槐米染色织物色牢度提升方法的研究

本文以槐米为原料,采用水煮法从中提取色素作为天然染料,然后用直接染色法对纯棉织物进行染色,分别用交联剂CX-100和固色剂2518对染色后的棉织物进行整理,以提高染色后织物的色牢度.实验结果表明,槐米色素的最佳提取工艺为:槐米用量15g/L,在100℃下水煮60min;直接法染色时的最佳pH值为9,染色温度为90℃,染色时间为60min;交联剂处理的最佳工艺为:染色棉织物→两浸两轧(交联剂用量50g/L,轧余率60%)→预烘(70℃×3min)→焙烘(110℃×3min).采用固色剂处理时,固色剂最佳用量为9%(o.m.f.),固色温度为50℃,时间为15min.     

Improving textural quality in frozen jalapeño pepper by low temperature blanching in calcium chloride solution

The effects of low temperature blanching in calcium chloride solution of jalapeño peppers prior to freezing, on firmness retention, pH, methanol, colour and calcium ions of the product, were evaluated by response surface methodology. Texture, methanol content and pH were affected by all of the variables studied (P = 0.05). The optimum response was obtained at temperatures of 63.3–66 °C, calcium chloride concentrations of 0.17–0.21 m , immersion time of 11.6–14.4 min, with a holding time after blanching of 56.6–66.1 min. Microscopic evaluation of the thawed pepper showed that blanching in CaCl₂ solution provided a protective effect in maintaining cell wall integrity.     

Aging and emotional memory: Cognitive mechanisms underlying the positivity effect.

Younger adults tend to remember negative information better than positive or neutral information (negativity bias). The negativity bias is reduced in aging, with older adults occasionally exhibiting superior memory for positive, as opposed to negative or neutral, information (positivity bias). Two experiments with younger (N = 24 in Experiment 1, N = 25 in Experiment 2; age range: 18?35 years) and older adults (N = 24 in both experiments; age range: 60?85 years) investigated the cognitive mechanisms responsible for age-related differences in recognition memory for emotional information. Results from diffusion model analyses (R. Ratcliff, 1978) indicated that the effects of valence on response bias were similar in both age groups but that Age × Valence interactions emerged in memory retrieval. Specifically, older adults experienced greater overall familiarity for positive items than younger adults. We interpret this finding in terms of an age-related increase in the accessibility of positive information in long-term memory. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2010 APA, all rights reserved)     

建筑铝型材电解着色均匀化和多色化处理工艺技术

二次电解着色工艺是建筑铝型材表面处理的主要工艺，但在国内目前所采用的这一工艺中，存在的主要问题是产品色差较大，校色，补色操作控制难度大，产品颜色单一。Ｕｎｉｃｏｌ均匀电解着色技术及直流极性转换电解着色技术的开发成功，解决了色差补色问题。三次电解着色技术实现了产品颜色的多样化。     

Judgments of facial expressions of emotion in profile.

Despite the fact that facial expressions of emotion have signal value, there is surprisingly little research examining how that signal can be detected under various conditions, because most judgment studies utilize full-face, frontal views. We remedy this by obtaining judgments of frontal and profile views of the same expressions displayed by the same expressors. We predicted that recognition accuracy when viewing faces in profile would be lower than when judging the same faces from the front. Contrarily, there were no differences in recognition accuracy as a function of view, suggesting that emotions are judged equally well regardless of from what angle they are viewed. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2011 APA, all rights reserved)     

The painted dragons in affective science: Can the Chinese notion of ganlei add a transformative detail?

I propose for emotion research a dynamic approach to truth in which folk theories, no matter how much they may be infested with magical thinking and peculiar beliefs, can function as potential competitors and valued interlocutors on the platform of theory construction. For demonstration, I present the ancient Chinese notion of ganlei as a counterpoint to Western metaphysics. Potential contributions of this indigenous belief system to theory and research on emotions include bringing greater clarity to existing concepts of empathy and mind reading and participating meaningfully in the current debates on emotions. More important, ganlei suggests a shift of focus in emotion research from epistemological to ontological categories and from mental representations to intermental transactions. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2010 APA, all rights reserved)     

Application of an emotional neural network to facial recognition

In our attempts to model human intelligence by mimicking the brain structure and function, we overlook an important aspect in human cognition, which is the emotional factor. It may currently sound unthinkable to have emotional machines; however, it is possible to simulate certain artificial emotions with the aim of improving machine learning. This paper investigates the efficiency of an emotional neural network, which uses a modified back propagation learning algorithm. The modifed algorithm, namely the emotional BP learning algorithm, has two emotional parameters, anxiety and confidence, that are modeled during machine learning and decision making. The emotional neural network will be implemented to a facial recognition problem using images of faces with different orientations and contrast levels, and its performance will be compared to that of a conventional neural network. Experimental results suggest that artificial emotions can be successfully modeled and efficiciently implemented to improve neural networks learning and generaliztion.     

Anxious solitude and peer exclusion predict social helplessness, upset affect, and vagal regulation in response to behavioral rejection by a friend.

It was hypothesized that combined individual child vulnerability (anxious solitude) and interpersonal stress (peer exclusion) would predict the strongest responses to experimentally manipulated behavioral peer rejection. Results indicated that in a sample of 3rd graders (N = 160, 59% girls), anxious solitary excluded children displayed more behavioral manifestations of social helplessness before and after behavioral rejection, reported more feelings of rejection in anticipation of and reaction to behavioral rejection, and were observably more upset during behavioral rejection than were normative children. Moreover, affective responses to behavioral rejection mediated the relation between anxious solitary excluded status and behavioral manifestations of social helplessness. Furthermore, anxious solitary excluded children versus anxious solitary children demonstrated excessive suppression of vagal tone and more sustained acceleration in heart rate during the experiment. Results also indicated that affective, social–cognitive, and regulatory processes directly contributed to children’s responses to behavioral rejection. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2010 APA, all rights reserved)     

电影海报的艺术表现手法

作为商业海报的一种,电影海报以宣传电影、刺激票房为目的,但它本身也具有艺术感染力和独立的审美价值。与其它平面设计一样,电影海报与艺术的关系非常密切。本文通过对一些经典的电影海报进行分析,试图总结出一些经典的艺术表现手法,希望能给今天的电影海报或者是其它形式的平面设计一些借鉴与启示。     

Facial Attractiveness Is Appraised in a Glance.

Those who are physically attractive reap many benefits--from higher average wages to a wider variety of mate choices. Recent studies have investigated what constitutes beauty and how beauty affects explicit social judgments, but little is known about the perceptual or cognitive processing that is affected by aesthetic judgments of faces and why beauty affects our behavior. In this study, the authors show that beauty is perceived when information is minimized by masking or rapid presentation. Perceiving and processing beauty appear to require little attention and to bias subsequent cognitive processes. These facts may make beauty difficult to ignore, possibly leading to its importance in social evaluations. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2010 APA, all rights reserved)