国产化芳烃联合装置能耗优化分析

中国石化自主开发的芳烃生产成套技术已成功实现600 kt/a和1 000 kt/a规模大型化工业应用,打破了国外技术长期垄断,在节能环保方面实现大幅提升和改进。通过对两套国产化芳烃联合装置中的二甲苯装置的能耗、原料、热联合、低温热利用以及催化剂、吸附剂使用等方面对比,分析降低二甲苯装置能耗的方法及措施。结果表明：增强二甲苯装置的热联合利用水平,通过物料间直接换热可提升热利用效率;装置低温余热回收后可发生蒸汽或产生热媒水,优先用于压缩机动力驱动介质,其余用于自产发电,可尽可能减少或避免使用外供蒸汽;使用新一代高性能催化剂和吸附剂等措施,均可有效降低二甲苯装置综合能耗,增加装置效益。     

Ga、P改性对辛烷值助剂芳构化性能的影响

采用金属Ga以及P元素对辛烷值助剂进行改性,并采用一系列方法对催化剂进行表征,同时采用固定流化床装置对催化剂进行性能评价,考察金属Ga以及P元素对催化剂物化性质和对汽油芳烃选择性的影响。结果表明：采用金属Ga改性催化剂后,可以提高催化剂的芳构化能力,有利于汽油辛烷值的提高;在金属Ga改性催化剂中再引入P元素后,P与金属Ga发生相互作用,减弱了催化剂的芳构化能力,但是催化剂B酸中心增加,有利于提高产物的低碳烯烃选择性。     

离子液体1-己基-4-甲基吡啶四氟硼酸盐与烃类的相互作用规律

为研究离子液体1-己基-4-甲基吡啶四氟硼酸盐([C6MPy][BF4])与烃类之间的相互作用规律,考察了[C6MPy][BF4]对不同结构C10烃类的溶解能力,讨论了该离子液体对不同C10芳烃的选择性;并用Gaussian软件和密度泛函理论计算了[C6MPy][BF4]与不同芳烃混合后的优化构象和离子对作用能,探讨了...     

Industrial Production of Catalyst for Removing Trace Olefins from Aromatics

A novel additive incorporated into the catalyst for removing trace olefins from aromatics was proposed, and under the laboratory conditions the lifetime of the catalyst was increased from 5 h to 8 h upon specifying the conversion of the olefins equating to more than 55% as a criterion. Catalyst production, which was named ROC, has been successfully scaled up from laboratory formulations to commercial scale manufacture and over 100 tons of catalyst had been produced. The superiority in catalytic activity was identified by the evaluation tests of the ROC catalyst based on whatever kind of feedstocks (with their bromine index ranging from 400 mgBr/100g to 1 200 mgBr/100g) being used as the feedstock. The X-ray diffraction patterns had verified that the additive was highly dispersed on the surface of catalyst; the GC-FID analysis results showed that the ROC catalyst could increase the xylene content; the pyridine-FTIR spectroscopic analyses suggested that the additive could increase the amount of the weak L acids, which was the main cause leading to enhancement of the catalyst activity.     

Utilization of Coal as a Source of Chemicals

Abstract

Coal consists carbon-based substances can be used as a source of specialty aromatic chemicals and aliphatic chemicals. Four widespread processes allow for making chemicals from coals: gasification, liquefaction, direct conversion, and co-production of chemicals and fuels along with electricity. Coal is gasified to produce synthesis gas (syngas) with a gasifier which is then converted to parafinic liquid fuels and chemicals by Fischer-Trops synthesis. Liquid product from coal gasification mainly contains benzene, toluene, xylene (BTX), phenols, alkylphenols, and cresol. Methanol is made using coal or syngas with hydrogen and carbon monoxide in a 2 to 1 ratio. Coal-derived methanol has many preferable properties as it is free of sulfur and other impurities. Syngas from coal can be reformed to hydrogen. Ammonium sulfate from coal tar by pyrolysis can be converted to ammonia. The humus substances can be recovered from brown coal by alkali extraction.     

