纳米银敷料无菌检查方法

依据《中国药典》2005年版二部附录无菌检查法进行试验,建立适合于纳米银敷料的无菌检查方法。采用直接接种法,对14批纳米银敷料进行无菌方法学验证,结果表明使用规格40mL的培养基、每管培养基接种量为1cm×3cm时,纳米银敷料无明显抑菌作用,可按此方法进行无菌检查。     

The Effect of Castration on Peripheral Autonomic Neurons Supplying Mammalian Male Genitourinary System

This review paper deals with the influence of androgens (testosterone) on pelvic autonomic pathways in male mammals. The vast majority of the relevant information has been gained in experiments involving castration (testosterone deprivation) performed in male rats, and recently, in male pigs. In both species, testosterone significantly affects the biology of the pathway components, including the pelvic neurons. However, there are great differences between rats and pigs in this respect. The most significant alteration is that testosterone deprivation accomplished a few days after birth results some months later in the excessive loss (approximately 90%) of pelvic and urinary bladder trigone intramural neurons in the male pig, while no changes in the number of pelvic neurons are observed in male rats (rats do not have the intramural ganglia). In the castrated pigs, much greater numbers of pelvic neurons than in the non-castrated animals express CGRP, GAL, VIP (peptides known to have neuroprotective properties), and caspase 3, suggesting that neurons die due to apoptosis triggered by androgen deprivation. In contrast, only some morpho-electrophysiological changes affecting neurons following castration are found in male rats. Certain clinicopathological consequences of testosterone deprivation for the functioning of urogenital organs are also discussed.     

鸸鹋蛋壳粉对应激小鼠性功能和幼龄小鼠精子活性的影响

目的:观察国产鸸鹋蛋壳粉对应激小鼠性功能及幼龄小鼠精子活性的影响.方法:以重复电刺激复制应激小鼠性行为障碍模型,观察雄性小鼠的交配能力.给正常幼龄雄性小鼠连续服药21d后检测其精子密度和精子活动率.结果:鸸鹋蛋壳粉对电刺激应激诱发的雄性小鼠性功能障碍有促进恢复作用,能增加交配次数,缩短交配潜伏时间,并能提高未成年雄性小鼠的精子活动率.结论:国产鸸鹋蛋壳粉具有增强雄性小鼠性功能,提高小鼠精子活性的作用.     

饲喂仿刺参性腺对小鼠免疫功能的调节作用

以仿刺参雌、雄性腺冻干粉为原料,对其基本营养组分和主要功效成分进行测定,采用小鼠饲喂实验,考察仿刺参性腺在小鼠免疫功能调节方面的作用。结果表明:仿刺参雌、雄性腺富含营养和功效成分,其中雄性性腺蛋白质含量高达74.54 g/100 g,显著高于仿刺参体壁(P<0.05),雌性性腺中海参多糖含量与体壁相当,而海参皂苷含量高达4.77 g/100 g,是体壁的10倍以上;与对照组相比,饲喂仿刺参性腺可显著增加小鼠的胸腺指数和脾脏指数,提高自然杀伤细胞活性,尤其是饲喂雄性性腺的小鼠,自然杀伤细胞活性率升高到(47.19±4.99)%,血清中白细胞介素-6含量为(209.75±24.82) pg/mL,血清和肝脏中乳酸脱氢酶、超氧化物歧化酶活力均有所提升,肝脏中丙二醛含量降低至(1.98±0.25) nmol/mg。由此可知,饲喂仿刺参性腺可提高小鼠的免疫机能,且饲喂雄性性腺的作用更加明显。     

日本の寒地，北海道における2030年代の水稲生育への温暖化の影響予測とその対応(日语原文)

北海道では1980年代から2010年代まで，水稲圃場栽培期間である5–9月の気温は年代とともに上昇した。そこで，直近の2010年代（2010—2019年平均）と比べて， 2つの2030年代の予測気象から，既報の関係式より水稲生育を予測した。その結果，2030年代では2010年代に比べ，限界移植日（移植早限）が水稲栽培17地域の平均で8～9日早い。また，早限出穂期が1～5日早く，晩限出穂期が1～5日遅く，安全出穂期間が2～10日長い。出穂期は1～3日早い。出穂期から晩限出穂まで2～9日長いため，遅延型冷害の発生がやや少ない。生育期別気象は，出穂前24日以降30日間では生育が早いため平均気温が同じかやや低い。出穂前10日以降40日間および出穂期以降40日間では平均気温がやや高く，日射量はやや少ない。そのため，玄米収量は96～98％とやや低く，潜在収量性を示す気候登熟量示数は同じである。障害不稔発生に関係する穂ばらみ期冷害危険期の平均気温はわずかに低いかほぼ同じであるため，冷害発生の危険性は残る。一方，不稔発生をもたらす低温域の出現頻度には，地域間で差異がある。精米蛋白質含有率は同じであるが，アミロース含有率はやや低く，やや良食味である。米粒外観品質では被害粒歩合と着色粒歩合は一定の傾向がなく，未熟粒歩合はやや高い。精米白度は同じであるが，玄米白度はやや高い。以上の予測に対する技術的対応方向を示した。     

