化学沉积Ni-Zn-P合金制备和腐蚀性能研究

采用柠檬酸钠为络合剂 ,在氨性缓冲介质中化学镀Ni Zn P合金 .考察了工艺参数 (pH、ZnSO4·7H2 O浓度和温度 )对沉积速度和镀层组成的影响 .发现Zn离子在沉积过程中起阻碍作用 ,致使镀层中Zn含量不高 (最多含16 .0mass% ) .采用差示扫描量热 (DSC)和X射线衍射 (XRD)技术研究所得化学镀Ni Zn P合金 (Ni=78.7mass % ,Zn =11.7mass % )的晶化行为和结构 .结果表明 ,镀态Ni Zn P合金主要由非晶相和少量立方镍两相构成 .热处理至 384 .8℃时出现四方Ni3 P相 ,至 5 80 .7℃时出现Ni5Zn2 1相 .镀态及热处理后的Ni Zn P合金 (Ni=78.7mass% ,Zn =11.7mass% .)在 3.5 %NaCl中 (pH =7.0 )的腐蚀失重及阳极极化测量 .结果表明 ,该合金的耐腐蚀性能优良 ,特别是镀态Ni Zn P合金 .     

FS-1化学镀Ni-P镀层的性能研究

采用XRD与SEM分析技术、电化学阳极极化曲线测试和 摩擦磨损试验等，系统地研究了FS-1化学镀Ni-P镀层的结构和性能.结果表明：该镀层具有 优良的耐蚀和耐磨性能，热处理虽可以显著地提高镀层的耐磨性能，但使其耐蚀性能有所降 低.     

Effect of laser fluences on the structure of carbon nitride films deposited by direct current plasma assisted pulsed laser ablation

Carbon nitride films were deposited by direct current plasma assisted pulsed laser ablation of a graphite target under a nitrogen atmosphere at room temperature. The surface morphology, composition and bonding structure of the deposited films were characterized by atomic force microscopy (AFM), Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy, Raman, and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS). The effect of laser fluences in the range 0.5–3 J/cm² on the surface morphology, composition and bonding structure of the carbon nitride films were systematically studied. As laser fluence is increased, AFM results show a great decrease in the surface roughness of carbon nitride films. FTIR and XPS results indicate an increase in the N/C ratio and the content of N atoms bonded to sp³ C, as well as a decrease in the content of H atoms and the content of N atoms boned to sp² C in the deposited films, and Raman spectra indicate an increase in the content of disordered sp² C atoms and the sp² cluster size. The increase in the film density and the decrease in the particle fraction contribute to the decrease of surface roughness with increasing laser fluence.     

Magnetic and mechanical properties of FeSi alloys with high Si content

The chemical vapor（CVD） deposition-diffusion method was applied to prepare FeSi alloys with high silicon content up to 6.5%. In spite of various deposition and post-annealing, the sample remains α-Fe bcc structure. The cross section of the composition was analyzed to evaluate the Si content and distribution before and after annealing. The results show that the soft magnetic properties are improved by increasing the silicon content. For the samples containing about 6.5% Si, the coercivity decreases to 60 from 237.3 A/m of the original. It is also obtained that, in addition to the Si content, Si distribution has a large influence on the core loss due to the effect of resistivity. The micro-hardnesses were also evaluated along the cross-section after various annealings.     

