Whale rover moving along the surface of sperm whale

ABSTRACT

Biologging, which uses small data loggers directly attached to the bodies of animals to collect various behavioral data, can be an effective means for revealing the mysteries of animal life. With respect to marine animals, zoologists have attempted to obtain video data of a sperm whale eating a giant squid using biologging. These previous efforts have been unsuccessful because the biologger, which was attached to the whale's back that emerged from the sea as the whale swam, provided poor visibility of the whale's mouth area in the deep sea. To solve this problem, we proposed a novel roving biologger or whale rover that travels along a sperm whale's body surface from its back to its mouth area using robotic technology. Four prior whale rover prototypes have been designed and developed. In this study, we further improved the whale rover design to allow for adapted travel on curved or uneven surfaces. The feasibility of this fifth prototype was confirmed using both field and laboratory experiments. These experimental results demonstrated the whale rover's ability to successfully travel across a flat surface at a depth of almost 500 m and across a curved surface in a laboratory water tank.     

一种新型增碳剂的制备与应用

本文以制造锂离子电池碳负极材料的石墨尾料为主料,添加5%~10%由羟甲基纤维素钠、片碱和木莳淀粉配制而成的粘结剂,通过自动化生产线上的配料、搅拌、造粒和烘干等程序制备出新型冶金用高纯增碳剂。其碳含量在90%以上,磷硫含量低,炼铁过程中增碳稳定,碳吸收率可达85%~90%,环保且价格低廉,优于常用的同类增碳剂。此外还通过铸铁熔炼实验讨论了增碳剂粒度、冶炼添加方式等对于增碳效果的影响。     

低挥发环保增塑剂对苯二甲酸二（2⁃丙基庚）酯的应用研究

以对苯二甲酸和2?丙基庚醇为原料,在钛酸异丙酯为催化剂的条件下制备对苯二甲酸二（2?丙基庚）酯（DPHTP）,并将DPHTP作为增塑剂用于制备聚氯乙烯（PVC）柔性薄膜,与市售DOP和DOTP进行应用性能的比较。通过傅里叶变换红外光谱和核磁共振氢谱对产物进行结构分析;通过热失重分析、拉伸测试、耐迁移测试和耐挥发性测试等比较DPHTP、DOP以及DOTP增塑的PVC薄膜在力学性能等方面的差异。结果表明,相比DOP和DOTP,DPHTP具有更低的挥发性,其增塑的薄膜有着更优异的热稳定性以及更高的体积电阻率;其中,DPHTP的加热减量为0.031 90 %,DPHTP增塑的薄膜的热失重5 %的温度为272 ℃,体积电阻率为6.5×10⁹ Ω·m;DPHTP具有更低的挥发性且可以赋予PVC材料优异的电绝缘性能,在包装材料和电线电缆行业具有广阔的开发前景。     

Corrosion-resistant alloy testing and selection for oil and gas production

ABSTRACT

Corrosion-resistant alloys (CRAs) are employed in severe oil and gas production environments that operate at high pressures and temperatures and contain chlorides, CO₂, and H₂S. They exhibit high resistance to uniform corrosion in these environments due to their passivity. However, they can suffer from different forms of environmentally assisted cracking (EAC), depending on the environmental and metallurgical conditions. This paper reviews the recent literature of EAC in CRAs and presents an overall framework for evaluating the SCC based on electrochemical modelling of corrosion and repassivation potentials for localised corrosion. The modelling is supported by experimental data on crack growth as a function of environmental variables, alloy content, and potential.

This paper is part of a supplementary issue from the 17th Asia-Pacific Corrosion Control Conference (APCCC-17).     

聚异丁烯的性能及应用

文章简述了聚异丁烯的性能,尤其是高活性聚异丁烯的优越性能。介绍了不同分子量聚异丁烯在不同领域的应用,详细阐述了高活性低分子量聚异丁烯在润滑油、高聚物、乳化炸药化妆品以及农药方面的应用。对聚异丁烯的未来发展做了一定的预测。     

塑料制品水性涂料的发展

随着人们环保意识的增强,开发塑料制品水性涂料将取代溶剂型涂料。水性涂料作为一种环保型涂饰材料,具有广阔的应用前景。综述了水性丙烯酸、水性聚氨酯和UV固化等主要的塑料用水性涂料的发展现状、性能特点和应用范围,并提出了其今后的发展方向。     

构建环境友好型社会的生态政治学思考

构建环境友好型社会的核心条件是政治生态化,即构建环境友好型社会的主要责任在政府,主要手段是政府行为,包括决策和管理.政府行为在促进生态环境可持续发展过程中处于主导地位.试图提出构建环境友好型社会在政治层面应采取的具体措施.     

海洋防污涂料的今天和明天

采用有机锡做防污剂的海洋防污涂料曾经风光一时，然而由于它对海洋环境的污染已被明令禁用。为寻找低污染和对环境友好的海洋防污涂料，人们作了种种不懈努力，在此略述一下这些努力的结果。     

Boosting the Performance of Environmentally Friendly Quantum Dot‐Sensitized Solar Cells over 13% Efficiency by Dual Sensitizers with Cascade Energy Structure

Generally, high light‐harvesting efficiency, electron‐injection efficiency, and charge‐collection efficiency are the prerequisites for high‐efficiency quantum‐dot‐sensitized solar cells (QDSCs). However, it is fairly difficult for a single QD sensitizer to meet these three requirements simultaneously. It is demonstrated that these parameters can be felicitously balanced by a cosensitization strategy through the adoption of environmental‐friendly Zn–Cu–In–Se and Zn–Cu–In–S dual QD sensitizers with cascade energy structure. Experimental results indicate that: i) the combination of the dual QDs can improve the light‐harvesting capability of the cells, especially in the visible light window; ii) the cosensitization approach can facilitate electron injection, benefitting from the cascade energy structure of the two QD sensitizers employed; iii) the charge‐collection efficiency can be remarkably enhanced by the suppressed charge‐recombination process due to the improved QD coverage on TiO₂. Consequently, this cosensitization strategy delivers a new certified efficiency record of 12.98% for liquid‐junction QDSCs under AM 1.5G 1 sun irradiation. Moreover, the constructed cells exhibit good stability in a high‐humidity environment.