改性HZSM—5沸石对甲醇转化反应的影响

本文采用尾气色谱系统,以 HZSM-5沸石和用 Fe,K 及γ-Al_2O_3改性的 HZSM-5沸石为催化剂,考察它对甲醇转化为低碳烯烃和芳烃的反应性能.结果表明,以 HZSM-5/γ-Al_2O_3复合催化剂的活性和选择性最好,总烯烃收率达到81.2%,其中乙烯收率为43.81%.用电导法测定了 HZSM-5/γ-Al_2O_3沸石表面酸性,初步探讨甲醇转化反应与催化剂表面酸性的联系.此外,研究了反应温度、系统压力、空速和反应器段数对甲醇转化反应产物组成的影响.     

Mo在NiO/Al2O3-TiO2催化剂中助催化作用的研究

采用引入钼组分的办法，调变NiO-TiO2-Al2O3体系的性能。TPR结果发现，含Mo催化剂产生了还原性能不同的多种镍原子位。当n（Ni）：n（Mo）=3．04时，形成了3个还原峰：峰Ⅰ为362．5℃，与纯NiO的最高还原峰接近；峰Ⅱ位于482．1～491．6℃之间，与NiO-TiO2-Al2O3催化剂tm为483．4℃接近，峰形都比较宽；在430．2℃还存在1个还原态（峰Ⅲ），说明骨架内作用的复杂性。可以推测，催化剂中加入Mo后，减弱了Ni与载体之间的相互作用力，生成了容易被还原的，类似于纯NiO样品的Ni原子位。同时，Mo的引入增加了NiO-TiO2-Al2O3催化剂的氢化学吸附量。在Mo含量较低时，即当n（Ni）：n（Mo）=5．22和9．47时，表面镍原子浓度不高，耗氢量也低于粉状纯NiO催化剂的。随着Mo含量的增加，当n（Ni）：n（Mo）=3．69和3．04时，表面镍原子浓度高，单位质量金属镍的耗氢量远高于其它样品。证明Mo的突出作用是提高了催化剂中活性组分镍的分散度。高钼的NiO—MoO3-TiO2-Al2O3型催化剂的选择性加氢脱芳烃精制煤油的芳烃含量平均低于200μg／g，所用的反应条件是，反应温度180℃，压力1．2MPa，LHSV2．0h^-1，氢油体积比500：1。表明n（Ni）：n（Mo）=3．04～5．22的NiO-MoO3-TiO2-Al2O3型催化剂的加氢脱芳烃性能满足煤油脱芳烃和除味的要求。     

近红外分析实验室模型的评价——在汽油管道自动调合的应用

采用近红外光谱技术的偏最小二乘法建立了汽油调合组分和产品汽油（90、93、97号）辛烷值、组成等性质的实验室模型，并用常规方法分析样品验证模型的准确性和稳定性。实验表明，其准确性达到标准方法对测定结果的要求。近红外光谱技术能在5min内快速、准确测定调合组分汽油和成品汽油的辛烷值、芳烃、烯烃、苯等性质。     

The Aromatization Properties of Nano-HZSM-5 Catalyst

In this article, the influence of reaction conditions on the aromatization over nano-HZSM-5 zeolite catalyst was investigated. The experimental results showed that nano-HZSM-5 catalyst has the best aromatization properties under the optimal conditions: reaction temperature 430°C, reaction pressure 0.3 MPa, and liquid hourly space velocity 1 h^-1. At the optimal operational conditions, the conversion of olefins in the feedstock was 76.15%. Aromatics yield and the content of olefins, content of aromatics, and content of isoparaffins in liquid product were up to 84.98%, 12.11%, 39.58%, and 35.23%, respectively.     

Shape Selective Chemistries with Modified Mordenite Zeolites

This is a review of work carried at Dow Chemical on the design and characterization of novel mordenite catalysts with a unique micro and meso-porous structure characterized by a variety of methods including, TEM, BET surface area and pore size distribution, and n-decane hydro-conversion. The catalytic performance of these catalysts in shape selective reactions is illustrated with results from n-decane hydro-conversion and applications to alkylation and trans-alkylation reactions of mono and polynuclear aromatic hydrocarbons and other chemistries. Juan M. Garcés and G. John Lee both retired from The Dow Chemical Company.