Consideration of the stress dependence of the bulk density in silo storage of dusts from dry off-gas cleaning

In this study the influence of the consolidation stress on the bulk density of dusts separated from the off-gas of a broad variety of industrial processes was investigated. With the exception of very small values of the stress this dependence can be approximated very well by a simple function. One coefficient in this function correlates very well with the bulk density measured according to EN ISO 60, while the other coefficient shows a good correlation with a function, combining several dust properties. Using this approximation function equations for the vertical stress and bulk density in the shaft of a cylindrical silo as a function of the distance from the surface were derived. The results for the vertical stress and the mass of the bulk obtained with these equations were compared with those acquired on the basis of Janssen’s equation assuming constant bulk density according to EN ISO 60 and a constant average bulk density. Up to a certain distance from the surface of the bulk the values for the stress and for the mass were between the results obtained by the two variants with constant bulk density, whereas for greater distances the resulting values were higher.     

Optical Nanomaterials and Enabling Technologies for High-Security-Level Anticounterfeiting

Optical nanomaterials have been widely used in anticounterfeiting applications. There have been significant developments powered by recent advances in material science, printing technologies, and the availability of smartphone-based decoding technology. Recent progress in this field is surveyed, including the availability of optical reflection, absorption, scattering, and luminescent nanoparticles. It is demonstrated that advances in the design and synthesis of lanthanide-doped upconversion nanoparticles will lead to the next generation of anticounterfeiting technologies. Their tunable optical properties and optical responses to a range of external stimuli allow high-security level information encoding. Challenges in the scale-up synthesis of nanomaterials, engineering of assessorial devices for smart-phone-based decryption, and alignment to the potential markets which will lead to new directions for research, are discussed.     

Adoption of new technologies in developing countries: The case of autonomous car between Vietnam and Colombia

The objective of the present study was to examine the moderating effect of Hofstede's cultural dimension of indulgence on the relationship between risk perception (financial, psychological, and time) and purchase intention regarding autonomous cars in Colombia and Vietnam using a multi-group model. A total of 800 Colombian and Vietnamese car drivers aged 18 or over participated by completing a personal questionnaire through a polling firm. The methodological contribution of the study is its use of variables related to the consumer and the environment that affect the adoption of this type of new technology. The findings showed that indulgence had a direct influence on the adoption of new technologies that have a lesser impact on the environment. For financial and psychological risk and the relationship with purchase intention, it was possible to find moderation effects in the country characterized by a low degree of indulgence. However, in the case of time risk, the moderation effect of indulgence was found in both countries (i.e., those with a low and high degree of indulgence). People in the country with a high degree of indulgence tended to feel anxious and stressed when faced with the decision to acquire the new technology.     

What are socially disruptive technologies?

Scholarly discourse on “disruptive technologies” has been strongly influenced by disruptive innovation theory. This theory is tailored for analyzing disruptions in markets and business. It is of limited use, however, in analyzing the broader social, moral and existential dynamics of technosocial disruption. Yet these broader dynamics should be of great scholarly concern, both in coming to terms with technological disruptions of the past and those of our current age. Technologies can disrupt social relations, institutions, epistemic paradigms, foundational concepts, values, and even the nature of human cognition and experience – domains of disruption that are largely neglected in existing discourse on disruptive technologies. Accordingly, this paper seeks to reorient scholarly discussion around a broader notion of technosocial disruption. This broader notion raises three foundational questions. First, how can technosocial disruption be conceptualized in a way that clearly sets it apart from the disruptive innovation framework? Secondly, how does the notion of technosocial disruption relate to the concordant notions of “disruptor” and “disruptiveness”? Thirdly, can we advance criteria to assess the “degree of social disruptiveness” of different technologies? The paper clarifies these questions and proposes an answer to each of them. In doing so, it advances “technosocial disruption” as a key analysandum for future scholarship on the interactions between technology and society.     

Do innovation in environmental-related technologies cyclically and asymmetrically affect environmental sustainability in BRICS nations?

This study contributes to the current research by identifying the cyclical and asymmetrical impact of innovation in environmental-related technologies on carbon dioxide emissions in BRICS economies, as well as control variables such as fossil fuels, export taxes, household consumption expenditures, and exports, for the period 1990(Q1)-2016 (Q4). Following are some of the key findings. First, the data analysis indicated a significant long-term positive link between negative shocks to innovation in environmental-related technologies and carbon dioxide emissions during the economic downturn. Second, positive shocks to innovation in environmental-related technologies minimize carbon dioxide emissions during the economic upturn. Third, the relationship between innovation shocks in environmental-related technologies and carbon dioxide emissions was counter-cyclical during business cycles. Fourth, impact of positive shocks to innovation in environmental-related technologies on carbon dioxide emissions was more than the impact of negative shocks to innovation in environmental-related technologies on carbon dioxide emissions. Fifth, increasing the export tax serve as an effective measure to mitigate carbon dioxide emissions. Sixth, an increase in exports, use of fossil fuels, and household consumption expenditures contributed to the carbon dioxide emissions. Based on estimated results, the paper suggests policy implications for policymakers to reduce carbon dioxide emissions.     

