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71.
将三聚氰胺氰尿酸盐(MCA)作为阻燃剂,采用一步全水发泡法,制备一系列硬质聚氨酯泡沫/三聚氰胺氰尿酸盐复合材料(RPUF/MCA),采用扫描电子显微镜(SEM)、热重分析(TG)、极限氧指数(LOI)、UL-94垂直燃烧、烟密度测试、傅立叶红外光谱(FT-IR)及拉曼光谱表征,研究了MCA对硬质聚氨酯泡沫(RPUF)泡孔结构、热稳定性、阻燃性及燃烧烟气密度的影响。研究表明,MCA能够显著提高RPUF/MCA的阻燃性能,30份的MCA使RPUF/MCA30达到UL-94 V-1级别,极限氧指数达到22.0%。热重测试结果表明,MCA的添加使成炭率降低;同时发现,MCA的添加降低了RPUF/MCA泡沫复合材料的初始热分解温度和复合材料的燃烧烟气密度,有效地提高了复合材料火灾安全性能。 相似文献
72.
采用极限氧指数法、热重分析和差示扫描量热分析等研究了碳酸钙(CaCO3)对乙烯-丙烯酸丁酯共聚物(EBA)阻燃及热降解行为的影响,探讨了CaCO3对EBA力学性能和熔体流动速率的影响。结果表明,CaCO3降低了EBA的拉伸强度、断裂伸长率和熔体流动速率,但复合阻燃材料仍具有良好的加工性能;当CaoCO3含量为60%(质量分数,下同)时,阻燃材料的极限氧指数可达28.5%。CaCO3通过EBA在热降解过程中与之发生化学反应来改变EBA的热降解行为,提高在高温下的热稳定性,降低EBA的热降解速率,促进高温下成炭在凝缩相中发挥阻燃作用。此外,CaCO3与EBA在热降解过程中形成隔热、隔氧的多孔泡沫膨胀结构,可进一步加强阻燃效果。 相似文献
73.
An in situ deposition approach was used for the synthesis of nano‐CaSO4 and nano‐Ca3(PO4)2. The nanosize particles were confirmed with an X‐ray diffraction technique. Composites of polypropylene (PP) with 0.1–0.5 wt % nano‐ or commercial CaSO4 or nano‐Ca3(PO4)2 were prepared. The transition from the α phase to the β phase was observed for 0.1–0.3 wt % nano‐CaSO4/PP and nano‐Ca3(PO4)2/PP composites. This was confirmed by Fourier transform infrared. A differential scanning calorimetry analysis was carried out to determine the thermal behavior of the nanocomposites with increasing amounts of the nano‐CaSO4 and nano‐Ca3(PO4)2 fillers. Increases in the tensile strength and Young's modulus were observed up to certain loading and were followed by a decrease in the tensile strength. A continuous decrease in the elongation at break (%) was also observed for commercial CaSO4 and larger nano‐Ca3(PO4)2. A decrease in the mechanical properties after a certain loading might have been due to the agglomeration and phase transition of PP in the composites. © 2006 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci 103: 670–680, 2007 相似文献
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76.
采用双通道的FP-640火焰光度计对磷矿中钾、钠元素进行联合测定试验。试验结果表明:在0.1%~1.0%区间内,K2O的相对标准偏差(RSD)为1.88%~2.93%,回收率为96.6%~102.7%;Na2O的相对标准偏差(RSD)为1.05%~2.10%,回收率为97.3%~101.2%。 相似文献
77.
78.
Discrete-continual model of flame propagation in a gas suspension of metal particles. I. One-dimensional approximation 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
Experimental data on combustion of magnesium particles in oxygen-containing gas mixtures are analyzed and generalized, which allowed us to develop a semi-empirical mathematical model that takes into account the integral effect of the initial particle size, pressure, and velocity of the oxidizing flow on combustion. Flame propagation in an air suspension of fine magnesium particles is considered in a one-dimensional approximation. For this purpose, a discrete-continual model of flame propagation in a gas suspension of metal particles is developed. The flammability limits in a vessel, caused by heat losses into the ambient medium and by spatial nonuniformity of the distribution of disperse-phase particles, are numerically determined, and the influence of nonuniformity and bidispersion of a one-dimensional ensemble of particles on flame characteristics is studied.__________Translated from Fizika Goreniya i Vzryva, Vol. 41, No. 2, pp. 81–93, March–April, 2005. 相似文献
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80.
Wey Yang Teoh Frans Denny Rose Amal Donia Friedmann Lutz Mädler Sotiris E. Pratsinis 《Topics in Catalysis》2007,44(4):489-497
A comparative photocatalytic analysis was carried out on TiO2 made in a Flame Spray Pyrolysis (FSP) process and flame-made Degussa P25. Both have similar crystallinity, phase composition,
phase segregation and a non-porous surface. Hence comparison was made based on their difference in specific surface area,
organic adsorption and the amount of OH• generated upon illumination. The photocatalytic activity tests were carried out using
the following series of organic compounds: sucrose, glucose, fructose, maleic acid, glyoxylic acid, oxalic acid, isobutyric
acid, phenol and methanol. FSP-made TiO2 outperformed P25 for saccharides mineralisation, while for phenol and methanol mineralisation P25 was better than FSP-made
TiO2. Similar mineralisation rates were observed for both FSP-made and P25 TiO2 for the mineralisation of carboxylic acids. This shows that the relative performance of the photocatalysts depends on the
type of organic compounds to be degraded. The high surface area and possibly a more efficient interfacial charge transfer
of FSP-made TiO2 provided an efficient pathway for saccharides mineralisation. As for phenol and methanol, the mineralisation rates were higher
when using P25 due to the greater amount of OH• radicals generated by this photocatalyst. The fast mineralisation rates of
carboxylic acids made degradation of these organic compounds to be less affected by the TiO2 photocatalyst properties and conditions tested in this work. 相似文献