Optimisation of metallic pigments in coatings by an electrochemical technique and an investigation of manganese powder as pigment for metal rich primers

Zinc dust and manganese powder as pigments were incorporated in epoxy-polyamide and butyl titanate medium, with different pigment volume concentration (PVC) ranging from 20 to 74. These protective coatings were coated on sand blasted mild steel substrates and immersed in 3 wt.% sodium chloride solution and the corrosion current was measured by the Tafel extrapolation method. From the corrosion current produced by these primers, the optimum level of the pigments in these binders was identified. Thus the protective performance of optimised primers was evaluated on a sand blasted mild steel surface by the Tafel polarisation method in 3 wt.% sodium chloride solution, over different periods of time. The results were found to be comparable with the salt spray test and galvanic current measurements. The manganese powder used for this investigation showed that it could be used as an alternative to zinc powder for metal rich primers.     

高砂比压裂技术研究

应用由美国ＮＳＩ公司引进的“ｓｔｉｍｐｌａｎ”拟三维压裂设计软件，对影响裂缝内支撑剂铺置浓度的诸因素进行了灰色关联度分析，从中找出了主要的影响因素。并以高砂比压裂的技术指标为依据，研究了在目前压裂工艺水平下，进行高砂比压裂所必须遵循的原则。文中还对国内的高砂比压裂进行了实例分析，进一步论证了文中的观点。     

Solubilization of unilamellar liposomes by betaine-type zwitterionic/anionic surfactant systems

The mechanisms governing the solubilizing interactions between zwitterionic/anionic mixed surfactant systems at different molar fractions of the zwitterionic surfactant (X_zwitter) and neutral or electrically charged unilamellar liposomes were investigated. The mixed systems were formed by N-dodecyl-N,N-dimethylbetaine and sodium dodecyl sulfate in the presence of piperazine-1,4-bis-(2-ethanesulfonic acid) buffer at pH 7.20. Unilamellar liposomes formed by egg phosphatidylcholine, in some cases together with stearylamine or phosphatidic acid, were used. Solubilization was detected as a decrease in static light-scattering of liposomes. Two parameters were regarded as corresponding to the effective surfactant/lipid molar ratios (Re) at which the surfactant system (i) saturated the liposomes, Re_sat, and (ii) led to a total solubilization of liposomes, Re_sol. From these parameters the bilayer/aqueous medium surfactant partition coefficients for the saturation (K_sat) and complete bilayer solubilization (K_sol) were determined. When X_zwitter was 0.40, The Re and K parameters showed a maximum, whereas the critical micellar concentration (CMC) of these systems exhibited a minimum, regardless of the electrical charge of bilayers. Given that the ability of the surfactant systems to saturate or solubilize liposomes is inversely related to the Re_sat and Re_sol parameters, these capacities appear to be directly correlated with the CMC of the mixed systems. The similarity of both K_sat and K_sol (particularly for X_zwitter=0.2–0.8) suggests that a similar partition equilibrium governs both the saturation and the complete solubilization of bilayers, the free surfactant concentration (S_a,S_b), remaining almost constant with similar values to the CMC for each mixed system studied.     

T型薄壁管节点应力集中系数有限元分析

通过有限元的方法,分析了T型薄壁管节点受平面内弯矩作用下的疲劳行为,得到了应力最大值的位置和拟合出用于预测T型薄壁管节点受平面内弯矩作用下的应力集中系数的参数公式。     

非牛顿流体在气液搅拌槽内强制流动传热特征研究

为了确定非牛顿流体气流搅拌流动传热特征，对气体有效分散区域（载点）提出了无因次准数关联式，并就两种不同叶轮搅拌的通气管外传热系数作了比较。     

Stress concentration and fatigue of profiled reinforcing steels

Stress concentrations arise from profiles of ribbed reinforcing steel bars and in this study the results of calculated stress concentration factors (SCF), by using finite element method, are related to the fatigue test results. It is apparent that the degree of confinement of a ribbed bar embedded in concrete not only affects the magnitude of the ultimate bond stress but also the bond stress-slip relation. Thus the rib geometry or profile pattern is designed for optimum bond characteristics and not for fatigue considerations. However the rib geometry influences the fatigue performance through the SCFs arising from the root radius, width and flank angles of the profiles. It is shown that these latter factors have a significant influence on the fatigue behaviour of reinforcing steel bars.     

基于类间分散度和类内集中度的文本特征选择。

特征选择是文本分类的关键步骤之一,所选特征子集的优劣直接影响文本分类的结果。论文首先定义了两种特征分类能力：一种是特征对类间文档的分散程度,该分散度越大越好;另一种是特征对类内文档的聚集程度,该集中度越大越好。然后把这两种特征影响度有机地结合起来设计了一个新的特征选择方法,该方法能够对所选特征进行综合考虑,从而使获得的特征集具有较好的代表性。仿真实验表明所提特征选择方法在一定程度上能够提高文本分类性能。     

关于新建炉EDTA低浓度清洗的探讨

阐述了EDTA清洗锅炉的基本原理,低浓度清洗新建炉的工艺、方法及控制要点,EDTA低浓度清洗与协调EDTA清洗的经济性比较,为新建炉EDTA低浓度清洗探索了方向。     

水电水利工程压力钢管灌浆孔应力集中敏感性因素研究

水电水利工程压力钢管开孔灌浆后,需对灌浆孔严密封堵,处理不好会对工程安全运行留下隐患。在总结国内外灌浆孔常用封堵方案基础上,以某水电站地下埋管为例,建立平面有限元模型,分析其灌浆开孔后管壁应力集中现象,研究了补强板厚度及堵头坡口深度对压力钢管灌浆孔应力集中的敏感性。结果表明,应力集中程度随补强板厚度及堵头坡口深度增加递减,堵头坡口深度对其影响更加敏感。对于地下埋管管壁上开灌浆孔的非高强钢,建议灌浆后孔口进行封堵,补强板厚度宜与钢管壁厚相同,并适当增加坡口深度。当钢管壁厚较大时,堵头坡口深度宜不小于钢管壁厚的1/4~1/3。     

MICP技术改性膨胀土试验研究

为了探究膨胀土新型改良技术,引进微生物诱导碳酸钙沉淀(MICP)新型环保的土体加固技术,利用巴氏芽孢八叠球菌开展MICP压力灌浆改性膨胀土室内试验,研究了胶结液浓度对膨胀土力学性能、微观结构及水理特性的影响,揭示了MICP技术改性膨胀土的作用机理,评价了MICP压力灌浆改性膨胀土试验的效果。试验结果表明:灌浆处理后试样的无侧限抗压强度最大增加了379.4%,土体刚度也有所提高;试样的膨胀性、渗透性均有明显改善,膨胀力最高可减少25.3 kPa,渗透系数最大减少3个数量级;试验改性效果随着胶结液浓度的增大而提高,但当胶结液浓度增大到一定程度后,改性效果不再显著。研究成果验证了MICP技术用于改性膨胀土的有效性和可行性。