AlF3贮仓料位计在线监控系统开发与应用

针对铝电解原材料中AlF3与Al2O3自动配料不准和难于观察及控制的现象，我厂开发应用了AlF3贮仓料位计，并与微机网络相连，实现了远程测量与在线监控，使AlF3配料更准确更均匀，电解质分子比更稳定，电解槽生产低耗高效。     

Guayule seedling response to nitrogen fertilizers

Slow growth and high seedling mortality limit direct seeding establishment of guayule (Parthenium argentatum G.). This study was conducted to assess seedling growth enhancement by the addition of different rates and forms of N fertilizers and Ca salts. Experiments were conducted in a greenhouse with cultivar 593 under both surface and subirrigated conditions using water low in salts (salinity of 0.8 dSm^–1, SAR of 5.0 and 10 mg Ca L^–1). Under surface-irrigated conditions, seedling height and fresh plant weight increased with N application to the irrigation water to 70 mg L^–1. The best seedling growth was observed when (NH₄)₂SO₄ was added in combination with CaCl₂ or CaSO₄. Progressively less growth was observed by addition of (NH₄)₂SO₄ alone, CO(NH₂)₂ plus CaSO₄, CO(NH₂)₂ alone and Ca(NO₃)₂. When seedlings were subirrigated, however, the best growth was observed with Ca(NO₃)₂. Intermediate growth was obtained with (NH₄)₂SO₄ plus CaSO₄ and lowest growth rates with (NH₄)₂SO₄ alone. These differential responses may be explained by the differences in leaching and volatile characteristics of the N forms. Growth enhancement from N and Ca additions increased with time with significant increases 45 days after seeding. Nitrogen application with Ca may be effective amendment in promoting subsequent growth of direct seeded guayule.     

高岭土在碳热还原氮化过程中的相变

系统研究了苏州高岭土碳热还原氮化合成SiAlON过程在不同温度下的相变。对试样的XRD、SEM以及EDXA分析结果表明 ,1 30 0℃之前 ,试样中没有氮化物生成 ,物相为莫来石、石英和方石英 ;1 30 0℃时 ,高岭土开始发生氮化反应 ,生成过渡型SiAlON和β SiAlON。此时 ,石英和方石英相基本消失 ;1 4 0 0℃时 ,过渡型SiAlON、β SiAlON和X SiAlON三相共存 ,β SiAlON有所增多并有少量刚玉相生成 ;从 1 4 50℃到 1 550℃ ,Z值为 3的β SiAlON成为惟一的氮化产物 ,与少量SiC和刚玉相并存。莫来石在 1 50 0℃时完全消失     

Foliar fertilization of high-yielding peanuts during the pod-filling period

A 2-year field experiment was carried out in a sandy soil (Xeropsament-Torripsament) at Nir Yizhaq, Israel, where commercially grown peanut plants were sprayed with different NPKS solutions during the pod-filling period. All foliar sprays were applied in addition to the fertilizer which had been added to the soil before planting. The differences in yield between the treatments were not significant in either year. In the first year, there was a tendency toward increased yields of pods (up to 13%) and of hay (up to 16%) when four foliar fertilizer applications (10 kg N, 1 kg P, 3 kg K and 0.5 kg S/ha/application) were given, at one-week intervals. N was added mainly as urea, P and K as potassium polyphosphate, and S as ammonium sulphate. In the second year, the highest yield was obtained in the control plots and the differences between the treatments were not significant. Utilization of foliar nutrient application seems to be dependent upon availability of these nutrients in the soil.Contribution from the Agricultural Research Organization, The Volcani Center, Bet Dagan, Israel. No. 1976-E. 1087 series.     

