay showed that the alcohol in various enantiomeric mixtures was the only attractive compound, whereas addition of (Z)-6-nonen-2-one to the alcohol completely inhibited the attraction of both species. A trapping experiment including a wide range of ratios between theR andS enantiomers showed that baits containing 95–100% of theS enantiomer were attractive to maleE. sangii, whereas males ofE. semipurpurella were attracted to all tested ratios of the enantiomers. However, the response profiles of maleE. semipurpurella differed between populations from southern Sweden, south Finland, and the Kola Peninsula in Russia. In south Sweden males were maximally attracted to a racemic mixture of the alcohols. At the Kola PeninsulaE. semipurpurella was attracted to baits containing 95–100% of theR enantiomer. In south Finland all tested ratios between 0 and 100%R enantiomer trappedE. semipurpurella, but the trap catches appeared to be bimodally distributed with peaks around 15 and 70%R enantiomer. The trapping results suggest the existence of pheromone races or sibling species among the specimens identified asE. semipurpurella.Dedicated to Prof. H. J. Bestmann on the occasion of his 70th birthday.     

用新型碳分子筛分析永久气体

本文介绍一种新型气相色谱固定相——碳分子筛(KMS),其最大的优点是在常温下,单柱即可同时分离分析H_2、O_2、N_2、CO、CH_4、CO_2六种混合气体,柱子的保留值重现性好,峰形对称,柱效高。本文求得了在H_2和Ar作载气时KMS对上述六种气体的定性定量特性,配气的定量结果总的平均相对误差为3.67％。同时这种碳分子筛原料易得,制作简单,成本便宜。     

Thermodynamic properties of ni nitrides and phase stability in the Ni-N system

The thermodynamics of the Ni-N system is poorly known from experiments, and there is a need of information on the stability of the various nitride phases and the Ni-N phase diagram. This kind of information has been obtained by us, by combining the few measurements available with predictions, based on recently reported regularities in bonding properties and vibrational entropy of 3d transition metal compounds. A calculated Ni-N phase diagram is presented. A certain range of homogeneity for the hexagonal nitride phase is obtained, which is comparable to that of other 3d transition metal-nitrogen systems. The question of the possible existence of a stable Ni₄N phase is examined. According to our results, Ni₄N is metastable in the Ni-N system.     

等离子体可压缩Euler-Maxwell系统光滑解的适定性

考虑等离子体物理中的可压缩Euler-Maxwell系统,借助能量方法和对称子技巧,研究了三维环上的周期问题.在初值为一个小摄动的条件下,证明了当时间趋于无穷大时,该问题的整体光滑解收敛到一个非常数稳态解.     

生物拆分制备(S)-α-乙基-2-氧-1-吡咯烷乙酸工艺研究

耐酪氨酸冢村氏菌(Tsukamurella tyrosinosolvens)E105可选择性催化(R,S)-α-乙基-2-氧-1-吡咯烷乙酸乙酯生物拆分制备左乙拉西坦关键手性中间体(S)-α-乙基-2-氧-1-吡咯烷乙酸.通过单因素实验和响应面法对菌株产酶培养条件进行优化,并考察含酶静息细胞催化制备(S)-α-乙基-2-氧-1-吡咯烷乙酸的反应过程.结果表明:最优产酶培养条件为装液量30%,接种量4%,发酵36h;培养基组成为葡萄糖17.70g/L,酵母膏16.53g/L,NH4Cl 9.5g/L,K2HPO42g/L,KH2PO41g/L,NaCl 0.6g/L,MgSO4·7H2O 0.5g/L,初始pH值7.32.在优化条件下,酶活力为19.33U/g,细胞干重达4.13g/L,分别较优化前提高了32.6%和60.1%.当细胞加量为30g/L,底物浓度60mmol/L,反应体系为300mL,拆分24h后,产率和ee值分别为48%和99%,(S)-α-乙基-2-氧-1-吡咯烷乙酸浓度达28.8mmol/L,较优化前提高了32.1%.     

非平稳时序循环平稳趋势提取与机械故障诊断

在简单介绍非平稳时序模型周期趋势项提取方法的基础上，提出了机械故障诊断和分析方法，该方法利用旋转机械出现故障以后所呈现的循环平稳特性，使用循环平稳分析方法剔除非平稳时间序列模型中的趋势项，然后建立平稳时序模型，用该模型进行机械故障诊断分析。并运用仿真和实例对方法的正确性进行了验证。