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11.
In the oxidation of TiAl alloys, the role of scale-growth stresses formed during oxidation has, thus far, been unknown. In the present paper the oxide-growth stresses were investigated by the deflection-test method in monofacial oxidation (DTMO) accompanied by acoustic-emission measurements. On unmodified surfaces the growth stresses are compressive and reach levels of around –100 MPa. At the same time, significant acoustic emission occurs indicating that even under isothermal conditions, stresses are relieved by a scale-cracking mechanism. For oxide scales on TiAl surfaces, which had been ion implanted with chlorine before oxidation, a very thin protective alumina layer is formed which, however, develops growth stresses in the range of several GPa, accompanied by intensive acoustic emission. In all stress–time curves, a dynamic situation is observed. This consists of phases of stress relief by scale microcracking and phases of stresses increase due to crack healing and further oxide growth. As a result, the level of stress as a function of oxidation time, is characterized by an oscillating course. 相似文献
12.
13.
Magnus Rnning Florian Huber Hilde Meland Hilde Venvik De Chen Anders Holmen 《Catalysis Today》2005,100(3-4):249-254
In order to investigate the effect of cerium oxide on Cu–Zn-based mixed-oxide catalysts four catalyst samples were characterized by means of XRD, in situ XANES and thermogravimetric analysis. The activity of the catalyst samples was tested for the forward water–gas shift reaction. Cerium oxide was found to increase the crystallinity of the ZnO phase indicating a segregation of the Cu and ZnO phases. The TOF of the water–gas shift reaction based on chemisorption data was found to be independent of composition and preparation conditions of the four catalyst samples. In contrast, the catalyst stability depends on composition and preparation conditions. Cerium oxide impregnated before calcination of the hydrotalcite-based Cu–Zn precursors leads to a more stable water–gas shift catalyst. 相似文献
14.
In the present work the formation of the interface between polycrystalline silver and thin films of titanium oxide was studied with photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS, UPS) and time-of-flight secondary ion mass spectrometry (TOF-SIMS). Titanium oxide was deposited stepwise on 100 nm thick silver films by reactive magnetron sputtering allowing to study the evolution of the interface formation process. The process involves two steps: formation of thin layer of silver oxide and subsequent growth of the TiO2 film. For better understanding of the silver oxidation process, pure silver films were exposed to a low temperature Ar/O plasma for different time intervals providing a possibility to investigate early stages of the oxide film growth. 相似文献
15.
16.
符金开 《湖南冶金职业技术学院学报》2004,(1)
为了降低气体悬浮焙烧炉焙烧过程中Al_2O_3粒度的破损,对气体悬浮焙烧炉焙烧过程中氧化铝粒度的影响因素进行了分析,提出了降低粒度破损的一些措施。 相似文献
17.
Study on Oxygen Isotope Fractionation in RE Oxide Minerals 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
StudyonOxygenIsotopeFractionationinREOxideMineralsFangTao(方涛),QiuYuzhuo(裘愉卓)(InstituteofGeochemistry,AcademiaSinica,Guiyang5... 相似文献
18.
Tony Maillet Jacques Barbier Jr. Daniel Duprez 《Applied catalysis. B, Environmental》1996,9(1-4):251-266
A 1% Pd catalyst (38% dispersion) was prepared by impregnating a γ-alumina with palladium acetylacetonate dissolved in acetone. The behaviour of this catalyst in oxidation and steam reforming (SR) of propane was investigated. Temperature-programmed reactions of C3H8 with O2 or with O2 + H2O were carried out with different stoichiometric ratios S(S =[O2]/5[C3H8]). The conversion profiles of C3H8 for the reaction carried out in substoichiometry of O2 (S < 1) showed two discrete domains of conversion: oxidation at temperatures below 350°C and SR at temperatures above 350°C. The presence of steam in the inlet gases is not necessary for SR to occur: there is sufficient water produced in the oxidation to form H2 and carbon oxides by this reaction. Contrary to what was observed with Pt, an apparent deactivation between 310 and 385°C could be observed with Pd in oxidation. This is due to a reduction of PdOx into Pd0, which is much less active than the oxide in propane oxidation. Steam added to the reactants inhibits oxidation while it prevents the reduction of PdOx into Pd0. Compared to Pt and to Rh, Pd has a higher thermal resistance: no deactivation occurred after treatment up to 700°C and limited deactivation after treatment up to 900°C, provided that the catalyst is maintained in an oxygen-rich atmosphere during the cooling. 相似文献
19.
A. Andreev L. Prahov M. Gabrovska A. Eliyas V. Ivanova 《Applied catalysis. B, Environmental》1996,8(4):365-373
The catalytic activity of a wide range of transition metal oxides in oxidation of sulphide ions by air in aqueous medium was studied. Some specific features of the reaction mechanism on some of the studied oxides were considered. The transition metal oxides are promising catalysts for practical application. Some of these oxides will allow the preparation of catalysts possessing activity comparable to that of the cobalt phthalocyanine based catalysts, popular in industrial practice. 相似文献
20.
Poly(ethylene aspartate) [PEA] was synthesized by the melt condensation of D,L-aspartic acid and ethylene glycol. PEA containing pendent amino and carbonyl groups in its repeating chain was used as the polymeric ligand for complexation with transition metal ions, viz. Co(II), Ni(II), Cu(II), Mn(II), Zn(II), Cd(II), Ca(II), Mg(II), Pb(II) and Hg(II). Complexation was found to be most effective in DMSO. The resulting polyester-metal complexes were solid coloured materials which have been characterized by IR spectroscopy, elemental analysis and magnetic susceptibility measurements. The thermal stability of the polyester-metal complexes was investigated by thermogravimetric analysis (TGA). On the basis of the physico-chemical studies, an oxygen and nitrogen coordinated structure for the polyester-metal complexes is proposed. 相似文献