碳酸二乙酯在正庚烷和空气中质扩散系数测量

利用自行搭建的数字激光全息干涉法测量流体液液、气液质扩散系数的实验装置,在标准大气压下,温度在278.15—338.15 K内,测量了含氧替代燃料碳酸二乙酯分别在正庚烷和空气中21个温度点的质扩散系数;同时,使用Wilke-chang方程、Scheibel方程和Reddy-Doraiswamy方程对碳酸二乙酯在正庚烷中的质扩散系数进行了估算,并与实验数据进行了比较分析。为替代燃料碳酸二乙酯的科研开发提供了热物性基础数据。     

3-乙基-2-羟基-2-环戊烯-1-酮的合成研究

以正丁酸乙酯和草酸二乙酯为主要原料,合成了香料化合物3-乙基-2-羟基-2-环戊烯-1-酮。首先由正丁酸乙酯和草酸二乙酯经Claisen缩合生成2-乙基-3-羰基-丁二酸乙酯,其与丙烯酸乙酯发生Michael加成,随后Dieckmann酯缩合得到5-乙基-3,5-二乙酯基-2-羟基-2-环戊烯-1-酮,然后经水解脱羧获得3-乙基-2-羟基-2-环戊烯-1-酮。初步考察并优化了各步反应的工艺条件,产品总收率达44.46%。     

CO气相偶联制草酸二乙酯工艺流程模拟

采用流程模拟软件PRO/II,对一氧化碳与亚硝酸乙酯合成草酸二乙酯工艺过程进行模拟。建立了工业过程设计详细流程,提供了模拟使用的主要物性参数、动力学模型及流程数据及其来源。流程模拟计算结果与实际生产数据吻合证明了模拟的可靠性。模拟考察了一氧化氮再生反应设计转化率对主要过程参数,如循环比、放空气中一氧化氮含量及乙醇补充量的影响。结果表明提高再生过程一氧化氮设计转化率,可以降低循环比,提高偶联过程CO的转化率,但亚硝酸乙酯利用率下降,乙醇补充量需相应提高。再生反应器较为适宜设计条件为:一氧化氮再生转化率为(92±2)%,压力为101.3～150kPa及温度为(308±2)K。     

Preparation of aluminum diethyl hypophosphite intercalation-modified montmorillonite AlPi-MMT and its effect on the flame retardancy and smoke suppression of thermoplastic polyester elastomer

An aluminum diethyl hypophosphite intercalation-modified montmorillonite flame retardant (AlPi-MMT) is successfully prepared and characterized by FT-IR, SEM, and X-ray diffraction. It is found that thermoplastic polyester elastomer (TPEE) composites incorporating 15 wt% AlPi-MMT flame retardant exhibited better char formation and flame retardant properties compared to those incorporating 15 wt% (4:1, w:w) AlPi and MMT. And the char residual of TPEE/AlPi-MMT at 700°C is 16.17%, which is higher than that of TPEE/AlPi-MMT at 13.94%. and the former can pass UL-94 V-0 rating test while the latter can only pass UL-94 V-1 rating test. Afterwards, the combustion performance of TPEE composites is characterized, and it is found that the heat release and smoke release of TPEE/AlPi-MMT are greatly reduced compared with those of pure TPEE and TPEE/AlPi/MMT, which is a flame retardant and smoke suppressant TPEE composite. Finally, by analyzing the residual char morphology and elements of TPEE composites after combustion, the mechanism of the flame retardant AlPi-MMT to promote char formation and flame retardancy is demonstrated.     

