添加剂对煤沥青的改性作用及沥青焦性能的影响

通过考察添加剂加入量与煤沥青的甲苯不溶物含量、软化点、析焦量以及所得沥焦的抗氧化性和石墨化活性的关系,探讨了添加剂对煤沥青的改性作用及其对沥青焦性能的影响。实验结果表明：在煤沥青中加入适当的添加剂可提高煤沥青的甲苯不溶物含量和析焦量,加入添加剂的煤沥青炭化后所得沥青焦的抗氧化性和石墨化活性均得到显著提高,但氧化残余物含量有所上升。该沥青焦经2300℃高温石墨化处理后仍表现出优良的抗氧化性。     

Influence of microstructure on thermal expansion and graphitization of oil cokes

The influence of the feedstock coke properties on graphite behaviour is of significant importance in the production of graphite. The feedstock coke properties depend mainly on the coke microstructure. The objective of this preliminary work has been to study the relation between the microstructure and the coke properties. The results showed that there were close and definite relations between microstructure, spacing of extinction contours observed by polarized light microscopy and coke properties, such as coefficient of thermal expansion and graphitization.     

石油焦烧碳动力学

用脉冲进料固定床微分反应器对两种代表性石油焦的燃烧情况进行了研究.由于石油焦成分比较复杂,其燃烧过程不十分稳定,呈现多阶段燃烧现象.通过实验得出了各阶段燃烧反应动力学方程、烟气中CO/CO₂摩尔比变化方程和不同温度下的有效燃尽率.     

Use of thermogravimetry for proximate analysis of coals and cokes

An alternative method for the proximate analysis of coals and cokes using a thermobalance is described. The test measures water content, volatile matter, fixed carbon and ash residue and takes <10 min to complete. The variety of coals and cokes tested in this investigation have given results which showed good correlation with values from the prescribed method. The thermogravimetric technique appears to be a feasible rapid alternative to standard methods for proximate analysis.     

Formation of active carbons from cokes using potassium hydroxide

Petroleum cokes of different optical textures, a metallurgical coke and charcoals from wood were reacted with KOH in the temperature range 823–1173 K. Resultant active carbons were examined by optical and scanning electron microscopy, by assessment of effective surface areas using N₂ and I₂ as adsorbates and by IR spectroscopy. Green cokes rather than calcined cokes, of optical texture of mosaics were most effective in formation of active carbons, S.A. = 2700 m²g⁻¹. A ratio of KOH:C of 4:1 was needed to obtain maximum surface areas at reaction temperatures < 1073 K with soak times > 1.25 hr. The wood-charcoals could be effectively activated. KOH was the most effective of the alkali salts in the production of active carbons.     

高炉计算机断层成象技术成象算法的研究

提出用MLRR法对矿石、焦炭分布进行图象重建。该方法借助于有限元分析软件,利用多元线性回归实现ECT系统正向问题的求解,再利用正则化方法求解反向问题,获得成象矩阵。实验表明,在区域性分布对象的成象上,MLRR法的成象质量远远好于LBP法。当矿石、焦炭的介电常数在±20％变化时,对MLRR法所成图象质量影响不大,十分有利于热态下的高炉成象。