Effect of chemical component on shape memory effect of Fe-Mn-Si-Ni-C-RE shape memory alloy

Effect of chemical component on shape memory effect (SME) of Fe-Mn-Si-Ni-C-RE shape memory alloys was studied by bent measurement, thermal cycle training, SEM etc. Results of study indicate that the alloys with high Mn content (25%) appeare better SME, especially in lower strain. SME improves evidently when Si is higher content, especially it's range from 3% up to 4%. But brittleness of Fe-Mn-Si-Ni-C-RE alloy increases by increasing the Si content. SME of the alloy is weakening gradually as carbon content increases under small strain (3%). But in the condition of large strain (above 6%), SME of the alloy whose carbon content ranges from 0.1 % to 0.12% shows small decreasing range, especially of alloy with the addition of compound RE.     

环己胺类气相缓蚀剂对锌在薄层液膜下的缓蚀机理研究

采用电化学极化曲线和交流阻抗及红外光谱分析法，研究了铬酸二环已胺、磷酸环已胺、亚硝酸二环已胺和碳酸环已胺这4种气相缓蚀剂对金属Zn的缓蚀作用和吸附行为．4种气相缓蚀剂均属于覆盖效应作用机理的阳极型缓蚀剂．铬酸二环已胺、磷酸环已胺和亚硝酸二环已胺抑制了金属Zn在0．5mol/L Na2SO4薄层液膜下的阳极反应而对阴极反应影响很小．缓蚀效果以铬酸二环已胺最好，碳酸环已胺对Zn试件的腐蚀几乎无影响．红外发射吸收光谱的结果也表明铬酸二环已胺在锌试件表面的吸附效果最佳．     

铸态FeMnSiCrNi合金的形状记忆效应

分别研究了预变形量对超低碳与含0.12%碳的铸态FeMnSiCrNi形状记忆合金的形状记忆效应的影响,并将以上结果与冷拉FeMnSiCrNi形状记忆合金的结果进行了比较。结果表明:预变形量小于5%时,两种铸态合金的形状记忆效应基本不变;而预变形量大于5%时,随预变形量的增加形状记忆效应降低。当预变形量相同时,含0.12%碳的合金的形状记忆效应低于超低碳合金。预变形量为5%时,超低碳与含0.12%碳的合金的形状回复率分别达到73%、62%,具有与冷拉FeMnSiCrNi丝相当的形状记忆效应。     

电场、残余应力和介质对PZT-5H铁电陶瓷压痕裂纹扩展的耦合作用

通过在硅油中加恒电场实验,研究了PZT-5H铁电陶瓷Vickers压痕裂纹的扩展行为,探讨了电场、残余应力以及介质间的耦合作用.结果表明,残余应力不足以使压痕裂纹在硅油中发生滞后扩展,只有外加恒电场E>0.2 kV/cm,电场、残余应力和介质的耦合才能使压痕裂纹在经过一个孕育期tp后发生滞后扩展.由于有效应力强度因子随裂纹扩展而下降,故压痕裂纹扩展10-30 μm后就将止裂.压痕裂纹在硅油中滞后扩展的门槛电场强度EDp=0.2 kV/cm.如外加电场大于临界电场Ep=5.25 kV/cm,电场和残余应力的耦合可使压痕裂纹瞬时扩展;保持恒电场,裂纹能继续扩展,然后止裂.如外加电场大于12.6 kV/cm,不需要残余应力协助,电致裂纹也能在光滑试样上形核、长大、连接,导致试样断裂.试样发生电致滞后断裂的门槛电场EDF=12.6 kV/cm,发生瞬时断裂的临界电场EF=19.1 kV/cm.     

