Backshapes of seated persons—how close can the interface be designed?

The backshapes of 114 seated persons were measured. The horizontal and vertical positions of various spinal landmarks are given for male and female subjects and for those with lordotic, straight and kyphotic backs.     

The historical workstation project

Since 1978 research in the development of software dedicated to the specific problems of historical research has been undertaken at the Max-Planck-Institute für Geschichte in Göttingen. From a background of practical experiences during these years, a concept of what an appropriate workstation for an historian would be has been derived. It stresses the necessity of three components: (a) software, derived from a detailed analysis of what differentiates information contained in historical sources from such present in current material, (b) databases which are as easily available as printed books and (c) knowledge bases which allow software and data bases to draw upon the information contained in historical reference works. A loose network of European research projects, dedicated to the realization of such a setup, is described.Manfred Thaller has a Ph.D. (1975) in Modern and Medieval History and held a post-doctoral fellowship in sociology at the Institute for Advanced Studies (Vienna). Since 1978 he has been at the Max-Planck-Institute for History, where he is a research fellow for Historical Information Science.     

Smartphone addiction and associated consequences: role of loneliness and self-regulation

ABSTRACT

The ‘smartphone addiction’ is a popular theme in media. It has number of clear behavioural changes in addicts’ life and some of these aspects are yet to get due research attention. The present study identifies antecedents of smartphone addiction and its associated conflicts. The findings are based on data collected from adolescents, who are major targets for smartphone advertising and also vulnerable to addictions. The findings established ‘loneliness’ and ‘self-regulation’ as the main antecedents for smartphone addiction along with family, personal conflicts and poor academic performance as the significant negative consequences of its excessive use. The study findings would help to create awareness and offer insights for developing effective interventions for addressing smartphone addiction amongst adolescents. The planners, regulatory and administrative authorities will use the study findings to formulate measures that would promote positive coping mechanism to prevent smartphone addiction among adolescents.     

Effective user involvement in product development by improving the analysis of user needs

User involvement has been shown to be beneficial in the development of useful and usable systems. The trend of software development becoming a product-oriented activity creates challenges to user involvement. Field studies appear a promising approach, but the analysis of the gathered user needs has been shown to be demanding. This study presents, on the basis of seven case studies, an early user-involvement process showing how user needs can be analysed and how the input to product development can be identified. In addition, the process is evaluated in two industrial cases with interviews and a questionnaire. The results show that the process supports effective early user involvement; the resulted requirements were evaluated as being more successful and their quality as better than average in a company. However, the case studies show that user involvement not only provides useful information about users' needs but also increases the understanding of users' values.     

对老龄化背景下居住区活动场所的调查研究——以杭州市若干居住小区为例

以不同类型的居住小区活动场所为调研对象,归纳活动场所在老年人Et常生活交往、社区设施布置及环境规划等方面的不足,从总体模式和细节处理上提出对不同类型居住区在规划与建设上的对策,研究结果可供政府将适老社区改造纳入城市综合改造的政策制定参考,也可为今后社区开发中涉及中老年客户的地产项目提供理论支持。     

基于图论模型的三环网络G（N；1，s，s＋1）直径分布算法

针对三环网络,提出一种基于图论模型的直径求解算法。从图论模型出发,以仿真方法得到对于任意给定的N,2≤s≤N-2这样一族三环网络的直径,并得出对于任意的N,有一些S使得G（N：1,s,s＋1）紧优。利用C＋＋编程计算出三环网络的直径分布图,并分析其直径分布特点。     

基于Web的零件族信息集成管理系统的研究与实现

通过分析系统集成的必要性及零件族信息集成管理系统与企业其它系统的交互情况,提出基于Web Service的系统集成方案,建立了面向集成的零件族数据模型;利用XML技术表达、存储异构系统中格式化与非格式化产品数据的方法,开发出了基于Web零件族信息集成管理系统,实现了零件族信息集成管理系统与CAx系统及企业其他管理系统的动态集成,以及各系统间全生命周期零件信息的共享与重用。     

基于结构继承的贝叶斯网结构学习优化设计

采用遗传算法建立贝叶斯网络的优化学习结构,一直是贝叶斯网络研究倍受关注的课题.传统遗传算法的个体设计存在需要反复进行无环性检验的问题,降低了进化效率.针对这个问题,提出一种新的个体编码方式.考虑到进化过程中家族得分的可继承性,提出基于家族继承的结构评分改进算法,进而设计相应的改进遗传算法.实验结果表明,改进算法在BN建网精度与效率上都得到明显提升.     

The "hidden observer" phenomenon in hypnosis: Some additional findings.

23 highly hypnotizable undergraduates (Harvard Group Scale of Hypnotic Susceptibility) underwent 2 specially constructed 7-item hypnotic inductions. Over the 14 items, the main finding was of a relationship between E. R. Hilgard's (1973, 1977, 1979) "hidden observer" effect and 2 aspects of hypnotic age regression. Ss reporting a hidden observer experienced duality during regression to age 5, in which they were aware of being both adult and child. When asked to write a complex sentence, most did so, usually without spelling errors. The Ss not reporting this effect experienced quasi-lateral age regression in which they had the exclusive feeling of being 5 yrs old, with no sense of an adult identity. Most of these Ss were unable to write the same complex sentence when requested to during age regression. The study replicated Hilgard's finding of the hidden observer phenomenon in terms of its incidence and obtained similar verbal reports from Ss experiencing it. At the same time, the results suggest that a neodissociation account of hypnosis may need some modifications to accommodate these additional findings. (27 ref) (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2010 APA, all rights reserved)     

NZP陶瓷增压器蜗壳隔热管的研制

NZP陶瓷具有低膨胀、低导热、高抗热震性，是用于隔热抗热震场合的理想材料，本文采用沉淀法合成CM粉料、等静压成型、分段烧成制度，成功地制备出NZP陶瓷增压器蜗壳隔热管。