高纯度大豆粉末磷脂的制取新工艺研究

用两种溶剂，两次浸出新工艺制取高屯度粉末磷脂，先将溶有大磷脂，大豆油及脂肪酸的己烷溶液蒸馏，蒸出己烷溶剂后，再用丙酮将油及脂肪酸萃取出去，余下高纯度粉末磷脂。     

CFD modeling of gas flow in porous medium and catalytic coupling reaction from carbon monoxide to diethyl oxalate in fixed-bed reactors

A comprehensive two-dimensional heterogeneous reactor model was developed to simulate the flow behavior and catalytic coupling reaction of carbon monoxide (CO)–diethyl oxalate (DEO) in a fixed-bed reactor. The two-temperature porous medium model, which was revised from a one-temperature porous medium model, as well as one equation turbulent model, and exponent-function kinetic model was constructed for the turbulent velocity scale comparing with laminar flow and simulation of the catalytic coupling reaction. The simulation results were in good agreement with the actual data collected from certain pilot-plant fixed bed reactors in China. Based on the validated approach and models, the distributions of reaction parameters such as temperature and component concentrations in the reactor were analyzed. The simulations were then carried out to understand the effects of operating conditions on the reactor performance which showed that the conduction oil temperature in the reactor jacket and the CO concentration are the key impact factors for the reactor performance.     

Predication of Atmospheric VLE for the Binary System Diethyl Oxalate-Ethanol by Using Visual Basic

The atmospheric vapor-liquid equilibrium system of diethyl oxalate-ethanol was reproduced through the visual basic ( VB6.0) computer language by using the Wilson, NRTL and the UNIFAC equation . The results of the three methods are all that could be desired. The calculated results of three different models are in perfect agreement with experiment data. The calculated results of UN1FAC equation is the optimum in several models . So the results can be used for chemical engineering calculation.     

N,N‐dichloro poly(styrene‐co‐divinyl benzene) sulfonamide polymeric beads: An efficient and recyclable decontaminating reagent for O,S‐diethyl methyl phosphonothiolate,a simulant of VX

An efficient and operationally simple method is developed for chemical decontamination of simulant of VX. A new chlorine bearing reagent N,N‐dichloro poly(styrene‐co‐divinyl benzene) sulfonamide was developed to deactivate the simulant of VX in aqueous medium. This decontamination reaction was monitored by gas chromatography (GC), and the products were analyzed by gas chromatography‐mass spectrometry (GC‐MS). This reagent has advantage over earlier reported reagents in terms of effectiveness, stability, nontoxicity, cost, ease of synthesis, recyclablity (collected after filtration, rechlorinated, and used for further reaction), and decontamination of simulant of VX to give single nontoxic product at room temperature. © 2011 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci, 2011     

New polymer electrolytes based on ether sulfate anions for lithium polymer batteries: Part I. Multifunctional ionomers: Conductivity and electrochemical stability

New lithium conducting ionomers based on commercial polyethers were synthesized by chemical modification in order to incorporate not only the anionic function on the polymer backbone but also polar aprotic and (or) protic groups improving both the salt dissociation and the anion-solvating ability of the multifunctional copolymers. The choice of environmentally friendly rather than perfluorinated anionic functions did not appear to compromise for the ionic conductivity. Lastly, the preliminary results on the use of an electrochemically stable and relatively cheap additive sparteine appear promising and could be generalized to a variety of polymer electrolytes for lithium batteries.     

Synthesis of polyacrylonitrile via reverse atom transfer radial polymerization (ATRP) initiated by diethyl 2,3‐dicyano‐2,3‐diphenylsuccinate,FeCl3, and triphenylphosphine

The reverse atom transfer radical polymerization (RATRP) technique using FeCl₃/triphenyl‐phosphine (PPh₃) complex as a catalyst was applied to the living radical polymerization of acrylonitrile (AN). A hexa‐substituted ethane thermal iniferter, diethyl 2,3‐dicyano‐2,3‐diphenylsuccinate (DCDPS), was first used as the initiator in this iron‐based RATRP initiation system. A FeCl₃ to PPh₃ ratio of 1:3 not only gives the best control of molecular weight and its distribution but also provides a rather rapid reaction rate. The rate of polymerization increases with increasing the polymerization temperature and the apparent activation energy was calculated to be 54.9 kJ mol^?1. Because the polymers obtained were end‐functionalized by chlorine atoms, they were used as macro‐initiators to proceed the chain extension polymerization in the presence of an FeCl₂/PPh₃ catalyst system via a conventional ATRP process. Copyright © 2005 Society of Chemical Industry