芳烃对柴油超深度加氢脱硫的影响

察了芳烃对柴油超深度加氢脱硫（HDS）反应的影响。通过在实际油品中添加甲苯和萘,得到硫含量、氮含量和芳烃含量相同,而芳烃类型不同的2种加氢原料,采用NiW/Al2O3和CoMo/Al2O3催化剂分别进行超深度加氢脱硫实验。利用分子模拟技术计算了真实油品中典型的硫化物（DBT和4〖DK〗,6 DMDBT）以及甲苯和萘在NiW/Al2O3和CoMo/Al2O3催化剂表面的吸附热（Ea）。结果表明,由于芳烃与4 MDBT、 4〖DK〗,6 DMDBT类化合物在催化剂上的竞争吸附和吸附能的差异,在NiW/Al2O3和CoMo/Al2O3催化剂催化作用下,双环芳烃对柴油超深度加氢脱硫反应的抑制作用均强于单环芳烃;芳烃对以NiW/Al2O3为催化剂的柴油超深度加氢脱硫反应速率的影响强于其对以CoMo/Al2O3为催化剂的柴油超深度加氢脱硫反应速率的影响。     

离子液体支撑液膜用于分离混合芳烃的研究

利用不同离子液体制备离子液体"充填型"支撑液膜,将其用于混合芳烃中对二甲苯的蒸汽渗透膜分离实验,比较了不同离子液体、不同支撑底膜、原料中对二甲苯的含量、操作温度等因素对分离性能的影响。结果表明,在40℃温度下,[Bmim][BF4]填充PVDF膜形成的支撑液膜对对二甲苯体积分数为60%的混合芳烃渗透通量为59.5 g/(m2·h),分离因子达16.5;经过90 h的实验测定,支撑液膜分离性能稳定。离子液体支撑液膜的蒸汽渗透过程能够实现从混合芳烃中将对二甲苯分离。     

The Effect of Metal Introduced Over ZSM-5 Zeolite for C9 Heavy Aromatics Hydrodealkylation

Abstract

Five different (Bi, Ni, Mo, Pt, H)/ZSM-5 catalysts were tested for hydrodealkylation (HDA), isomerisation, dehydrogenated, cyclistion, and poly-alkyl-aromatics activities. Experiments were performed in a fixed-bed microreactor between 300°C and 420°C, at a total pressure of 0.8 MPa and a liquid hourly space velocity of 1.0 h^?1. Pt (Mo)/ZSM-5 catalysts enhanced activity in terms of better balance between metal nanoparticles formed and acid sites. Pt-loading catalysts were the best overall catalysts, producing high C₉ alkyl-aromatics (isopropylbenzene) conversion (95.9%), high HDA selectivity (92.2%), and relatively low reaction temperature. Mo-loading catalysts, despite producing the high conversion, required the higher reaction temperatures.     

温和条件下碳氢单键直接官能团化的新方法

介绍了近年来国内外在温和条件下碳氢单键直接官能团化反应的最新进展。官能团化反应的特点是，在常温常压和紫外光促进下，用过渡金属配合物催化碳氢单链活化，使烷烃、芳烃等烃类的碳氢单键直接官能团化，从而达到直接利用各种烷烃及芳烃作为化工原料合成有机化工产品的目的。通过紫外光催化可以使反应在常温常压下进行，能克服传统工艺能耗高、选择性差的缺陷。经不断深入研究，该反应可望在２１世纪成为环境友好的有机合成工艺。     

液化气生产芳烃技术工业化应用研究

液化气生产芳烃技术,采用两炉四反,连续操作,经气分装置提取丙烯后的催化裂化液化石油气,经脱水、换热后,经原料加热炉加热至一定温度,在特定催化剂的作用下发生芳构化反应,反应产物不用抽提,直接分馏得到产品苯、甲苯、二甲苯及少量混合重芳。经多次试验和改造,已建成10万t／a工业示范装置,通过生产实践和操作参数调整,摸索出一套完整的数据,生产出合格的芳烃产品,达到设计要求。本技术开辟了芳烃生产新途径。     

苯与重芳烃烷基转移反应工艺研究

在FTH-2催化剂上,考察反应原料物质的量比、反应温度和液体原料空速对苯与二异丙苯及以三异丙苯为主的重芳烃烷基转移反应的影响。结果表明,苯与二异丙苯烷基转移反应较适宜的条件为:n(苯)∶n(二异丙苯)=10,反应温度215℃,反应压力3.0 MPa,空速5 h-1,此条件下,二异丙苯转化率和异丙苯选择性分别约为94%和98%;苯与重芳烃混合液烷基转移反应较适宜的条件为:n(苯)∶n(三异丙苯)=18,反应温度280℃,反应压力3.0 MPa,空速5 h-1,此条件下,三异丙苯转化率、异丙苯选择性和二异丙苯选择性分别约为75%、64%和31%。     

新建芳烃项目面临的问题及应对措施建议

分析了某公司新建80万吨/年芳烃装置设计施工中需要考虑的问题,建议通过选择先进技术、优化设计、改造现有装置、解决公用工程需求、制定长周期设备采购进度计划、完善大件设备制造和运输方案等应对措施,保障新建芳烃装置需求,实现企业的资源、能源优化利用。     

焦炉煤气经甲醇生产芳烃研究

我国焦化产业每年副产大量焦炉煤气。从市场前景、技术进展以及效益分析等方面对焦炉煤气经甲醇生产芳烃进行了阐述,为发展绿色、健康、可持续的焦化产业提供了一条新途径。     

Where and how shape selectivity of molecular sieves operates in refining and petrochemistry catalytic processes

Zeolites play an important role in many catalytic processes of modern refining and petrochemistry. Their shape selectivity is always a key factor and here we look at the ways it operates in the principal processes either industrialized or with a good industrial potential: cracking, hydrocracking, isomerization of short or long paraffins and of butene, aromatic transformations by isomerization, disproportionation/transalkylation, and alkylations. This revised version was published online in June 2006 with corrections to the Cover Date.     

Utilization of Coal as a Source of Chemicals

Abstract

Coal consists carbon-based substances can be used as a source of specialty aromatic chemicals and aliphatic chemicals. Four widespread processes allow for making chemicals from coals: gasification, liquefaction, direct conversion, and co-production of chemicals and fuels along with electricity. Coal is gasified to produce synthesis gas (syngas) with a gasifier which is then converted to parafinic liquid fuels and chemicals by Fischer-Trops synthesis. Liquid product from coal gasification mainly contains benzene, toluene, xylene (BTX), phenols, alkylphenols, and cresol. Methanol is made using coal or syngas with hydrogen and carbon monoxide in a 2 to 1 ratio. Coal-derived methanol has many preferable properties as it is free of sulfur and other impurities. Syngas from coal can be reformed to hydrogen. Ammonium sulfate from coal tar by pyrolysis can be converted to ammonia. The humus substances can be recovered from brown coal by alkali extraction.