Balancing resilience and efficiency in supply chains: Roles of disruptive technologies under Industry 4.0

In the Industry 4.0 era, disruptive technologies such as big data analytics, blockchain, Internet-of-Things, and additive manufacturing have become major forces driving supply chain transformation. Under such circumstances, particular attention should be attached to balancing resilience and efficiency of the supply chain, especially in the presence of more turbulence. In this study, we first summarize the conflicts between supply chain efficiency and supply chain resilience regarding practices and objectives. Then, we discuss the positive effects of disruptive technologies in improving resilience and efficiency. Afterwards, we propose a research agenda that covers both the influence mechanism and trade-off mechanism of these technologies in terms of resilience and efficiency.     

On development of portable digital holographic speckle pattern interferometry system for remote‐access monitoring and documentation in art conservation

Artworks are delicate objects representative of the most high values of human kind that require constant control over the situation they are in and effective actions to preserve them and deliver them safely to next generations. As such, the non‐destructive or minimally destructive nature of operator–artwork interactions has been considered as essential in this field. The complete diagnosis of the status of the art object signifying a full knowledge of invisible defects and their morphology allows its timely and correct maintenance and ensures its durability. It is herein presented the basic technical information on the development of a portable system termed Digital Holographic Speckle Pattern Interferometry (DHSPI) for the structural diagnosis of works of art. DHSPI has been tested on a variety of conservation problems over the years. It is a completely portable and fully PC driven automated system for the detection and non‐destructive diagnosis of the structural alterations of an artwork, whether they are defects lying on the subsurface or between the layers below it, the fringe number information allows the depth estimation and the complete documentation. The system exploits the benefits of a highly coherent laser beam as essential presupposition for remote on‐field access—that is the main emphasis given here—to immovable/movable art objects. It takes advantage of a CCD camera as photosensitive medium to record the interference of the retro reflected object laser beam from the object under consideration with a twin reference laser beam. The device allows micro projections of the defects on the surface of the object to be detected with a resolution that corresponds to half the wavelength of the laser beam. Local disparities, in relation to the total response of the object, are directly correlated to the detected microdisplacement of object surface as structural defects. Special tailor‐made software allows full control of the system, processing of the data, and extraction of anomalies. Direct visual qualitative observation of the displacement processes is followed as captured in the monitor. A second custom‐made software—not presented in detail here—enables further processing of the results to improve their imaging, quantification, and dimensioning. The final result is a quantitative map of alterations, the coordinates, and the classification of their risks which can be also extracted if further information is necessary. The qualitative or quantitative documentation map can be used as a guide to the conservator for maintenance and restoration work. Further on, the system also allows observation of the object's response to climate changes in order to predict the formation of alterations or the evolution of existing ones providing the only known direct tool for scheduling preservation strategies.     

粗硫钴精矿精选的实验室研究

通过对粗硫钴精矿中硫和钴的赋存状态分析,认为用浮选方法来提高硫钴精矿产品质量是可行的,并在实验室完成了浮选条件试验和开路流程试验。开路流程试验表明：采用两次精选和一次扫选的开路流程,可获得硫品位３７．４３％、钴品位０．２９１％的硫钴精矿,作业回收率分别为７７．６０％、８７．０４％。推荐工业试验流程为三精一扫。     

边缘计算和深度学习之间的交融

随着网络终端的不断普及与互联网应用的快速发展,当今网络不仅要应对日益增长的传输流量,也要满足用户多样化的需求指标。云计算在诸如服务延迟与传输开销等方面难以适应趋势,边缘计算(Edge Computing)则将运算资源从云下移到了网络边缘,并通过就近处理数据的方式提升性能。作为人工智能的主要代表之一,深度学习一方面可以被集成到边缘计算的框架中以构建智能边缘,另一方面也能以服务的形式部署在边缘上从而实现边缘智能。本文从边缘计算与深度学习融合的趋势出发,介绍"边缘智能"与"智能边缘"的概念与应用场景,并说明典型的使能技术及其相互联系。     

基于常量条件函数依赖的冲突消解算法

目前绝大部分冲突消解方法都是基于迭代计算数据源可靠度和事实可信度的机制。当数据源较少时,数据源的可靠度难于进行评估,仅凭投票来消解冲突往往会造成较大误差。针对数据源较少时的冲突消解问题,提出基于常量条件函数依赖的冲突消解算法。根据多个数据源之间的冲突,找出冲突匹配对及对应的冲突候选值集合。考虑常量条件函数依赖中具体到部分实例子集的约束关系,将常量条件函数依赖集作为先验知识,通过判断候选值是否符合常量条件函数依赖来选择正确的候选值,避免了错误数据比例较大时直接投票选择产生的误差。通过两个真实数据集上的对比实验验证了上述算法的有效性。