Nanostructured component fabrication by electron beam-physical vapor deposition

Fabrication of cost-effective, nano-grained net-shaped components has brought considerable interest to Department of Defense, National Aeronautics and Space Administration, and Department of Energy. The objective of this paper is to demonstrate the versatility of electron beam-physical vapor deposition (EB-PVD) technology in engineering new nanostructured materials with controlled microstructure and microchemistry in the form of coatings and net-shaped components for many applications including the space, turbine, optical, biomedical, and auto industries. Coatings are often applied on components to extent their performance and life under severe environmental conditions including thermal, corrosion, wear, and oxidation. Performance and properties of the coatings depend upon their composition, microstructure, and deposition condition. Simultaneous co-evaporation of multiple ingots of different compositions in the high energy EB-PVD chamber has brought considerable interest in the architecture of functional graded coatings, nano-laminated coatings, and design of new structural materials that could not be produced economically by conventional methods. In addition, high evaporation and condensate rates allowed fabricating precision net-shaped components with nanograined microstructure for various applications. Using EB-PVD, nano-grained rhenium (Re) coatings and net-shaped components with tailored microstructure and properties were fabricated in the form of tubes, plates, and Re-coated spherical graphite cores. This paper will also present the results of various metallic and ceramic coatings including chromium, titanium carbide (TiC), titanium diboride (TiB₂), hafnium nitride (HfN), titanium-boron-carbonitride (TiBCN), and partially yttria stabilized zirconia (YSZ) TBC coatings deposited by EB-PVD for various applications. This paper was presented at the International Symposium on Manufacturing, Properties, and Applications of Nanocrystalline Materials sponsored by the ASM International Nanotechnology Task Force and TMS Powder Materials Committee, October 18–20, 2004, Columbus, OH.     

镀铬技术进展

镀铬层具有多方面的优异性能,在工业上已得到了广泛的应用。镀铬技术大体上可以分为电镀铬和真空镀铬。本文侧重于介绍真空镀铬技术。对于工业上通用的电镀铬技术及其近年来的进展也作了概括介绍。并对电镀铬和真空镀铬技术的特点作出了对比说明,还讨论了两种技术的未来发展趋势。     

TiN/SiNx submicronic multilayer coatings obtained by chemical vapor deposition in a fluidized bed reactor at atmospheric pressure (AP/FBR-CVD)

TiN/SiN_x multilayer coatings were deposited on stainless steel by Chemical Vapor Deposition in a Fluidized Bed Reactor at Atmospheric Pressure (AP/FBR-CVD) by reaction of TiCl₄ and SiCl₄ with NH₃ at 850 °C. Due to the immiscibility of crystalline TiN and amorphous SiN_x, interdiffusion between layers is avoided even at the high working temperature. The thickness of the individual layer was in the nanometer range. Coatings were characterized by means of SEM, TEM, GD-OES, SIMS, XRD and nanoindentation. A mechanism for the growth rate and diffusion of Ti and Si into the steel is discussed.     

等离子熔积直接成形形状特性的基础研究

系统分析了熔积成形技术中影响成形形状特性的原因,研究了转移弧电流、扫描速度和起弧高度对成形精度的影响机理.实验表明,以上参数对等离子熔积直接成形形状特性的影响显著,对改善零件的成形精度起决定性的作用;通过优化成形工艺参数,焊道表面质量得到显著好转.     

Effects of phosphorus addition on the magnetic properties of sintered Fe-50 wt.% Ni alloys

Phosphorus was added to Fe-50 wt.% Ni in the form of a coated composite powder via an electroless plating process. Addition of phosphorus to Fe-50 wt.% Ni facilitated increases in density and grain size, both of which were beneficial to magnetic performance. Because of the homogeneous distribution of phosphorus in the powder, the optimal phosphorus addition was much lower than for those using Fe₃P as the phosphorus precursor. The optimal phosphorus addition was close to its maximum solubility in Fe-50 wt.% Ni (about 0.5 wt.%), above which precipitation of excessive phosphorus in the form of iron nickel phosphide, (Fe,Ni)₃P, effectively degraded the magnetic properties of Fe-50 wt.% Ni. Without the addition of phosphorus, good magnetic properties could be achieved only when the sintering temperature was high enough (>1200 °C) to result in a high sintered density and large grains in the sintered structure.     

Reaction of Iradium with Metal Carbides in the Temperature Range of 1923 to 2400 K

The reactions of titanium carbide and hafnium carbide with iridium have been studied in thin film couples fabricated by vapor deposition processes. The reaction product layers after exposure in the temperature range of 1923 to 2400 K are dependent on the stoichiometry of the metal carbide layers and range from simple solid solutions to MIr_x compounds. The observed microstructures are predictable from available thermochemical data. The morphology of residual carbon in the reacted metal carbide-iridium product layer varies from interfacial deposits to uniform carbon dispersion and depends upon exposure temperature and metal carbide stoichiometry.