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61.
应用统计控制图法,选用平均值——标准差、平均值——极差控制图法,控制24^#坝粘土填筑干密度值及施工偶然异常波动,早期提出警报,以保证土坝的施工质量。 相似文献
62.
The kinetics of changes in the bound water content in dietetic sucrose-free sponge cakes (DC) during storage was investigated. The effect of edible films of polymyxan, pectin, xanthan, and carboxymethylcellulose upon this kinetics was also investigated. The quantitative changes in both states of water (slightly bound water and strongly bound water) were registered by combined dynamic analysis (thermogravimetry analysis, TGA, and differential thermal analysis, DTA). The moisture changes in DC crumb were analyzed by drying out to constant mass. The rate constants were determined according the equation q = qoe-kt. The values of rate constants 'k', in day-1, concerning the different edible films were as follows: for crumb moisture is (8.00 ≤ k ≤ 12.47) × 10-3, for bound water is (3.07 ≤ kw ≤ 6.26) × 10-2, for slightly bound water is (4.22 ≤ k1 ≤ 8.49) × 10-2 and for strongly bound water is (2.02 ≤ k2 ≤ 5.62) × 10-2 as compared to 18.53 × 10-3, 7.16 × 10-2, 9.04 × 10-2, and 5.36 × 10-2 in the uncovered DC, respectively. The best water-retaining effect in respect to crumb moisture during storage was ascertained in the use of polymyxan and xanthan films. The lowest rate constant values for bound water and its two states were measured for DC covered with pectin. The relation between the kinetics of both bound water states during storage and ageing of the crumb of DC covered with different edible films and the crumb microstructure was represented. By means of scanning electron microscope was read the smallest change in crumb microstructure of pectin-covered DC on the sixth day of storage. 相似文献
63.
64.
65.
A photochromic nanocomposite based on Keggin structure phosphomolybdic acid (PMoA) well dispersed in polyethyleneglycol (PEG) was fabricated. TEM image showed that PMoA nanoparticles with narrow size distribution were finely dispersed in polymer matrix. FT-IR results showed that the Keggin geometry of polyoxometalates was still preserved inside the composites and strong coulombic interaction was built between PMoA and polymer matrix. Under UV irradiation, the film was reduced photochemically to yield a blue species, which was in accordance with a charge-transfer mechanism. 相似文献
66.
用己二酸二酰肼(ADH)对透明质酸(HA)进行化学修饰,制备交联透明质酸(HA-ADH)薄膜。粘度法测试表明HA-ADH是一种可降解的生物材料,并且与HA相比,HA.ADH的降解速率减慢。在此基础上,研究了以疏水性的替硝唑(TDZ)和亲水性的头孢唑啉钠(CEZ)为模拟药物的HA-ADH药物载体薄膜的释药性能。紫外-可见(UV-Vis)吸收光谱检测表明,HA-ADH是一种疏水性药物TDZ的优良缓释制荆,这是由于TDZ的疏水性和HA-ADH薄膜的缓慢溶胀和降解性能的结合而得到的,药物的释放主要受扩散机制控制。 相似文献
67.
A lubrication-flow model for a free film in a corner is presented. The model, written in the hyperbolic coordinate system
ξ = x
2 −y
2, η = 2xy, applies to films that are thin in the η-direction. The lubrication approximation yields two coupled evolution equations
for the film thickness and the velocity field which, to lowest order, describes plug flow in the hyperbolic coordinates. A
free film in a corner evolving under surface tension and gravity is investigated. The rate of thinning of a free film is compared
to that of a film evolving over a solid substrate. Viscous shear and normal stresses are both captured in the model and are
computed for the entire flow domain. It is shown that normal stress dominates over shear stress in the far field, while shear
stress dominates close to the corner.
This revised version was published online in October 2005 with corrected page numbers. 相似文献
68.
This study is concerned with the stability of a two-dimensional incompressible conducting liquid film surrounded by a passive
conducting medium, when an electric field is applied in a direction parallel to the initially flat bounding fluid interfaces.
Currents generate charges at the bounding interfaces which in turn affect the stress balances there. In the absence of an
electric field, the viscous liquid film is stable (instability can be induced by the inclusion of van der Waals forces for
ultra thin films). A complete model is presented, at arbitrary Reynolds number, which accounts for conductivity and permittivity
contrasts between the fluid and surrounding medium, as well as surface tension. The linear stability of the system is considered
for arbitrary Reynolds numbers and it is shown that the stable film can become unstable if, (i) σ
R
ɛ
p
>1, or (ii) σ
R
ɛ
p
<1 and (σ
R
−1)(1−ɛ
p
)<0, where σ
R
is the ratio of outer to inner conductivity and ε
p
is the ratio of inner to outer permittivity. Instability is possible only if the electric field is non-zero and the scalings
near bifurcation points that can be used to construct nonlinear theories are calculated. Several asymptotic limits are also
considered including zero Reynolds numbers and short or long waves. The instability criteria given above are constructed explicitly
in the case of Stokes flow. 相似文献
69.
The dynamics of a thin liquid film falling down a uniformly heated wall is studied. The model introduced by Kalliadasis et al. [J. Fluid Mech. 475 (2003) 377] for the same problem is revisited and its deficiencies, namely the prediction of a critical
Reynolds number with 20% error, cured. For the energy equation a high-order Galerkin projection in terms of polynomial test
functions is developed. It is shown that not only does this more refined formulation correct the critical Reynolds number,
but it also gives, with an appropriate expansion close to criticality, the long-wave theory. Bifurcation diagrams for permanent
solitary waves are constructed and compared with the solution branches obtained from different models. It is shown that, in
all cases, the long-wave theory exhibits limit points and branch multiplicity, while the other models predict the continuing
existence of solitary waves. Time-dependent computations show that the free surface and interfacial temperature approach a
train of coherent structures that resemble the infinite-domain stationary solitary pulses. 相似文献
70.
The switchable optical properties of Pd-protected RCo2-type Ho0.6Mm0.4Co2 alloy thin films have been investigated in a KOH electrolyte. The reversible optical switching has been carried out simultaneously by measuring transmitted light through the thin film during electrochemical charging–discharging of hydrogen. The dependence of switching speed and cyclic durability of the film on the charging and discharging current density as well as concentration of KOH electrolyte has been studied. In addition, cyclic voltammetric measurements have been performed to examine the hydride formation and decomposition reactions. 相似文献