Enhanced wide-activated residual network for efficient and accurate image deblocking

To save bandwidth and storage space as well as speed up data transmission, people usually perform lossy compression on images. Although the JPEG standard is a simple and effective compression method, it usually introduces various visually unpleasing artifacts, especially the notorious blocking artifacts. In recent years, deep convolutional neural networks (CNNs) have seen remarkable development in compression artifacts reduction. Despite the excellent performance, most deep CNNs suffer from heavy computation due to very deep and wide architectures. In this paper, we propose an enhanced wide-activated residual network (EWARN) for efficient and accurate image deblocking. Specifically, we propose an enhanced wide-activated residual block (EWARB) as basic construction module. Our EWARB gives rise to larger activation width, better use of interdependencies among channels, and more informative and discriminative non-linearity activation features without more parameters than residual block (RB) and wide-activated residual block (WARB). Furthermore, we introduce an overlapping patches extraction and combination (OPEC) strategy into our network in a full convolution way, leading to large receptive field, enforced compatibility among adjacent blocks, and efficient deblocking. Extensive experiments demonstrate that our EWARN outperforms several state-of-the-art methods quantitatively and qualitatively with relatively small model size and less running time, achieving a good trade-off between performance and complexity.     

Effect of microwave heating time on the gel properties of chicken myofibrillar proteins and their formation mechanism

The present work was conducted to illustrate the mechanism of gel formation of myofibrillar proteins (MPs) under different microwave heating times. The results showed that the denaturation enthalpy (ΔH) of the MPs significantly decreased when the heating time increased from 3 to 9 s and then completely disappeared as the heating time progressed, indicating that the MPs gradually denatured and subsequently aggregated with increasing heating time, which was further verified by the changes in the secondary structure, electrophoretic bands, and gel properties (e.g., water holding capacity and textural profiles) of the MPs. Microstructural images indicated that the MP gel formed under 12 s had the most compact network, indicating that extended microwave heating time could induce quality deterioration of MP gels. Moreover, the hydrophobic forces, electrostatic forces, and disulphide bonds of the MPs gradually intensified with increasing microwave heating time, suggesting that both non-covalent and covalent bonds could promote molecular denaturation and subsequent aggregation of MPs. In addition, correlation analysis revealed that the changes in the molecular conformation of MPs induced by different microwave heating times could effectively regulate the formation of MP gels and their related properties.     

基于学科竞赛的中医药类院校程序设计课程教学模式的探索

高素质人才培养是我国可持续发展战略、科教兴国战略以及人才强国战略等多项发展战略的一项基础性工程。本文针对中医药类院校程序设计类课程实践教学模式单一等教学实际，以“学科竞赛”为平台，“赛教结合”为理念，以《C语言程序设计》为例，从现存问题、赛教结合模式的引入、建立实施及其评价机制4个方面展开阐述，旨在提高学生学习积极性和能力。     

Affective matches of fabric and lighting chromaticity

This study investigates the impact of lighting colors on subjective judgments of fabric: in particular, whether the influence of lighting varies depending on fabric types and color combinations. We conducted two visual assessments. In Study 1 (N = 44), eight illuminants and six types of fabric were presented as cloth stimuli. Derived from the literature review, four sets of adjectives (humble-luxurious, cool-warm, old-new, and not preferred-preferred) were used as metrics. In Study 2 (N = 41), five sets of fabric color combination swatches were assessed under lighting conditions that were identical to those of Study 1. Three bipolar scales (ordinary-characterful, classic-modern, and soft-rigid), were employed from factor analysis along with three unipolar scales (luxurious, preferred, harmonious with lighting). The results showed that hue characteristics of lighting and cloth types influenced participants' perceptions of the fabric. Overall, white lighting with 4000 K was the most preferred and luxurious lighting across various types of clothes, while a pinkish white with 4700 K (duv = −0.0127) was the best matched in every color combination. In addition, there were interaction effects between lighting colors, clothes types, and fabric color combinations with regard to each of the perceptual qualities. This study provides empirical evidence for optimally match lighting colors with fabric in the presentation of fabric goods.     

Association of solid fuel use with risk of stunting in children living in China

Stunting adversely affects physical and mental outcomes of children. It has not been examined whether household air pollution from solid fuel combustion is a risk factor for stunting in children. In a total of 41,439 children aged 6-17 across China, height was measured using a unified protocol. Multivariable linear regression models and logistic regression models were used to assess the associations of solid fuel use for cooking/heating with stunting in children. Adjusted for covariates, cooking/heating with solid fuel was significantly associated with a lower z-score for height for age and sex (β = −0.21 [−0.32 to −0.09] and −0.17 [−0.31 to −0.03], respectively) and an increased risk of stunting with an estimated ORs of 1.34 [1.07~1.68] and 1.37 [1.02~1.83], respectively. The risk of stunting associated with solid fuel use was statistically significant in high-age children. And the effect was greater on girls than on boys, though the difference was not statistically significant. Our study suggested that Chinese children living in households using solid fuel had a significantly higher risk of stunting than those living in households using cleaner fuel.     

Structures and properties of chicken myofibrillar protein gel induced by microwave heating

Structures and properties of myofibrillar protein gel prepared at different power (300–800 W) were evaluated. Amino acid analysis demonstrated that changes in microwave power did not alter primary structure of gel. However, an increase in microwave power could change higher structures of gel. As microwave power increased, α-helix content decreased and β-sheet content increased. Increased microwave power probably facilitated protein to unfold and expose the internal groups, causing surface hydrophobicity and the formation of disulphide bonds were enhanced, which indicated changes in tertiary and quaternary structures of protein. At 500 W, gel had the best ultrastructure where surface morphology, springiness and water holding capacity reached the optimum. Our findings suggested that microwave at an appropriate power (500 W) could change higher structures of myofibrillar protein gel to achieve desired processing and quality protein gel characteristics.     

基于热负荷自动调节的延迟焦化加热炉三点注汽量智能优化

针对国内某炼油厂延迟焦化加热炉三点注汽问题，采用热负荷自动调节的算法进行了研究。运用该模型方法，分析了三点注汽量对加热炉热负荷和炉管结焦系数的影响，发现三点注汽量的改变均会对热负荷和炉管结焦系数产生影响，主要表现为提高注汽量将会提高热负荷，同时降低结焦系数；第1点注汽量和第2点注汽量对热负荷和结焦系数的影响较强，第3点注汽量对热负荷和结焦系数的影响较弱。在实际操作中，加热炉中的结焦程度既不能太强也不能太弱，合适的结焦系数能够保证正常开工周期里炉管不结焦，也能保证瓦斯、注汽量等参数的合理分配。通过对热负荷、注汽量的智能分配，可得到不同原料油加工负荷条件下更加合理的装置运行方案。     

碳基采暖电热材料研究进展

近几年,由于节能与环保的需求,电取暖的方式得到大力的推广,电热材料的研究与应用受到人们广泛的重视。非金属碳基电热材料是新型的节能型电热采暖材料,本文重点对影响非金属碳基电热材料中的炭黑基电热材料、碳纤维基电热材料、碳晶电热材料电热性能的因素及相关应用进行了综述。