π放面机道用凝胶防灭火的实践

鹤岗矿业集团公司大陆煤矿在-275南11层零区回掘期间,应用新型凝胶防灭火工艺,成功地完成了回采任务,有效地消灭了煤层发火,保证了正常生产。     

表面胶转化法合成亚微米厚度MFI型分子筛薄膜应用于快速择形分离己烷异构体

在膜分离中,薄膜超薄化对促进气体传输至关重要,而将膜厚降至亚微米级则极具挑战性.本文中,我们提出表面胶转化法来合成亚微米厚度的纯硅MFI分子筛膜.通过精细调控前驱体化学组成制备了低浸润性的黏性胶,有效防止凝胶从氧化铝载体表面渗透至空隙中.在晶种的诱导下,辅以少量水蒸气,表面凝胶经历了直接和完全晶化过程,形成了厚度为~5...     

Dried Blood Spots as Matrix for Evaluation of Valproate Levels and the Immediate and Delayed Metabolomic Changes Induced by Single Valproate Dose Treatment

The immediate and delayed metabolic changes in rats treated with valproate (VPA), a drug used for the treatment of epilepsy, were profiled. An established approach using dried blood spots (DBS) as sample matrices for gas chromatography/mass spectrometry-based metabolomics profiling was modified using double solvents in the extraction of analytes. With the modified method, some of the previously undetectable metabolites were recovered and subtle differences in the metabolic changes upon exposure to a single dose of VPA between males and female rats were identified. In male rats, changes in 2-hydroxybutyric acid, pipecolic acid, tetratriacontane and stearic acid were found between the control and treatment groups at various time points from 2.5 h up to 24 h. In contrast, such differences were not observed in female rats, which could be caused by the vast inter-individual variations in metabolite levels within the female group. Based on the measured DBS drug concentrations, clearance and apparent volume of distribution of VPA were estimated and the values were found to be comparable to those estimated previously from full blood drug concentrations. The current study indicated that DBS is a powerful tool to monitor drug levels and metabolic changes in response to drug treatment.     

橡胶颗粒增强双网络结构堵水冻胶性能研究

目的研究橡胶颗粒增强双网络结构堵水冻胶性能,解决塔河油田为代表的缝洞型油藏在注水开发、注气开发过程中,出水、气窜现象频发的问题。方法选用丙烯酰胺/2-丙烯酰胺-2-甲基丙磺酸二元聚合物和疏水缔合聚合物为主剂,乌洛托品、间苯二酚和有机铬为交联剂,橡胶颗粒为增强剂制备了一种复合冻胶,详细考查了橡胶颗粒对冻胶基液黏度、成胶时间、成胶强度、耐稀释、耐温耐盐性能和封堵效果的影响规律。 结果橡胶颗粒的加入,对冻胶基液黏度和成胶时间没有明显的改变,但对成胶强度、耐温耐盐性能和封堵效果具有明显提高作用。其中,橡胶颗粒质量分数为5%的增强冻胶的屈服应力达326.4 Pa,150 ℃下老化30天,脱水率仅为2.71%,对缝宽1 mm的裂缝岩心进行封堵,盐水突破压力梯度达到3.94 MPa/m。这表明,橡胶颗粒增强的双网络结构冻胶具有优异的封堵能力。结论该研究填补了塔河油田耐高温高盐堵水冻胶的技术空白,为塔河油田堵水技术发展提供了新的研究思路。      

新型凝胶泡沫材料阻化性能实验研究

为研究新型凝胶泡沫对煤体阻化作用的效能与影响,基于程序升温实验,对凝胶泡沫处理前后的不同粒径煤样组进行实验,分析煤样升温过程中的耗氧速率、CO与CH₄气体体积分数及其产生率,以及凝胶泡沫对煤样的阻化率。研究结果表明：煤的粒径不同,其耗氧速率也不同,经新型凝胶泡沫处理煤样的CO、CH₄气体的体积分数及其产生率均明显低于未经处理的煤样;在100 ℃时,粒径小于0.9 mm煤样的阻化率为59.23%,粒径3~5 mm煤样的阻化率为61.69%,粒径6~10 mm煤样的阻化率为65.63%,各粒径煤样受凝胶泡沫的阻化影响顺序为大粒径> 中粒径> 小粒径;新型凝胶泡沫材料能有效延缓煤的氧化过程、抑制煤氧复合反应、延迟煤体蓄热进程,对防治煤自燃具有十分积极的作用。     

Breast Fibromatosis after Hydrophilic Polyacrylamide Gel Injection for Breast Augmentation: a Case Report and Review of the Literature

BREAST fibromatosis is a rare kind of lesion.The average incidence is about 2-4 per million every year.1 So far there have been about 100 cases reported altogether.2 In this report, we describe a case of breast fibromatosis developed after hydrophilic polyacrylamide gel (HPG) injection for breast augmenta-Received for publication December 10, 2010.     

