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21.
采用NaOH溶液对棉纤维进行处理.通过X射线衍射研究了不同碱处理条件下棉纤维的晶面结构变化,表征了棉纤维的结晶度和晶粒尺寸.考察了碱处理棉纤维在LiCl/DMAc中的溶解性和溶解稳定性.结果表明碱处理后,棉纤维的晶面结构明显变化,棉纤维衍射峰发生明显的变化,结晶度和晶粒尺寸也有变化,且随碱的质量分数的变化非常明显,而处... 相似文献
22.
为了解决钢铁渣粉溶解性差所引起的活性低的问题,研究了三乙醇胺( TEA)、三异丙醇胺( TIPA)和二乙醇单异丙醇胺( DEIPA)对钢铁渣粉在碱性环境下溶解的影响规律,通过电导率仪、酸度计、电感耦合等离子体原子发射光谱仪( inductively coupled plasma atomic emission spectroscopy,ICP-AES)和八通道微量热仪对钢铁渣粉的溶解特性进行了表征。结果表明:多元醇胺降低了钢铁渣粉液相的pH并提高了液相电导率,主要表现为增加了液相中Fe、Ca、Al元素的质量浓度,其中TEA和DEIPA的影响效果大于TIPA;多元醇胺提高了钢铁渣粉早期的溶解热和最大水化热峰值,进一步证实了多元醇胺对钢铁渣粉具有增溶作用。 相似文献
23.
The dissolution mechanism of hemimorphite in NH3-(NH4)2SO4-H2O system at 298.15 K was investigated by X-ray powder diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) analysis. The results show that hemimorphite is soluble in NH3-(NH4)2SO4-H2O system and its residue exists in the form of an amorphous SiO2 layer on the hemimorphite surface. The XPS data also indicate that the Si 2p3/2 and O ls spectra of the hemimorphite are broadened and shift to higher binding energies and their binding energies are closer to silica with an increase of total ammonia and time. Solubility of hemimorphite in NH3-(NH4)2SO4-H2O system was measured by means of isothermal solution method at 298.15 K based on the study of the dissolution mechanism of hemimorphite. The results show that the solubility of zinc in solution increases firstly and then decreases with the increase of cr(NH3) (total ammonia concentration) at different NH3/NH4^+ ratios. The solubility of silicon in solution decreases from 0.0334 mol/kg in ct(NH3)-4.1245 mol/kg NH3-(NH4)2SO4-H2O solution to 0.0046 mol/kg in cT(NH3)=7.6035 mol/kg NH3-(NH4)2SO4-H2O solution. 相似文献
24.
Mg-6%Al-1%Sn(mass fraction) alloy is a newly developed anode material for seawater activated batteries. The electrochemical properties of Mg-1%Sn, Mg-6%Al and Mg-6%Al-1%Sn alloys are measured by galvanostatic and potentiodynamic tests. Scanning electron microscopy(SEM) with energy dispersive spectrometry(EDS) is used to characterize the microstructures of the experimental alloys. The results show that the Mg-6%Al-1%Sn alloy obtains more negative discharge potential(-1.38 V(vs SCE)) in hot-rolled condition. This is attributed to the fine dynamically recrystallized grains during the hot rolling process. After the experimental alloys are annealed at 473 K for 1 h, the discharge potentials of Mg-6%Al-1%Sn alloy are more negative than those of Mg-6%Al alloy under different current densities. After annealing at 673 K, the discharge potentials of Mg-6%Al-1%Sn alloy become more positive than those of Mg-6%Al alloy. Such phenomenon is due to the coarse grains and the second phase Mg2 Sn. The discharge potentials of Mg-1%Sn shift positively obviously in the discharge process compared with Mg-6%Al-1%Sn alloy. This is due to the corrosion products pasting on the discharge surface, which leads to anode polarization. 相似文献
25.
