Characteristics of temperature-compensator fillers in convective shafts of boiler units

Results of investigations of the physico-mechanical and aerodynamic characteristics of granular materials used as channel fillers in the temperature compensators of convective shafts of boiler units are presented. Possible causes of influxes of air into gas conduits of the boiler through a sand compensator are analyzed. A multilayer procedure is proposed for filling of the bulk compensator, and computational relationships are presented for determination of the height of each layer and its aerodynamic resistance. Results of the investigations were implemented at the Krasnoyarsk TéTs-2 thermoelectric power station (TEPS) during assembly of the No. 6 BKZ-500-140 boiler. __________ Translated from élektricheskie Stantsii, January, 2007, No. 1, pp. 31–35.     

多级交替注入酸压优化新方法研究

提出了一种优化多级交替注入酸压每一级交替时间及阶段液量的新方法,优化的依据是整个裂缝的瞬时总滤失量。建立了瞬时总滤失量的计算模型,并结合酸压经典模型编制了优化多级交替注入酸压的软件。采用现场实际数据进行了模拟计算,将计算结果与采用相同酸量但固定每一级交替时间和用液量的泵注方式进行了对比。结果表明,使用新方法优化后的泵注方式所得到的酸蚀裂缝长度和导流能力都得到了明显提高。说明通过该方法优化多级交替注入酸压可以提高酸液的利用效率,改善酸压效果。     

Increasing Raffinate Dewaxing Efficiency

The efficiency of dewaxing of wide and narrow distillation raffinates using different mixed solvents: acetone and methyl–tert–butyl ether (MTBE), acetone and toluene, methyl ethyl ketone (MEK) and toluene, is compared. Decreasing the cutpoints from 100–140 to 50–70°C increases the filtration rate by 2 and more times and the yield of dewaxed lube oil by 2.5–5% as a function of the solvent used.     

油浆过滤装置自动控制在DCS上的实现

介绍了中国石化股份公司九江分公司Ⅱ套催化油浆过滤试验装置的工艺原理和程序化控制原理，采用系统的CL／HPM编程方式实现该装置自动控制的方法。     

THE COMPOSITION OF FINE PARTICLES WHICH AFFECT MASH FILTRATION

The fine particulate material from various types of mash has been analysed. These particles which influence the rate of wort separation consist of aggregates of protein, hemicellulose (pentosan and β-glucan), small starch granules and lipid. All grists investigated yielded such aggregates with similar qualitative composition but with marked variations in the relative amounts of individual components. There is no evidence that retrograded amylose contributes significantly to the composition of the aggregated particles. When heat stable β-glucanase is added to a mash containing 20% raw barley, neither the volume nor the β-glucan content of the fines changes appreciably but the texture is altered. The action of the glucanase loosens the structure of the particles to release small starch granules into the mash and the residual structure has a more porous appearance which probably allows freer passage of wort through the grain bed. The origin of mash-bed particles is the endosperm of the ungerminated barley or the under-modified regions of the malt.     

一项民间的高效空气滤纸对比试验

共13家实验室参与了民间发起的、非商业目的的空气滤纸对比试验,旨在检验国内高效滤纸数据的偏离程度。对于同一种滤纸,由于试验方法和试验条件的差异,在不同实验室给出的滤纸透过率数据中,有近三个数量级的差别,而那些数据确实是按各自遵从的标准方法测出的。试验方法的混乱,是阻碍国产滤纸和过滤器进入高端市场的瓶颈。     

Immunoglobulin Separation from Egg Yolk: A Serial Filtration System

A serial filtration system was developed for separating immunoglobulin from egg yolk (IgY). Egg yolk was diluted 10 times with water, adjusted to pH 5.0, frozen, then thawed. The diluted yolk was diafiltered through a hard filter paper at 4-6°C to produce a clear water-soluble fraction (WSF). The WSF was then delipidated by filtering through a hydrophobic membrane filter. Ultrafiltration of delipidated WSF at pH 9.0, at 4-6°C, in the presence of 1.5M NaCl resulted in electrophoretically pure (>90%) IgY with a recovery of about 92%. Advantages of this method are the use of only a few mild chemicals and the potential of developing a continuous process.     

Combustion limits of liquid monofuels

A mathematical model for steady-state nonadiabatic waves of filtration combustion of liquid monofuels in narrow tubes is proposed. Using this model, it is shown that combustion in this system can proceed in two regimes with different dominant mechanisms of heat transfer from combustion products to the preflame zone. The nature and parametric dependences of the limits of both regimes are analyzed. Calculations using the model are in good agreement with experimental data on the combustion of liquid hydrazine in narrow tubes. __________ Translated from Fizika Goreniya i Vzryva, Vol. 45, No. 2, pp. 29–39, March–April, 2008.     

柴油机壁流式过滤体非稳态捕集过程的计算模型

基于排气在柴油机壁流式过滤体内的流动特点,并在综合分析壁流式过滤体深床捕集阶段捕集特点和滤饼捕集阶段捕集特点的基础上,建立了壁流式过滤体非稳态捕集过程的计算模型.该模型通过提出容纳度的概念,有效地区分了深床捕集阶段和滤饼捕集阶段;通过提出微粒在过滤壁表面沉积效率的概念,定量地描述了沉积在过滤壁表面的微粒量.基于该模型,介绍了计算算法,并编制了相应的计算程序.使用该模型研究了过滤体的捕集效率、流动阻力以及沉积在过滤体内微粒质量的非稳态变化规律.计算结果与试验结果吻合得较好,表明该模型在工程实际应用中具有可行性.     

袋式除尘器的设计及过滤材料的选择

介绍了影响袋式除尘器效率的因素,如工作系统的温度、粒径、气体的成分、过滤速度、过滤袋材料等,同时对过滤材料的选择和过滤原理、过滤材料的新技术等进行了论述。