Preferences for tastes paired with recovery from thiamine deficiency in rats: Appetitive conditioning or learned safety?

Conducted a study of 80 male Sprague-Dawley rats to investigate earlier findings that rats develop learned preferences for flavors paired with recovery from vitamin deficiencies. Results show that thiamine deficient Ss preferred flavors paired with recovery from deficiency to other familiar flavors, suggesting that part of the preference for flavors paired with recovery was the result of appetitive conditioning. Data are discussed in relation to "learned safety," specific hungers, illness-induced neophobia, and other phenomena in the taste-aversion literature. (16 ref) (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2010 APA, all rights reserved)     

Quantitative and temporal analysis of effects of twospotted spider mite (acari: Tetranychidae) female sex pheromone on male guarding behavior

Responses of male twospotted spider mite,Tetranychus urticae (Koch), to female sex pheromone were described by a glass slide bioassay and computerized pathway digitizer. Pheromone was extracted from quiescent deutonymphs and fractionated by HPLC, and responses of guarding males to each fraction, all fractions combined, unfractionated extract, and a hexane control were bioassayed for 6 min. Mean angular velocities, linear velocities, percent time stationary, and distance from the 3-mm-diameter treatment circle were calculated for each mite at 20-sec intervals and these behavioral parameters regressed on time. Analysis of variance of regression-equation intercepts showed that no differences in initial male angular velocities were observed among treatments, but initial linear velocities were greater in response to all fractions combined and to extract than to individual fractions, and greater in response to individual fractions than to the control. Angular velocities decreased and linear velocities increased more rapidly in response to individual fractions than to all fractions combined and extract, while males turned preferentially in one direction and were stationary (no displacement) more often in response to all-fraction combinations than to individual fractions and the control. Significant differences were observed among the parameter values elicited by individual fractions, suggesting that active fractions differed qualitatively. The described changes in movement parameters show that maleT. urticae response to presence of pheromone occurs almost immediately, and that multiple pheromonal components are necessary to elicit maximum male response. The overall effect of pheromonal components was to decrease the rate at which males moved away from the treatment cycle, thereby causing male arrestment.     

Identification of a Sex Pheromone From Male Yellow MealWorm Beetles, <Emphasis Type="Italic">Tenebrio molitor</Emphasis>

The sex pheromone released by the adult female Tenebrio molitor, 4-methyl-1-nonanol, is well known. In addition, there is evidence that adult males release a pheromone that attracts females. The purpose of the present study was to isolate and identify male-released pheromone(s). Emissions from virgin adult males and females were collected on filter paper and extracted with pentane. Extracts were analyzed by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry. One male-specific compound was detected and identified as (Z)-3-dodecenyl acetate (Z3-12:Ac). In arena bioassays, E3-12:Ac was attractive to females only, at 1 and 10 μg doses. E3-12:Ac was also attractive to females at a 10-μg dose. The presence of both male and female pheromones, each attracting the opposite sex, may contribute to maintaining a high-density population of both sexes.     

宁波市农民工子弟学校体育教育现状与对策研究

我市从2000年设立公办、民办、国有民办和在公办学校随班就读等多种方式,积极创办民工子弟学校,满足了民工子弟入学和接受教育的需要[2]。但是政府基本对民办农民工子弟学校不补贴,属于低投入低成本运行,导致我市的大多数农民工子弟学校的办学条件简陋,学校基础设施差,体育设施缺乏,学生开展体育活动的场地不足。为此,本文提出了应加强农民工子弟学校体育教师的队伍建设,加大社会对农民工子弟学校体育教学的关注等措施。     

西部地区男大学生下体特征指标研究

为了提高西部地区男大学生裤装的合体性和舒适性,利用非接触式三维人体扫描仪对233名年龄在18-25岁的西部男大学生进行数据采集,对这些数据统计分析,提取了五大因子和能够全面反映男大学生下体体型特征的15个特征指标,为裤装纸样设计提供技术基础．