有机纤维材料用软膜乳液阻燃剂的制备

采用甲醛、尿素、三聚氰胺、脒基脲磷酸盐为原料,以硼砂、硼酸、氨水为pH调节剂合成了保护胶;在保护胶存在下,以预乳化的丙烯酸酯混合单体于82-88℃共聚合成乳液,将其涂布于有机纤维材料,干燥后得软膜透明阻燃涂层。用其处理的涤棉布阻燃性能为:损毁长度68mm、续燃时间1s、阴燃时间3s、氧指数62、吸附干量287g/kg,处理的纸板的阻燃性能为:平均炭化长度77mm、平均续焰时间2s、平均续灼燃时间32s、吸附干量283g/kg。     

动态力学及介电法研究蓖麻油丙烯酸酯共聚网络悬挂链的弛豫运动

用动态力学（内耗）和介电方法研究了由蓖麻油（ｃａｓｔｏｒｏｉｌ）、甲苯二异氰酸酯（ＴＤＩ）、丙烯酸羟乙酯（ＨＥＭＡ）组成的网络（Ａｉ）和由正己醇取代Ａ网络中部分ＨＥＭＡ组成的网络Ｂｉ（ｉ＝０，１，２，３）两种网络的内耗及介电损耗，内耗峰强度随悬挂链数目增加而升高，证实了网络破坏后形成的悬挂链的运动对内耗及介电损耗峰高有明显的贡献。     

聚酯－聚醚嵌段共聚物的合成及抗静电性能研究

研究和分析了ＰＥＧ分子量、加料次序、反应时间和温度、物料比例、分散剂和固相缩聚等因素对ＰＥＴ－ＰＥＧ嵌段共聚物分子量和耐水性的影响。合成的嵌段共聚酯醚与ＰＥＴ共混纺丝可以显著改善ＰＥＴ纤维的抗静电性能。     

MCS接枝共聚物的结构和形态

将甲基丙烯酸甲酯（ＭＭＡ）、苯乙烯（Ｓ）在氯化聚乙烯（ＣＰＥ）存在下进行悬浮接枝共聚，获得ＭＣＳ树脂。本文着重考察了ＭＣＳ树脂的化学结构及胶粒形态。结果表明，确实发生了接枝共聚。ＣＰＥ用量、ＲＳＨ含量、引发剂浓度、反应温度、溶胀时间及聚合转化率对ＭＣＳ树脂的接枝率、接枝效率均有影响。ＭＣＳ树脂是接枝共聚物、ＭＭＡ／Ｓ共聚物与ＭＭＡ均聚物的混合物，橡胶相ＣＰＥ在ＭＣＳ树脂中的分散情况为“海岛结构”，     

PC／ABS合金的研制及其在汽车上的应用

对ＰＣ／ＡＢＳ合金开发和研制及其在汽车上的应用作了评述。介绍了上海杰事公司在该领域的进展。     

聚乙烯接枝改性及其与铝的粘结性

聚乙烯在过氧化二异丙苯存在下分别与丙烯酸，顺丁烯酸酐，顺丁烯二酸，顺丁烯二酸钠，丙烯酸羧丙酯，甲基丙烯酸环丙酯等单体熔融挤出，产物的红外光谱表明聚乙烯不同程度地接了各种极性基团。     

