涂料用支化型饱和聚酯树脂的合成及表征

采用溶液缩聚的方法,以对苯二甲酸、间苯二甲酸、己二酸、新戊二醇、一缩二乙二醇和1,1,1-三羟甲基丙烷(TMP)为原料,合成了一类新型的涂料用支化型饱和聚酯树脂。介绍了合成工艺及原材料的选择。通过红外光谱分析、X-射线衍射、热重分析和差热分析等测试其结构、形态和热性能。结果表明,合成的涂料用支化型饱和聚酯树脂的热稳定性较高。     

铁通公司FTTH发展与建设思考

本文从FTTH发展思路、应用场景、建设模式等方面进行阐述,并对铁通公司FTTH下一步发展提出4点建议。     

Thickening and Rheological Properties of Crystalline Polyester Used in Low Pressure Sheet Molding Compounds

Low pressure sheet molding compound (LPMC,1.0-3.0 MPa,95-103 ℃) is a new kind of thermosetting material with crystalline polyester as a physical thickenner.LPMC is different from conventional SMC using an earth oxide thickening agent (e.g.MgO) as chemical thickenner,it relies on the physical thickening of crystalline polyester.Crystalline polyester resin is the key material to mold LPMC parts.Currently there was no report about the thickening mechanism of crystalline polyester in LPMC.In this article,crystalline polyester resins,whose melting points were between 45 ℃ and 89 ℃,were synthesized by a two-step esterification.The melt points of crystalline polyesters are controlled by regulating the mol ratio of the two glycols and the two acids.And by means of varying the content of crystalline polyester resin,the thickening effect on resin paste is investigated.In addition,the thickening mechanism of crystalline polyester in LPMC was investigated by FTIR and DSC analysis.The effects of the diameters and viscosity of crystalline polyester on the rheological property and fiber distribution of LPMC sheets were studied,too.Results show that the thickening effect is excellent when the weight content of crystalline polyester resin is 3%.And there exists three kinds of functions acting in the process of thickening:swelling,hydrogen bonds and induction crystallization.During the preparing process of resin paste in LPMC,the temperature of resin paste must be kept at 90 ℃.In addition,crystalline polyester make LPMC have a perfect fluid property.When the viscosity of LPMC sheet is beyond 1 kPa s,the fiber orientation is not obvious.But when the viscosity of LPMC sheet is about 500 Pa s,the fiber shows a certain degree of orientation.Moreover the study of physical and chemical thickening mechanism of crystalline polyester and the rheological discipline of LPMC sheets in the hot mould will provide the researchers and enterprises with theory guidance.     

广东省化纤行业的现状及未来发展建议

通过对广东省化纤发展现状和有利因素进行分析,指出了主要存在问题,提出未来发展建议.     

Extruded tellurite glass optical fiber preforms

The extrusion behavior of tellurite glass in the supercooled liquid region was investigated. Good extrusion formability was observed under low strain rates at various temperatures in the glass transformation region investigated. Tube and holey fiber (HF) preforms were fabricated from tellurite glass billets using a laboratory press. In particular, the results for three-spoke HF design and round tube preforms with composition 75TeO₂·20ZnO·5Na₂O (TZN) are presented. The extruded preforms with precise geometrical features, an excellent surface quality and no crystallization were achieved in the temperatures range from 344 to 360 °C and at ram speeds ranging from 0.002 to 0.01 mm/s. Discrete shear bands were observed in the preforms, increasing in number and/or becoming better defined with increasing load and ram speed. Fewer shear bands were present when increasing the extrusion temperature from 344 to 360 °C. Thus, subsequent extrudates were successfully fabricated free of shear bands, providing good optical homogeneity that yielded solid and holey fibers that could provide much improved optical performance.     

低成本高性能芳香族聚恶二唑纤维的发展前景

综述了俄罗斯产的芳香族聚恶二唑纤维的情况,包括纤维化学结构、基本生产工艺、纤维及制品的基本性能、应用领域、当前的生产情况、市场价位等,并分析了其生产成本、产品优势、投资前景等。指出该纤维具有优越的性能与广阔的应用领域,并具有低成本的优势,建议我国予以研发。     

聚苯硫醚针刺毡在高温除尘上的应用性能研究

将聚苯硫醚(PPS)纤维制成PPS针刺毡并对其进行过滤效率、强度及透气性能测试。结果表明,PPS针织毡性能达到高温除尘的应用要求,对于粒径大于5μm的尘埃具有很好的过滤性能,过滤效率可达到100%;对于粒径0.5～5μm的尘埃,过滤效率可达90%以上,基本满足高温滤袋的过滤要求。     

短纤维链板式松弛热定型机流场的研究

分析了链板式松弛热定型机的结构及运行特点;通过对链板式松弛热定型机的冷态测试实验,获得了热定型机内部流场气流的速度分布数据,以探讨热定型机内部流场的特点。结果表明:在纤维层上部存在着明显的气流不均匀现象,匀风板上部具有高速气流区;指出热定型风板开孔不合理,导致纤维层上部气流分布不均匀,气流短路使得散热器下部流场分布不均匀;提出改善热定型机匀风板的开孔率,可实现均匀布风的初步方案。     

离子交换纤维微观形貌特点及结构修饰研究

利用比表面积测试仪、扫描电子显微镜等物理化学方法对颗粒与纤维状离子交换剂的链间交联与微观形貌进行了研究,通过刚性交联剂对聚丙烯-苯乙烯-二乙烯基苯(PP-ST-DVB)离子交换纤维骨架结构进行了修饰改造。结果表明:离子交换纤维由于不能通过交联剂与致孔剂参与下的单体聚合构建具有丰富微孔的高分子骨架,所以不存在丰富孔结构和高比表面积特征,其内部为连续凝胶相结构;外比表面积大、传质距离短、交联键分布均匀是其反应动力学和渗透压稳定性能优异的主要原因;刚性交联剂在PP-ST-DVB纤维上的附加交联反应使其比表面积从原来的0.5 m~2/g提高到200 m~2/g以上,附加交联反应所形成的分子尺度微孔孔径分布窄,具有超高交联树脂的结构特点。     

碳纤维热氧化行为及其机理

对聚丙烯腈(PAN)基碳纤维进行热氧化处理,借助扫描电子显微镜、X射线光电子能谱,拉曼光谱等手段表征了PAN基碳纤维的热氧化行为,研究了其热氧化机理。结果表明:热氧化使PAN基碳纤维表面氧元素含量大幅升高,碳含量下降,氧以C—OH或C—O—C基团的形式吸附到表面、在550℃左右以C=O基团大量分解的形式腐蚀纤维,破坏纤维形貌;同时热氧化腐蚀纤维中的非石墨碳,使得有序的石墨结构向非石墨无序结构转变,破坏碳纤维的晶体结构。