La在KCl-NaCl和LaCl_3-KCl-NaCl熔体中的溶解行为SCIEI

本文利用透明槽技术、电化学循环V-A法及量子化学EHMO三种方法,研究了La在KCl-NaCl(1:1mol)及LaCl_3-KCl-NaCl熔体中的溶解行为。初步认为:溶解在KCl-NaCl熔体中的La是以中性金属状态存在。在LaCl_3-KCl-NaCl熔体中,溶解的La与La^(3+)作用生成低价La^(2+)离子,La^(2+)又与周围的La^(3+)作用形成原子簇离子La_m^(n+)赋存于熔体之中。     

三元合金靶择优溅射稳定态的表面化学成分

基于多元素靶溅射的Andersen-Sigmund关系式，在分析了大量的二、三元素合金溅射稳定态靶表面化学成分的变化之后，发现各元素之间表面结合能之比几乎与靶体化学成分无关。只要给各元素之间设定适当的表面结合能比，就可以很容易地计算出三元合金靶稳定态表面化学成分，至少对于用2keV氩离子轰击的Ag-Pd-Au三元合金靶系来说，其计算结果都与实验值一致。所分析的实验数据是在常温下取得的，所以可不考虑离子轰击诱发的Gibbs偏析，其结论很可能是多元合金靶溅射的一般规律。此外，由Gaidikas等最近所提出的所谓择优溅射中的“基体效应”理论是无实验依据的。     

Diffusion of additives and plasticizers in poly(vinyl chloride): 4. A programmed temperature technique for the determination of the diffusion parameters of three dialkylphthalates

A programmed temperature technique has been developed for the measurement of the self-diffusion coefficients of additives in polymers. This has been applied to the diffusion of three dialkylphthalate plasticizers in poly(vinyl chloride). Values of the self-diffusion coefficients and the calculated activation energies obtained in this way have been compared with values previously obtained from measurements at constant temperature. It has been shown that the programmed temperature technique gives a very rapid method for the estimation of the activation energy of self-diffusion.     

釉上金红颜料的研制

采用液相反应法研制了釉上金红颜料，给出了颜料和熔剂配方及其制备方法。     

补强剂和共混工艺对PA/PVC/NBR三元共混弹性体性能的影响

在选择三元共聚尼龙（PA）、聚氯乙烯（PVC）、丁腈橡胶（NBR）为主体材料，制备PA／PVC／NBR（10／30／60）三元共混弹性体的工作基础上，进一步探讨了填料品种和用量，共混温度，加料顺序等因素PA／PVC／NBR三元共混弹性体的影响。试验结果表明：在PA／PVC／NBR（10／30／60）共混体系中，补强型填料的补强效果优于非补强型的填料，6种填料补强效果依次是：快压出炭黑＞半补强炭黑＞白炭黑＞活性重质，CaCO3＞陶土＞滑石粉，快压出炭黑的适宜用量是20－50份。在制备PA／PVC／NBR三元共混物时，适宜的共混温度是122－140℃，并且采用二段法混工艺制得的共混物性能优于采用一段法共混工艺。     

氯化铜脱除硫化氢气体制硫磺研究

A novel technology of removing H2S with cupric chloride solution was developed in this paper. Cupric as the form of CuS deposition, the CuS produced was then oxidized by excessive cupric ion in another reactor meanwhile cupric ion that has been consumed can be recovered by the oxidization of CuCl2- with oxygen in air,and the solution can be circulated. Moreover, the leaching kinetics of CuS by cupric ion was studied. The removal efficiency of H2S is close to 100%, and the required operating condition is mild. Compared with other wet oxidization methods, no raw material is consumed except O2 in air, the process has no secondary pollution and no problem of degradation and scale, and the absorbent is much stable and reliable.     

Determination of Binder Decomposition Kinetics for Specifying Heating Parameters in Binder Burnout Cycles

The decomposition kinetics of poly(vinyl butyral) binder from barium titanate multilayer ceramic capacitors with platinum metal electrodes were analyzed by thermogravimetric analysis as a function of the heating rate. The activation energy and pre-exponential factor for the decomposition kinetics were determined from two types of integral equations, from the Redhead method, and from the variation in heating rate method. The accuracy of the kinetic parameters determined from these methods was then evaluated for describing the observed rate of binder decomposition. Although the individual models yielded very different kinetic parameters, all were capable of describing the experimental data within ±15% accuracy. The kinetic parameters were then used in a coupled transport and kinetic model for describing the buildup of pressure within the ceramic green body as a function of the heating cycle. A methodology based on calculus of variations was also developed to predict the minimum duration for the binder burnout cycle.     

稀土复合热稳定剂对聚氯乙烯性能影响研究

主要以有机锡热稳定剂为对比物，研究了稀土热稳定剂对聚氯乙烯(PVC)的热稳定性及其他性能的影响。稀土热稳定剂对PVC的力学性能、加工性能都有不同程度的提高，稀土热稳定剂的热稳定性能符合PVC的加工条件要求，并研究了抗冲改性剂ACR(丙烯酸酯共聚物)对体系的影响。     

Structural changes and mechanical performance of recycled poly(vinyl chloride) bottles exposed to ultraviolet light at 313 nm

The structural changes and mechanical performance of virgin poly(vinyl chloride) (PVC) bottle (VB) compounds blended with postconsumer PVC bottles collected from a specified factory (RB‐F) and houses (RB‐H), were examined before and after UV irradiation at 313‐nm UV wavelength for different periods of time up to 28 days. The results indicated that, when exposed to UV light, the RB‐F/VB blends containing greater conjugated double bonds with higher yellowness index appeared to exhibit better mechanical performance than that of the RB‐H/VB blends. It was found that the amount of conjugated double bonds was not a linear function of the discoloration level of PVC compounds. Tensile strength of the VB compounds was not affected when incorporated with RB‐F recyclate, but progressively decreased with increasing RB‐H recyclate. An optimum concentration for RB recyclates to be added into the virgin compound was recommended for obtaining a maximum impact strength. Both tensile and impact strengths decreased with increasing UV exposure time, a severe degradation being obvious after a UV exposure time of 21 days. Hardness was not affected significantly by the addition of PVC recyclate, but increased with increasing UV exposure time. © 2004 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci 92: 84–94, 2004