Synthesis of crystalline metal nitride and metal carbide nanostructures by sol–gel chemistry

Attention toward nanosized metal nitrides and carbides is rapidly increasing thanks to their chemical characteristics that make them as valid and sustainable alternatives to noble metals in catalysis and to air-sensitive metals or oxides for applications under harsh conditions. They are mostly used as bulk phase or micron sized powders, due to an intrinsic difficulty to synthesize them as nanoparticles in a systematic and scalable fashion. However, nanosized metal nitrides and carbides could exhibit improved performances, e.g. in catalysis due to a higher surface area, and can be shaped more easily than corresponding larger grains for further specific applications. Recently, sol–gel chemistry has closed this gap and now enables the simple, cheap, and sustainable production of metal nitride and carbide nanoparticles.In the present review we give an overview on recent sol–gel based pathways for the synthesis of metal nitride and carbide nanoparticles, believing that a better knowledge of the potentialities of these still hardly touched materials stimulates research interest and applications.     

Synergistic effect of composite template and La-doping on microdynamic behavior of photogenerated carriers in mesoporous nano-TiO2

The traditional view that the role of the composite template that is adopted in the preparation of nano-TiO₂ is only for forming a pore structure and increasing the material's specific surface area is challenged by this study. The complex impact of the composite template and La-doping on the microdynamic behavior of photo-generation free charge carriers (FCCs) in the mesoporous nano-TiO₂ is investigated using the transient photovoltaic (TPV) technique, supplemented by electric field-induced surface photovoltaic spectroscopy and a computer simulation method. The experimental results reveal that utilizing an appropriate composite template, such as polyethylene glycol and octadecylamine with a molar ratio of 1:1, may result in the rapid separation and prolonged diffusion distance of electron–hole pairs that were excited by a 355 nm and 50 μJ laser pulse. These may be responsible for the stronger and broader TPV response in the microsecond and millisecond regions of the La-doped nano-TiO₂ in TPV spectroscopy, as compared with that for materials that used other composite templates. This response is closely related to the reduced content of the surface state located at 367 nm. A suitable level of La-doping, however, was only responsible for the stronger and broader TPV response in the microsecond region of the spectrum of the nano-TiO₂. The computer simulation results confirm that the photo-generation FCCs microdynamic characteristics in the microsecond region may partially originate from the state density distribution of both the d-electron in the antibonding orbital and the p-electron in the bonding orbital moving up to higher levels, and from a broader band-gap after La-doping in the anatase lattice cell.     

溶胶-凝胶生物玻璃多孔材料显微结构和生物活性的扫描电镜及红外光谱分析

本文利用溶胶．凝胶法制备了CaO-P2O5-SiO，系统生物活性玻璃，并以其为原料制备了用于骨修复及骨组织工程支架的块状生物活性材料。利用体外实验方法(invitro)结合x射线衍射(XRD)、扫描电子显微镜(SEM)和傅立叶变换红外光谱分析(FTIR)技术对不同烧结工艺制备的材料结构、晶相和生物活性的影响进行了分析研究。研究表明，经800℃和1100℃烧结5min的两种材料均有硅磷酸钙Ca5(PO4)2SjO4微晶相析出。烧结温度越高，析出微晶相的体积比例越大，材料的生物活性则越低。在模拟生理溶液中碳酸羟基磷灰石(HCA)只在烧结体中的玻璃颗粒表面形成，而在其硅磷酸钙Ca5(PO4)2SiO4微晶相表面未发现HCA形成。     

锂离子电池用聚合物电解质的最新进展II.含液聚合物电解质

由于干态聚合物电解质目前还不能满足聚合物锂离子电池的应用要求,人们致力于开发含液体增塑剂的聚合物电解质,包括凝胶型和微孔型两类体系。本文综述了含液聚合物电解质的最新进展,重点论述了各种新体系和新方法。