H-PSMA/PVA/PP复合膜的制备及油-水乳液分离性能

通过两步法对聚丙烯（PP）膜进行了亲水改性:首先,通过在碱性条件下水解苯乙烯-马来酸酐共聚物（PSMA）制备了水解的苯乙烯-马来酸酐共聚物（H-PSMA）;然后,以聚乙烯醇（PVA）为亲水性改性剂,戊二醛（GA）为交联剂,将H-PSMA/PVA/GA复合材料浸涂在PP基底膜上,制备了亲水性水解苯乙烯-马来酸酐共聚物/聚乙烯醇/聚丙烯（H-PSMA/PVA/PP）复合膜。利用傅里叶变换红外光谱（FT-IR）分析表征了H-PSMA和H-PSMA/PVA/GA的结构;通过测试复合膜表面的静态接触角,探究了PVA和GA含量及成膜溶液的质量浓度等对膜表面润湿性能的影响;最后,测试了复合膜的油水分离效率和重复利用率。结果表明:当GA、PVA和H-PSMA的质量比为0.225∶1∶1,成膜溶液的质量浓度为0.03 g/mL时,所制备的H-PSMA/PVA/PP复合物膜对水包油乳液（O/W）表现出优异的分离性能,初次油水分离效率为99.40%,当重复分离10次后,油水乳液的分离效率仍达到98.83%以上。该复合膜的制备工艺具有安全性好、成本低和环境友好的特点。     

Development of Covalent Chitosan-Polyethylenimine Derivatives as Gene Delivery Vehicle: Synthesis,Characterization, and Evaluation

There is an increasing interest in cationic polymers as important constituents of non-viral gene delivery vectors. In the present study, we developed a versatile synthetic route for the production of covalent polymeric conjugates consisting of water-soluble depolymerized chitosan (dCS; M_W 6–9 kDa) and low molecular weight polyethylenimine (PEI; 2.5 kDa linear, 1.8 kDa branched). dCS-PEI derivatives were evaluated based on their physicochemical properties, including purity, covalent bonding, solubility in aqueous media, ability for DNA condensation, and colloidal stability of the resulting polyplexes. They were complexed with non-integrating DNA vectors coding for reporter genes by simple admixing and assessed in vitro using liver-derived HuH-7 cells for their transfection efficiency and cytotoxicity. Using a rational screening cascade, a lead compound was selected (dCS-Suc-LPEI-14) displaying the best balance of biocompatibility, cytotoxicity, and transfection efficiency. Scale-up and in vivo evaluation in wild-type mice allowed for a direct comparison with a commercially available non-viral delivery vector (in vivo-jetPEI). Hepatic expression of the reporter gene luciferase resulted in liver-specific bioluminescence, upon intrabiliary infusion of the chitosan-based polyplexes, which exceeded the signal of the in vivo jetPEI reference formulation by a factor of 10. We conclude that the novel chitosan-derivative dCS-Suc-LPEI-14 shows promise and potential as an efficient polymeric conjugate for non-viral in vivo gene therapy.     

No Direct Postconditioning Effect of Poloxamer 188 on Mitochondrial Function after Ischemia Reperfusion Injury in Rat Isolated Hearts

Myocardial infarction is a leading cause for morbidity and mortality worldwide. The only viable treatment for the ischemic insult is timely reperfusion, which further exacerbates myocardial injury. Maintaining mitochondrial function is crucial in preserving cardiomyocyte function in ischemia reperfusion (IR) injury. Poloxamer (P) 188 has been shown to improve cardiac IR injury by improving cellular and mitochondrial function. The aim of this study was to show if P188 postconditioning has direct protective effects on mitochondrial function in the heart. Langendorff prepared rat hearts were subjected to IR injury ex-vivo and reperfused for 10 min with 1 mM P188 vs. vehicle. Cardiac mitochondria were isolated with 1 mM P188 vs. 1 mM polyethylene glycol (PEG) vs. vehicle by differential centrifugation. Mitochondrial function was assessed by adenosine triphosphate synthesis, oxygen consumption, and calcium retention capacity. Mitochondrial function decreased significantly after ischemia and showed mild improvement with reperfusion. P188 did not improve mitochondrial function in the ex-vivo heart, and neither further P188 nor PEG induced direct mitochondrial protection after IR injury in this model.     

CR／MMA乳液接枝共聚物的研制

用乳液接枝共聚法制备ＣＲ／ＭＭＡ共聚物，讨论ＣＲ乳液、引发剂、接枝温度、ＭＭＡ用量对接枝共聚转化率，接枝ＭＭＡ含量、ＭＭＡ接枝效率和粘接性能的影响，用红外光谱对接枝共聚物进行表征，该共聚物具有较好的粘接性能。