基于大数据的产品族本体造型意象挖掘方法研究

为提升产品造型意象成族的准确性,增强感性工学研究中意象词汇提取的规范性和知识重用性。 首先从同族、泛族、异族的概念切入,对目标产品族的造型意象本体进行了定义;再借助 word2vec 工具和主 成分分析法(PCA)分别完成了对产品族意象词汇的关联性联想和降维提取,从而构建了意象词汇挖掘机制,通 过此机制可以辅助设计师利用网络大数据资源更高效、准确地进行目标产品意象的挖掘,一定程度上解决了传 统感性工学在意象挖掘方法中模糊性。最后结合意象词汇与造型特征的映射关系,利用 Protege 工具构建了产 品族造型意象的本体模型,对目标产品的造型意象知识进行了逻辑化表征,为下一代产品继承并发展原产品族 造型意象提供参考。以马自达 MX-5 车系的造型意象为例构建了本体模型,并进行了子代产品前脸的概念设计。     

产品族架构与竞争优势关联影响分析

产品族竞争优势是产品族在市场上比其他同类产品更能带来利润或效益的优势。产品族以大规模定制的方式实现了大规模生产不具备的定制化优势和单一方式不具备的规模优势。通过梳理产品族架构的过程,提出产品族架构的金字塔结构,并分析了影响产品族架构的其他因素;分析了产品族竞争优势,将产品族竞争优势分为规模优势和定制化优势;描述了产品族架构与市场、供应链、企业技术能力、企业制造能力等影响因素对产品族竞争优势的影响的分析模型。     

基于层次分析法的高校贫困生灰色综合认定方法

针对高校家庭经济困难学生资格认定的问题,提出了运用层次分析法来确定评定指标权重;引入灰色系统理论,建立了科学的高校家庭经济困难学生资格等级认定方法,以期实现对学生经济困难程度的准确判定.     

基于ADO.Net的农路基础数据更新系统信息批量处理方法

农路基础数据更新系统（e-Road）是农路管理信息化的重要平台。在内业处理子系统中,根据信息更新需求,依托C#语言平台,采用三层架构设计,开发了基于ADO.NET的数据库程序,提出了基于ADO.Net的农路基础数据更新系统信息批量处理方法。并通过实例,验证了该方法是可行的、高效的。     

Pb-Free solders: Part 1. Wettability testing of Sn−Ag−Cu alloys with Bi additions

Maximum bubble pressure, dilatometric, and meniscographic methods were used in the investigations of the surface tension, density, wetting time, wetting force, contact angle, and interfacial tension of liquid alloys of Sn−Ag−Cu eutectic composition with various additions of Bi. Density and surface tension measurements were conducted in the temperature range 250–900 °C. Surface tensions at 250 °C measured under a protective atmosphere of Ar−H₂ were combined with data from meniscographic studies done under air or with a protective flux. The meniscographic data with a nonwetted teflon substrate provided data on interfacial tension (solder-flux), surface tension in air, and meniscographic data with a Cu substrate allowed determinations of wetting time, wetting force, and calculation of contact angle. The calculated wetting angles from meniscographic studies for binary Sn−Ag eutectic and two ternary Sn−Ag−Cu alloys were verified by separate measurements by the sessile drop method under a protective atmosphere with a Cu substrate. Additions of Bi to both ternary alloys improve the wettability and move the parameters somewhat closer to those of traditional Sn−Pb solders.     

基于零件族的工艺变型设计研究

提出了支持工艺变型的产品结构建模和信息建模的方法，建立了支持工艺设计的零件族工艺模型．研究了基于零件族的工艺变型设计实现技术。     

国内钢管企业应正确选用张力减径工艺和设备

针对国内一些地方企业应用张力减径工艺和设备存在的偏差,指出应正确选用张力减径工艺,不能把经过张力减径的焊管称为无缝钢管。张力减径设备从设计到制造都有严格的要求,若选用不当,则达不到减径功能,难以生产出合格的产品。     

Application of Graham scan algorithm in binary phase diagram calculation

Graham scan, a computational geometric algorithm for finding a two-dimensional convex hull, is introduced to calculate binary phase diagrams. This algorithm is modified and applied to find the convex hull of discrete points in the space of Gibbs energy vs mol fraction. The modified Graham scan algorithm has a very low computational cost, which improves efficiency in binary phase diagram calculation.     

Crack initiation model for sensitized 304 stainless steel in high temperature water

To investigate the initiation behavior of stress corrosion cracking (SCC) for sensitized Type 304 stainless steel in high temperature water, a constant load SCC test method combined with in situ crack observation technique was employed. The in situ crack observation system allowed us to detect small cracks of at least 100 μm. As a result, a fracture time decreased with an increase in an applied stress. The first cracks were observed at most 3 h before the specimen was fractured under all the stress conditions. After that, many cracks were initiated in a short time to fracture. The fracture was caused by coalescence of multiple cracks rather than by growth of some primary cracks. The simulation model for surface crack initiation was newly developed using a Monte Carlo method, which was based on damage mechanics and stress analysis around the existing cracks. The simulation could represent the empirical results of changes in the crack distribution and the cumulative number of cracks during the SCC tests. It was concluded, therefore, that the crack initiation process should be considered in simulating the life prediction of the material in this SCC system.     

Justifications,Strategies, and Critical Success Factors in Successful ITIL Implementations in U.S. and Australian Companies: An Exploratory Study

Abstract

A growing number of organizations are implementing the ITIL (IT Infrastructure Library) “best practice” framework in an attempt to improve their IT service management processes. However, not all ITIL implementations are successful and some companies have been disappointed with the outcomes. This exploratory research reports on four case studies of “successful” implementations of IT service management using the process-based ITIL V2 framework. Two companies are located in the U.S. and two in Australia. The cases demonstrate a mix of implementation justifications and strategies. Critical success factors (CSFs) suggested in the literature are compared against those attributed to these successful ITIL implementations. Some CSFs, including executive management support, interdepartmental communication and collaboration, use of consultants, training and careful software selection are confirmed. Three new CSFs are identified: creating an ITIL-friendly culture, process as a priority, and customer-focused metrics. Practitioner guidelines, to assist IT managers, who are contemplating adopting ITIL for process improvement and organisational transformation, are also provided together with some challenges encountered and their associated resolutions.