Un détail de ce qui change: Function of a Function

Why should computation be leading to a bifurcation in architectural detailing, resulting in a simultaneous, and opposing, tendency towards either greater precision in fabrication or increasing plasticity? Architectural designer and theorist Peter Macapia asks what is driving these propensities in computation, and what in turn historically might be the relation between the detail and force. What comes into play now, though, when architectural style is no longer identified by a taxonomy of parts, or a vocabulary of orders, but rather by a network of forces and functions correlating actions? How might economic and political power be interacting with force, the diagram and function in contemporary design?     

Flour quality and dough elasticity: Dough sheetability

Current practices in testing flours call for measuring dough strength, not elasticity. Sheeting is a common method for processing developed doughs, the elasticity of which governs dough’s sheetability as dough springs back exiting rollers. To characterise dough sheetability, a study was conducted testing 18 different doughs made from six different flours. Each dough was sheeted using an instrumented sheeter and data for exit sheet thickness and roll forces were captured under a range of sheeting conditions. The true rheological properties of doughs were measured and used to calibrate the ABBM constitutive model for dough (1). Numerical simulations of sheeting operations were conducted; the R² coefficients between measured and predicted sheet thicknesses and roll forces (vertical and horizontal) were nearly all >0.9. Relaxation times were derived from dough model parameters and revealed that flour quality for dough elasticity should be assessed by examining moisture effects on dough relaxation time.     

Z-15-二十四碳烯酸的制备

对蒜头果油皂化制备Z 15 二十四碳烯酸的实验室工艺进行改进 ,即直接酸化后利用丙酮分步结晶 ,工艺已实现了大规模生产 ,收率达 33%。     

基于连续备择集的模糊综合评判

基于离散备择集的常规模糊综合评判不能准确地描述整个备择区间上的各因素的隶属度,也难以最终得到最优方案,本文提出了基于连续备择集的模糊综合评判,主要利用连续的备择集和函数优化的思想,克服了上述缺陷,可以最终得到最优方案。     

稠油热采老区蒸汽吞吐井经济极限累积产量关系式研究

采用动态财务净现值法,依据河南油田稠油蒸汽吞吐开采的投资及经营成本,结合稠油油藏蒸汽吞吐生产特点,导出了简洁实用的单井蒸汽吞吐经济极限累积产量关系式。在合理确定相关参数的基础上,测算了河南油田特薄层、薄层和中厚层稠油油藏蒸汽吞吐经济极限累积产量,为热采老区开发调整及动用特薄层稠油油藏提供了经济界限参数,可用以指导稠油油藏经济有效地合理开发,进一步提高稠油热采老区资源利用率。     

不同基原大黄药材的HPLC指纹图谱及含量差异研究

目的 通过高效液相色谱(HPLC)指纹图谱及含量测定研究不同基原及批次大黄药材的质量差异.方法 通过HPLC建立大黄药材的指纹图谱,并比较不同基原及批次大黄药材的相似度,并测定3种基原大黄药材的游离蒽醌和总蒽醌类成分的含量.结果 优化了色谱柱、流动相等条件,建立了大黄药材的指纹特征图谱检测方法 ,比较了不同基原及批次间...     

武陵青花椒壳挥发油成分及脂肪酸分析

分别采用水蒸气蒸馏法和同时蒸馏萃取法提取武陵青花椒壳中的挥发油成分,提取率分别为6.4%和8.5%。再用气相色谱-质谱法（GC-MS）对挥发油成分进行分析,用峰面积归一化法确定各组分的相对含量。两种方法均鉴定出43种化合物,其中水蒸气蒸馏法以β-芳樟醇（66.91%）、反式-橙花叔醇（6.28%）、D-柠檬烯（5.24%）、4-萜烯醇（2.6%）为主,同时蒸馏萃取法以β-芳樟醇（64.32%）、D-柠檬烯（5.97%）、反式-橙花叔醇（4.17%）、反式-9-十八烯酸（3.09%）为主。同时对挥发油进行甲酯化,然后用GC-MS对挥发油中含有的脂肪酸进行了分析,共分离鉴定出6种脂肪酸。结果表明:两种方法提取的挥发油的组成及含量存在差异,挥发油中主要为不饱和脂肪酸。水蒸气蒸馏法对无极性和弱极性的萜烯和萜醇类化合物提取效果较好,而同时蒸馏萃取法适于各种极性化合物,对极性稍强的脂肪酸和酯类有较好的提取效果。      

流苏子多糖的提取分离、理化性质及体外α葡萄糖苷酶抑制活性

采用水提醇沉法从流苏子中提取多糖,Sevage法除蛋白,利用DEAE-52纤维和Sephadex G-100凝胶柱色谱进行分离纯化,得到多糖CRp-1,采用化学和仪器分析方法研究了多糖的总糖和蛋白质含量、单糖组成、官能团特征、空间构像等理化性质,并通过体外实验研究CRp-1对α-葡萄糖苷酶的抑制活性。结果显示,从流苏子中分离的多糖CRp-1为白色粉末,溶于水,不溶于有机溶剂;总糖含量为97.12%,蛋白质含量为1.65%,不含单糖和多酚,不属于淀粉多糖;主要由鼠李糖、阿拉伯糖、木糖、甘露糖、葡萄糖和半乳糖组成,其摩尔比为1:5.381:1.146:10.804:6.953:11.908,相对分子质量分别为223200 g/mol;紫外和红外光谱显示具有多糖的特征吸收峰,且含有吡喃糖苷。CRp-1具有三股螺旋结构,且表面为三维多孔结构,并带有一定的圆形颗粒。体外α-葡萄糖苷酶抑制活性实验表明,CRp-1具有一定的α-葡萄糖苷酶抑制活性,具有浓度依赖性。     

Likelihood,probability, and knowledge1

The modal logic LL was introduced by Halpern and Rabin as a means of doing qualitative reasoning about likelihood. Here the relationship between LL and probability theory is examined. It is shown that there is a way of translating probability assertions into LL in a sound manner, so that LL in some sense can capture the probabilistic interpretation of likelihood. However, the translation is subtle; several more obvious attempts are shown to lead to inconsistencies. We also extend LL by adding modal operators for knowledge. This allows us to reason about the interaction between knowledge and likelihood. The propositional version of the resulting logic LLK is shown to have a complete axiomatization and to be decidable in exponential time, provably the best possible.