Effects of ripening on microstructure and texture of “Ameixa d’Elvas” candied plums

The plums used to produce a traditional candied product, “Ameixa d’Elvas”, were obtained from two orchards, Vila Viçosa (VV) and Cano (CA). These orchards were selected because the fruits were behaving differently: (1) The day of harvesting for candying, established by the total soluble solids and titratable acidity, was one week earlier in VV; (2) VV yielded candied plums with good texture properties whereas CA gave poor processed fruits. In order to understand the origin of these differences, fruits from both orchards were harvested on the day established as the harvesting day for VV (day 1) and for CA (day 8). Comparable texture properties were obtained in firmness, rigidity and deformation work between the VV fresh plums harvested on day 1 and the CA plums harvested on day 8 but these were lower in CA when the flesh was analysed separately, in accordance with the activities of pectin methyl esterase (PME), polygalacturonase (PG) and cellulase (Cel). The increase of the intercellular area of parenchyma cells and the decrease in cell area caused by boiling, which resulted in a pronounced loss of textural properties, were partially recovered after the immersion of the fruits in sucrose syrup. The CA plums harvested on day 8 had a more pronounced degradation with boiling and lower recovery of cell shape, size and textural characteristics than had those of VV harvested on day 1. Upon candying, similar properties were observed for the fruits harvested on the same day: good candied products were observed for VV and CA fruits harvested on day 1 and poor candied products were observed for VV and CA fruits harvested on day 8. This work shows that the characteristics of the flesh of the fresh fruits are key parameters in defining the textural properties of the candied plum. The establishment of the harvesting moment for candying should take into account the changes that occur in the flesh of the plums during ripening.     

Serum-Free Cultures: Could They Be a Future Direction to Improve Neuronal Differentiation of Mesenchymal Stromal Cells?

Mesenchymal stem/stromal cells (MSCs) are undifferentiated cells with multilinear potential, known for their immunomodulatory and regenerative properties. Although the scientific community is working to improve their application, concerns limit their use to repair tissues following neurological damage. One of these obstacles is represented by the use of culture media supplemented with fetal bovine serum (FBS), which, due to its xenogenic nature and the risk of contamination, has increased scientific, ethical and safety problems. Therefore, the use of serum-free media could improve MSC culture methods, avoiding infectious and immunogenic transmission problems as well as MSC bioprocesses, without the use of animal components. The purpose of our review is to provide an overview of experimental studies that demonstrate that serum-free cultures, along with the supplementation of growth factors or chemicals, can lead to a more defined and controlled environment, enhancing the proliferation and neuronal differentiation of MSCs.     

Structural and Molecular Kinetic Features of Activities of DNA Polymerases

DNA polymerases catalyze DNA synthesis during the replication, repair, and recombination of DNA. Based on phylogenetic analysis and primary protein sequences, DNA polymerases have been categorized into seven families: A, B, C, D, X, Y, and RT. This review presents generalized data on the catalytic mechanism of action of DNA polymerases. The structural features of different DNA polymerase families are described in detail. The discussion highlights the kinetics and conformational dynamics of DNA polymerases from all known polymerase families during DNA synthesis.     

外语院校国际化人才培养模式研究

在分析我国外语院校原有人才培养模式的基础上,结合外语院校的实际情况,阐述了在知识经济和经济全球化背景下外语院校国际化人才的培养模式,并介绍了相关外语院校国际化人才培养的实践情况。     

基于REVIT族的刚接柱脚BIM方法研究

基于REVIT族的图形辅助编译功能,可实现参数化驱动图形的建模;通过嵌套族的关联驱动,特别适合于复杂的组合构件族的开发。通过创建刚接柱脚组合构件的嵌套族,阐述了REVIT族在参数的驱动、关联和传递方面的应用优势,探索复杂组合构件的BIM设计方法及其参数控制技巧,为BIM标准化构件信息资讯平台的建立提供必要的探索。     

家庭因素对体育专业大学生心理健康的影响

采用SCL-90量表与问卷调查相结合的方法,对体育专业大学生心理健康状况进行调查,分析了家庭来源地、父母受教育程度、父母关系及家庭经济状况各因素对体育专业大学生心理健康的影响.发现父母关系状况对体育专业大学生心理健康有显著影响;经济状况不同对大学生人际关系产生影响.进一步调查发现不同经济来源对大学生心理产生不同影响,家庭来源地、父母受教育程度对体育专业大学生心理健康状况无显著性影响.     

加强产学合作搞好重点专业建设

从产学合作教育的组织机构建设、校内外产学合作教育基地建设、校企技术合作研究、培养双师队伍等几个方面论述了产学合作教育对重点专业建设的重要性;通过产学合作教育,形成了一主线、两体系、宽基础、多方向、走产学研合作教育的教学培养模式,使学生的岗位能力和实践技能得到加强.     

基于Hadoop软件框架下海量数据集群处理的探究

现在的海量数据（Big Data）的处理,已经不再是以多少字节（Bit）或者多少兆字节（MBit）为单位了,而是达到千兆位（GB）或者是兆兆位（TB）,在如此庞大的数据信息量面前传统的网络数据处理方式（或者计算方式）,已经远远不能满足实际的需求了,此种情况下基于分布式系统框架结构的Hadoop软件框架应运而生了.