针对碳酸盐类可溶岩地区水电站坝址流场、化学场以及固相介质属性等随时间发生改变,从而对工程安全运行造成不利影响等问题,研究了灰岩地区地下水运移过程中各物理场间的相互作用,分析了影响灰岩溶解速率的两个因素,即表面反应控制和扩散迁移控制。在此基础上,建立了单裂隙中的渗流—溶解耦合模型,并进行数值求解。模拟结果表明,在垂直裂隙延伸方向,其溶蚀锋面为非齐整平面,而是呈似“虫洞”状非均一变化,而沿裂隙延伸方向即自上游侧向下游方向溶蚀程度逐渐减轻;而通过裂隙的流量呈现随时间逐渐增大的趋势,但变幅不大;根据流量求得的等效水力隙宽,其增幅和增长速率均小于实际平均隙宽;同时,化学场中Ca2+浓度的分布与裂隙开度变化具有相似性,不同时刻下上游侧反应速率R均大于下游侧。就反应机制而言,在初期均受表面反应控制,而随反应进行,位于上游补给区部位转为受扩散迁移控制,但在下游位置仍受表面反应控制。 相似文献
26.
27.
The dissolution behavior of solid nickel in static liquid zinc saturated with Fe at 723 K was studied. The results show that when immersing solid Ni in liquid Zn saturated with Fe, the intermetallic compound layers consisted of γ and δ phases are formed on nickel substrate, which is the same as that in liquid pure zinc. However, some F2 particles are formed in the liquid near the solid/liquid interface. These Г2 particles can easily heterogeneously nucleate on (particles and grow fast. The dissolution process is governed by diffusion of nickel atom across a concentration boundary layer in liquid Zn saturated with Fe, and is different from a mixed control mechanism of nickel in liquid pure zinc. The participation of Г2 particles makes the dissolution of solid Ni in the liquid accelerated. 相似文献
28.
研究了合成镍硫化物的阳极过程。Ni_3S_2,Ni_7S_6和NiS的活性溶解伴随着生成表面产物层,其反应机理与电极电位有关。根据三种不同类型产物层生成规律的电化学研究,Ni溶出表观电子数的测定,以及产物层相组成分析和相的元素分析,认为存在三组平行反应:直接生成HSO_4~-或SO_(4-)~2的反应,生成中间硫化物的反应及生成元素硫的反应,每组反应具有不同的优势发展电位区。NiS_2阳极溶解时,基本上为生成HSO_(4-)或SO_(4-)~2的反应。 相似文献
29.
WANG Zhengfu ZHU Ziyong KE Wei Corrosion Science Laboratory Institute of Corrosion Protection of Metals Academia Sinica Shenyang ChinaZHANG Yun HU Zhuangqi Institute of Metal Research Academia Sinica Shenyang China 《金属学报(英文版)》1992,5(11):391-395
Studies were made of the influence of aging conditions and applied potentials on thestress corrosion carcking(SCC)susceptibility for an Al-Li-Cu-Mg alloy by slow strainrate technique.The relationship between the relative hydrogen content on specimensurface,the applied potentials and elapsed time has also been examined.The SCCsusceptibility was found to be dependent on aging conditions in which the peak agedcondition gave the worst SCC resistance and the natural aged condition had the best one.The SCC susceptibility and surface hydrogen content relates to the applied potentials.The anodic potentials increase SCC susceptibility,while the cathodic ones below thecritical potential accelerate SCC.It is considered that both the anodic dissolution and 相似文献
30.
M. TCHOUMOU M. ROYNETTE 《中国有色金属学会会刊》2007,17(2):423-428
The chemical analysis of a complex sulphide concentrate by emission spectrometry and X-ray diffraction shows that it contains essentially copper, lead, zinc and iron in the form of chalcopyrite, sphalerite and galena. A small amount of pyrite is also present in the ore but does not be detected with X-ray diffraction. The cupric chloride leaching of the sulphide concentrate at various durations and solid/liquid ratios at 100 ℃ shows that the rate of dissolution of the ore is the fastest in the first several hours, and after 12 h it does not evolve significantly. If oxygen is excluded from the aqueous cupric chloride solution during the leaching experiment at 100 ℃, the pyrite in the ore will not be leached. The determination of principal dissolved metals in the leaching liquor by flame atomic absorption spectrometry, and the chemical analysis of solid residues by emission spectrometry and X-ray diffraction allow to conclude that the rate of dissolution of the minerals contained in the complex sulphide concentrate are in the order of galena 〉 sphalerite 〉 chalcopyrite. 相似文献