降维方法监督分类的比较研究

对ISOMap、LDA、LLE、PCA这4种典型降维算法的主要思想和算法步骤进行了详细分析,并将它们用于有监督分类。从实验结果分析得到结论 ,其可为有监督分类提供有益的借鉴。     

Reaction products of ammonium nitrate phosphate fertilizers of varying water-soluble phosphorus content in different Indian soils

Studies were undertaken on the isolation and identification of reaction products of ammonium nitrate phosphate (ANP) fertilizers containing 30, 50 and 70 per cent water-soluble phosphorus (WSP) of total phosphorus in representative soils of the vertisol, oxisol, alfisol, entisol, mollisol and aridisol groups of India. ANP fertilizers were applied in solid form to soil, and reaction products formed at and around the site of ANP fertilizer placement were identified after six weeks incubation in moist soils by X-ray diffraction technique. DCPD (dicalcium phosphate dihydrate- CaHPO₄ · 2H₂O) was the major reaction product of ANP fertilizers containing 30 and 50 per cent WSP in vertisol, entisol, aridisol, mollisol, oxisol and alfisol, and of ANP containing 70 per cent WSP in vertisol, entisol, alfisol, aridisol and mollisol. DCP (dicalcium phosphate-CaHPO₄) was detected with ANP of 30 and 50 per cent WSP in the vertisol, alfisol, entisol, mollisol and aridisol groups of soils. In addition to DCPD, FePO₄ · 2H₂O (metastrengite) and AlPO₄ · 2H₂ O-monoclinic (metavariscite) were formed in alfisol and oxisol soils with ANP of 30 and 50 per cent WSP. FePO₄ · 2H₂O and AlPO₄ · 2H₂O (metavariscite) were identified in alfisol and oxisol soils while AlPO₄ · 2H₂O-orthorhombic (variscite) was formed in alfisol soils with ANP of 70 per cent WSP.     

甲酸甲酯合成与转化的催化技术

本文评述了甲酸甲酯(MF)合成与转化的催化技术,展示了从MF出发发展C_1化学的可能途径,在MF的合成方面详细地分析了从甲醇出发的羰化法、脱氢法和氧化法催化技术,简介了我们的有关研究工作。     

竹红菌甲素衍生物13－SO_3Na－DDHA电化学及光诱导还原的研究

本工作研究了化合物１３－ＳＯ＿３Ｎａ－ＤＤＨＡ在不同ｐＨ的缓冲溶液中的电化学氧化还原行为．实验证明：化合物中羰基的还原电位与ｐＨ之间存在线性关系，其直线的斜率为６０ｍＶ／ｐＨ．并证明了此过程为一步两电子、两质子还原过程：Ｑ＋２Ｈ￣＋＋２ｅ＝ＱＨ＿２．ＤＭＦ作为非质子溶剂，具有很好的稳定自由基的作用．向缓冲溶液中加入ＤＭＦ后，化合物１３－ＳＯ＿３Ｎａ－ＤＤＨＡ为两步单电子还原过程，相应溶液中的光诱导电子转移吸收光谱证实了以上电化学的结果．     

Exploring single electrode reactions in polymer electrolyte fuel cells

Utilising a pseudo-reference electrode in polymer electrolyte fuel cells allows for the separation of anodic and cathodic contributions to the entire cell impedance. Modelling the impedance responses by using equivalent circuits inhibits the investigation of kinetic parameters of the basic electrochemical reactions, which take place at single electrode-electrolyte interfaces. Therefore, we evaluate single electrode impedance measurements by a kinetic model, which is based on specific reaction pathways, either for the oxygen reduction reaction (ORR) or the hydrogen oxidation reaction (HOR). As a consequence, it is possible to obtain kinetic parameters for the specific reaction of interest. Furthermore, the information gained from the single electrode impedance measurements and the kinetic model can give insight into single reactions steps. In particular, the ORR has to include a chemical step in the reaction pathway.     

离子色谱法测定配煤、焦炭和焦油中的氯含量

研究了用带电导检测器的离子色谱对配煤、焦炭和焦油中的Cl- 进行测定的方法。在YSA型8126A-4# 阴离子分离柱上用3.5mmol/LNa2CO3、5.3mmol/LNaHCO3做淋洗液对Cl-进行测定,方法简便快速。Cl-的检出限为2×10-6。该法也适用于F-、NO2-、NO3-、SO42-等的测定。