Numeric and curve parameters for freeform surface feature models

The success of feature modelling systems depends to a large extent on offering user-friendly ways for specifying and varying feature models. In this paper, several new facilities are introduced for this.Numeric and curve parameters are presented for specification and variation of freeform surface feature models. Several properties of the parameters can be defined, such as the direction of evaluation for a curve parameter. In addition to parameters present in features, other parameters can be added to a feature model, including intersection curves between features.To provide these facilities, a new three-level structure is introduced, which includes a partially evaluated model that can capture new generic model entities, including feature intersection curves. The work has been implemented in a prototype surface feature modelling system with functionality for feature class definition, feature model creation, and advanced feature model variation through the new types of parameters.     

Tailoring of Photoluminescence Properties in All-Vacuum Deposited Perovskite via Ruddlesden–Popper Faults

Ruddlesden–Popper (RP) faults are well known in oxide perovskites, and are also observed in promising metal halide perovskites. However, the effect of RP faults on optical properties of perovskite has not been systematically investigated. In this study, it is found that RP faults are common planar faults in all-vacuum deposited CsPbBr₃-based perovskite polycrystal thin films, and the density of RP planar faults can be greatly increased by non-stoichiometric composition (Cs-rich) as well as reduced dimensionality (quasi-2D) strategies. The photoluminescence (PL) measurement reveals monotonically increasing peak intensities with higher densities of RP planar faults from Cs-rich, quasi-2D to Cs-rich & quasi-2D samples. The corresponding atomic-scale differential phase contrast maps indicate strongly confined charges within the RP planar fault network, which explains well the relationship between PL enhancement and the density of RP planar faults, and offers an alternative pathway for tailoring the optoelectronic properties of perovskite.     

Integration of geometric variation and part deformation into variation propagation of 3-D assemblies

This paper introduces a novel modelling method for variation propagation calculation of 3-D assemblies taking into account geometric variation and part deformation, which are neglected in most models in tolerance analysis. Initially, numerical studies are carried out in order to illustrate the characteristics of strain distribution in components and contact forces on the mating surfaces of a 3-D assembly. According to these characteristics, a linear equivalent model using springs to represent the elastic mating surfaces with geometric variation was presented. Then, the equilibrium criterions corresponding to actual contact situations and iterative searching algorithm of the equilibrium status of contacting were developed. The proposed modelling and calculation method were finally applied to the assembly of two machined parts, on which finite-element analyses and experimental tests were conducted to validate the effectiveness and accuracy. This linear contact model also shows an important advantage on modelling and calculating efficiency, which enable the practical application to variation propagation calculation in both tolerance design and assembly process.     

车型意象认知与侧轮廓造型特征关联研究

目的基于感性工学(KE)原理与方法,以各车型侧轮廓为对象,研究意象认知与车型造型要素的关联性,比较并分析在意象差异下所对应各车型侧轮廓的关键造型特征。方法选取目前市场的15款典型车型为研究样本,收集并筛选获取代表性感性意象词汇,结合语义差分法(SD法)与形态分析法,利用贝塞尔曲线对车身侧轮廓进行了简化并提取其造型特征线,在构建车身侧轮廓评价参考模型基础上,对样本侧轮廓进行直接与间接的量化分析。结论综合语义差分法(SD法)与形态对比分析法,提取影响车型意象定位的关键造型特征,获取用户针对不同车型在侧轮廓特征上的识别程度等级,构建车型侧轮廓特征—感性意象的关联模型,辅助汽车车型造型设计与研究,提高车型造型与用户感性需求间的匹配度。     

NMR investigation of experimental chemical induced brain tumors in rats, potential of a superparamagnetic contrast agent (MD3) to improve diagnosis

The different steps of development of chemically induced brain tumors were investigated in rats by MRI using a superparamagnetic contrast agent, magnetite-dextran nanoparticles (MD3). Sprague-Dawley strain pregnant female rats were injected intravenously with ethynitrosourea solution at the end of pregnancy. Offspring whelped by the inoculated mother were followed. MRI examinations were performed at 0.5 T. MD3 nanoparticles were injected intravenously at a dose of 5 mg Fe kg^-1 body weight 30 min before rat sacrifice. After sacrifice, histological slices were stained with hematoxylin-eosin. Relaxation times were measured at 40 MHz and 37°. MD3 nanoparticles act differently according to the step of the tumor development. Before tumor appearance, at a step characterized by the presence of abnormal cell clusters, relaxation time T2 increased significantly. The T2-weighted image showed a small increase in signal intensity in the lesion. Image contrast was improved by MD3 nanoparticles injection because of the decrease in healthy tissue signal intensity. The Tl-weighted image did not provide any additional information. In presence of a minute tumor, relaxation times decreased in tumor but increased in surrounding tissue. The Tl-weighted image showed a hypersignal on the border of an hyposignal. T2-weighted image showed a hypersignal in the same area. Signal intensity was not modified after MD3 nanoparticles injection. When new vascular capillaries developed in the tumor, MD3 nanoparticles cross into the cerebral parenchyma. Transmission electron microscopy showed magnetite crystals in this specific area on cytoplasm vesicles of glial cells and in tumor-specific membrane arrangements. On T2-weighted image, the hypersignal consisted of a well defined part and a second more fuzzy part, its signal being extinguished after MD3 nanoparticles injection. Necrotic areas and edema can be discriminated. The use of such a superparamagnetic contrast agent would be helpful in early detection of tumor development and in improving distinction of tumor mass from its vascular environment in patients. © 1998 Elsevier Science B.V. All rights reserved.     