温挤压模具的温度场分析与冷却方式研究

温挤压作为一种少无切削成形技术，因其成形精度高、变形力小，且可连续生产的特点，已被逐渐用于各类精密机械零件的塑性成形。不同的温挤压成形温度对模具的热效应不同，特别是中高温温挤压成形，故模具的冷却显得尤其重要。     

Composite corrosion inhibitors for secondary alkaline zinc anodes

The corrosion inhibition property of PEG600 and In(OH)3 as composite corrosion inhibitors for secondary alkaline zinc electrodes was studied, and the inhibition efficiency was determined as 81.9%. The research focused on the mechanism by the methods of electrochemical impedance spectroscopy, polarization curves and IR spectroscopy. The results indicate that the corrosion inhibition effectiveness is attributed to the joint inhibition of anodic zinc dissolution and cathodic hydrogen evolution. And the anodic process is depressed to a greater extent than the cathodic process. The synergistic mechanism of the composite inhinbitors proves to be the enhancement of adsorption of PEG600 by In(OH)3. Potentiostatic experiment results and SEM images verify the inhibition of dendritic growth by the composite inhibitors.     

Cu—Zn—Al合金逆形状记忆组织的电镜观察

用透射电镜观察了Cu-Zn-Al合金中逆形状记忆的贝氏体组织。在外加约束应力作用下,逆记忆量可以提高一个数量级,贝氏体片侧相界面的抛物线轮廓和贝氏体片交叉曲折的现象说明了贝氏体展宽是扩散控制的切变过程。     

Substitutional diffusion and Kirkendall effect in binary crystalline solids containing discrete vacancy sources and sinks

We investigate vacancy-mediated diffusion in a binary substitutional alloy by explicitly accounting for discrete vacancy sources and sinks. The regions between sources and sinks are treated as binary crystals with a perfect lattice structure containing a dilute concentration of vacancies. The sources and sinks are assumed ideal, maintaining an equilibrium vacancy concentration in their immediate vicinity. Diffusion within the perfect lattice is described with a diffusion-coefficient matrix determined by kinetic Monte Carlo simulations for a binary, thermodynamically ideal alloy in which the components have different vacancy-exchange frequencies. Continuum simulations are performed for diffusion couples with discrete grain boundaries acting as vacancy sources and sinks. Effective grain coarsening due to the Kirkendall effect is observed even in the absence of Gibbs-Thomson driving forces. As in standard ternary systems, uphill diffusion is observed. We also find that the drift of the lattice frame of reference as a result of the Kirkendall effect increases with the source/sink density. Upon increasing the density of vacancy sources and sinks, we recover the conventional treatment of substitutional diffusion, which assumes a dense and uniform distribution of vacancy sources and sinks that maintain an equilibrium vacancy concentration throughout the solid. The inverse Kirkendall effect, where the slower component segregates at grain boundaries acting as vacancy sinks, is also observed in the simulations.     

Mechanical alloying of Mo—Si—Fe powders

Mechanical milling behavior of Mo-Si-Fe powders was investigated u sing XRD, SEM and TEM techniques. The mixtures of elemental molybdenum (>99%), s ilicon (>99%) and iron (>98%) powders with a stoichiometry of Mo5-xFe xSi3 (x=0.5, 1, 2) were milled in a planetary mill for up to 195 h. For all three powder mixt ures, high-energy milling of 60h led to formation of the Mo(Fe, Si) supers aturated solid solution (Moss); and to a remarkable expansion of the solub ility of Fe, Si in molybdenum. The transformation of Moss to an amorphous phase was identified after longer time milling. In the milling process, the grain size of Mo (Fe, Si) decreased gradually and the internal stress increased linearly. After 40 h milling, the grain size was reduced to about 11 nm. SEM analysis of milled powders showed that the particle size increased initially with milling time. After 195 h milling, particles exhibited a spherical morphology and the particle size were reduced to about 100 nm.     

电场作用对提高微生物浸矿性能的影响

在排土场微生物强化浸出过程中,结合电场生物工程技术,以氧化亚铁硫杆菌为研究对象,提出利用电场作用提高微生物浸矿性能的方法,探讨电场作用对微生物生长代谢以及渗流特性的影响。结果表明：电场作用对氧化亚铁硫杆菌生长代谢的影响非常明显,适当的电场可有效强化其生长代谢能力,过高的电流会抑制氧化亚铁硫杆菌生长;电场作用下,排土场孔隙中微生物的渗流能力明显增强,微生物电动渗流效应在渗透率高排土场中尤为明显。