Controlled experiments on the web: survey and practical guide

The web provides an unprecedented opportunity to evaluate ideas quickly using controlled experiments, also called randomized experiments, A/B tests (and their generalizations), split tests, Control/Treatment tests, MultiVariable Tests (MVT) and parallel flights. Controlled experiments embody the best scientific design for establishing a causal relationship between changes and their influence on user-observable behavior. We provide a practical guide to conducting online experiments, where end-users can help guide the development of features. Our experience indicates that significant learning and return-on-investment (ROI) are seen when development teams listen to their customers, not to the Highest Paid Person’s Opinion (HiPPO). We provide several examples of controlled experiments with surprising results. We review the important ingredients of running controlled experiments, and discuss their limitations (both technical and organizational). We focus on several areas that are critical to experimentation, including statistical power, sample size, and techniques for variance reduction. We describe common architectures for experimentation systems and analyze their advantages and disadvantages. We evaluate randomization and hashing techniques, which we show are not as simple in practice as is often assumed. Controlled experiments typically generate large amounts of data, which can be analyzed using data mining techniques to gain deeper understanding of the factors influencing the outcome of interest, leading to new hypotheses and creating a virtuous cycle of improvements. Organizations that embrace controlled experiments with clear evaluation criteria can evolve their systems with automated optimizations and real-time analyses. Based on our extensive practical experience with multiple systems and organizations, we share key lessons that will help practitioners in running trustworthy controlled experiments.     

Parametric cost analysis for web-based e-commerce of layer manufactured objects

Web-based e-commerce of rapid prototyping services is going to be a widely diffused methodology used to compete in a global market. A competitive market imposes a very accurate estimation of prototyping price. Prototype costs depend on many factors, some of which may be easily deduced, while some others consist in a complex function of the geometric model properties and of the specific technology employed to build a physical model. Build time, which affects some components of the prototype's build cost, is a critical factor to deduce. Build time depends not only on the prototype dimensions but also on the complexity of the shape that, in turn, affects the movement of the tool to form the object. A parametric approach to build cost estimation, suited for web-based e-commerce, is presented in this paper. Significant cost driving factors of layer manufactured objects are identified and instruments to evaluate them are proposed. Special attention has been paid to define a parametric approach to build time estimation. The proposed parametric approach analyses the geometrical features, which typically affect the build time of the main layer manufacturing technologies. The method is verified in some test cases related to FDM technology.     

Unique Features of Mobile Commerce

While the market potentials and impacts of web-based e-commerce are still in the ascendant, the advances in wireless technologies and mobile networks have brought about a new business opportunity and research attention, what is termed mobile commerce. Commonly, mobile commerce is considered to be another new application of existing web-based e-commerce onto wireless networks, but as an independent business area, mobile commerce has its own advantages and challenges as opposed to traditional e-commerce applications. This paper focuses on exploring the unique features of mobile commerce as compared with traditional e-commerce. Also, there are still some limitations arisen in m-commerce in contrast to web-based e-commerce. Finally, current state of mobile commerce in Japan is presented in brief, with an introduction of several cases involving mobile commerce applications in today's marketplace.     

Setting up an e-marketplace: a three-stage approach

This paper studies the competitiveness and market positioning of different e-marketplace operators. The author proposes a three-stage business strategy to evolve an e-marketplace, with each stage offering more advanced services. The ideas are applied to setting up an e-marketplace for the Taiwan refrigeration/air conditioning industry implemented by the Energy Research Laboratory of the Institute of Industrial Technology Research (ITRI) in Taiwan.     

高职专科与应用型本科培养跨境电商人才模式探究

跨境电商在电子商务新形势下不断发展,人才的培养成为了重中之重。本文基于专科院校和本科院校在现有条件下开设的跨境电商相关课程进行了对比,并由此提出二者在跨境电商人才培养模式方面有关协同构建的建议。     

P2P电子商务信任评估机制研究

近年电子商务发展迅猛,而点对点（P2P,Peer-to Peer）电子商务更是解决了传统电子商务的服务器瓶颈问题,但信任安全始终是无法绕过的难题。为了研究P2P电子商务中节点间的信任评估,借助模糊理论的知识,提出了一种基于模糊层次分析法的P2P电子商务信任模型。该模型考虑了影响P2P电子商务信任的几个因素,并用模糊层次分析法确定它们对信任度的影响权重,由综合决策计算得到节点的综合信任度。由仿真实例可以看出模型具有较好的抗欺骗能力。     

电子商务在石化行业的应用探讨

简述了石化行业开展电子商务的必要性,通过大量数据对比分析了石化行业电子商务的现状,提出了以建立石化电子商务平台为核心的发展模式、上网策略及电子商务的安全技术,并提出将石化电子商务扩展到石化产品以外的石化项目招标、技术引进、合作开发等领域的建议。     

制造业电子商务与ERP集成方案研究

从ERP和电子商务的发展历程出发,分析两者集成的重要性和集成所面临的问题,提出"战略统一、业务优化、应用集成、数据同步"的16字集成原则,最后给出一个制造业电子商务与ERP集成的完整、可行的解决方案。     

C2C电子商务交易的信用及风险评估方法研究

提出了一种改进的信用计分方法,该方法采用商品价格的区间分布来对成功交易进行加分,采用信用等级的扣分系数来对不同信用等级的失败交易进行扣分,可以解决信用炒作和周期欺骗问题.通过对信用风险的分析,在改进的信用计分模型的基础上,设计了一种网上交易的风险计算方法,该方法可以根据历史交易的情况以及当前交易的价格来对当前交易的风险进行评估.模拟实验结果表明,改进的信用计分方法具有较好的抗信用炒作和周期欺骗效果,所给出的风险评估方法对电子商务交易中的风险分析和预测是比较准确和有效的.