电子商务下全球闭环供应链超网络模型

建立了一个由制造商、零售商、消费者与回收商构成的全球闭环供应链超网络均衡模型.回收商回收、处置废弃产品、并将生产出的新产品销售给零售商与消费者.模型中的交易方式包括传统交易与网上交易.考虑有多种交易货币,模型设定了不同货币对基础货币的增值率.首先对各层决策者的行为进行了研究,探计了它们之间的相互作用,又运用变分不等式的...     

Local contrast enhancement and adaptive feature extraction for illumination-invariant face recognition

Recognizing human faces in various lighting conditions is quite a difficult problem. The problem becomes more difficult when face images are taken in extremely high dynamic range scenes. Most of the automatic face recognition systems assume that images are taken under well-controlled illumination. The face segmentation as well as recognition becomes much simpler under such a constrained condition. However, illumination control is not feasible when a surveillance system is installed in any location at will. Without compensating for uneven illumination, it is impossible to get a satisfactory recognition rate. In this paper, we propose an integrated system that first compensates uneven illumination through local contrast enhancement. Then the enhanced images are fed into a robust face recognition system which adaptively selects the most important features among all candidate features and performs classification by support vector machines (SVMs). The dimension of feature space as well as the selected types of features is customized for each hyperplane. Three face image databases, namely Yale, Yale Group B, and Extended Yale Group B, are used to evaluate performance. The experimental result shows that the proposed recognition system give superior results compared to recently published literatures.     

Weighted and extended total variation for image restoration and decomposition

In various information processing tasks obtaining regularized versions of a noisy or corrupted image data is often a prerequisite for successful use of classical image analysis algorithms. Image restoration and decomposition methods need to be robust if they are to be useful in practice. In particular, this property has to be verified in engineering and scientific applications. By robustness, we mean that the performance of an algorithm should not be affected significantly by small deviations from the assumed model. In image processing, total variation (TV) is a powerful tool to increase robustness. In this paper, we define several concepts that are useful in robust restoration and robust decomposition. We propose two extended total variation models, weighted total variation (WTV) and extended total variation (ETV). We state generic approaches. The idea is to replace the TV penalty term with more general terms. The motivation is to increase the robustness of ROF (Rudin, Osher, Fatemi) model and to prevent the staircasing effect due to this method. Moreover, rewriting the non-convex sublinear regularizing terms as WTV, we provide a new approach to perform minimization via the well-known Chambolle's algorithm. The implementation is then more straightforward than the half-quadratic algorithm. The behavior of image decomposition methods is also a challenging problem, which is closely related to anisotropic diffusion. ETV leads to an anisotropic decomposition close to edges improving the robustness. It allows to respect desired geometric properties during the restoration, and to control more precisely the regularization process. We also discuss why compression algorithms can be an objective method to evaluate the image decomposition quality.     

高质量通信信号时频图处理及应用

针对信号监测工作中信号时频图清晰显示重要性的问题,首先介绍了信号时频特征获取,之后进行信号时频图显示处理,利用基于灰度变换图像对比度增强、图像渐变平滑处理、图像的锐化处理的数字图像处理相关算法对信号时频图进行显示处理,并成功的在实践工程中进行了运用,解决了信号时频特征在时频域直观显示的问题,从而能够在时频域上表示出信号...     

设计素描观察能力的培养

观察能力的培养是设计素描训练的基本任务之一。设计素描应以传统素描的观察方法为基础,并更加强调用理性的、逻辑的、创造性的思维方法来观察、认识、分析物象。设计素描的观察方法必须经过由感性到理性的循序渐进的过程。文章通过:1、整体对比的观察。2、宏观与微观的观察。3、不同视点与角度的观察,三个依次渐进的过程来分析设计素描的观察方法。通过分析,希望在设计素描教学中把观察能力的培养提升到一个相当重要的位置。只有这样才能为日后设计专业学习打下良好的设计创意思维基础。