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991.
Detailed continuous phase flow measurements (mean and RMS velocities) by Laser Doppler Anemometry (LDA) of a turbulent gas/fibre/liquid suspension in a rotary shear tester have been performed with simultaneous torque measurements. The model system comprises a refractive‐index matched suspension in the 4‐12% wt. range with gas contents up to 15% vol. The two transition points, found by Andersson and Rasmuson (2000), were detected also with gas present and appear at higher impeller speeds with increasing gas and fibre concentrations. Plotting RMS and mean velocities versus impeller speed and power input, it is found that both decrease with increasing gas and fibre contents. 相似文献
992.
V. P. Samsonov 《Combustion, Explosion, and Shock Waves》2003,39(2):126-129
The papers deals with formation of vortex structures during combustion of a fuel gas–air mixture injected vertically down through a hole in a flat plate. It has been established that the shape, position, and number of vortex cells are determined by the flow rate and composition of the fuel mixture. It is shown that as the flow rate increases from the minimum critical value for which a vortex structure arises, the number of vortex cells decreases from five or six to one. A further increase in the gas flow rate leads to transition to turbulence of the combustion product flow. The presence of a vortex structure increases the critical Reynolds number at which the flow becomes turbulent. Reverse transition to the structure with an increased number of vortex cells occurs with a delay in the gas flow rate (gas discharge hysteresis). Variation in flow rate is accompanied by bifurcation of the number of vortex cells. 相似文献
993.
994.
Saswatee Banerjee 《Journal of the Society for Information Display》2014,22(2):98-105
Multilayered wire‐grid polarizers (WGP) find application as low‐reflection polarizers in projection‐type liquid crystal display devices. A multilayered WGP is formed by adding thin layers on top of the metal ridges of an ordinary WGP. The ordinary WGP consists of a periodic array of parallel metal ridges, where the period of the array and the width of any individual metal ridge are typically less than the wavelength of the incident light. Such WGPs are often used as efficient polarizers. However, in certain applications, it is important to reduce the reflection from the WGP while preserving the polarization efficiency. One of the ways to achieve this goal is to add thin layers on top of the metal ridges of the ordinary WGP. The reduction in reflection from the multilayered WGP depends on the number and material of these additional layers. In this paper, we describe a design method for multilayered WGPs based on an effective medium theory, thin‐film computation method and a monochromatic recursive convolution finite‐difference time‐domain algorithm. The goal of design process is to identify suitable materials and thicknesses for the additional thin layers needed to lower the reflection appreciably. The design method is explained with the help of bilayered WGPs. 相似文献
995.
Application of the Box-Wilson experimental design method for the spherical oil agglomeration of coal
Yakup Cebeci 《Fuel》2006,85(3):289-297
In this study, the Box-Wilson statistical experimental design method was employed to evaluate the effects of important variables such as bridging liquid (oil) concentration, salt (CaCl2·2H2O) concentration and stirring speed on the agglomeration of bituminous coal. Response function coefficients were determined by the regression analysis of experimental data and the predictions were found to be in good agreement with the experimental results. The optimum kerosene concentration, CaCl2·2H2O concentration and stirring speed were determined as 30 wt%, 1 M and 1683 rpm, respectively, when considering combustible recovery and ash content.In addition, contact angle and solution surface tension measurements were carried out to evaluate of agglomeration success with the contact angle values and surface tension values. The surface tension of CaCl2 2H2O solutions and the average contact angle increased with increasing CaCl2·2H2O concentration. 相似文献
996.
997.
刘峰 《硫磷设计与粉体工程》2004,(5):15-18
贮仓是许多工业过程中的常用设备,起拱是贮仓使用时常出现的故障,如何解决起拱问题是贮仓设计的关键,除常采取增大仓壁倾角、设置破拱装置等方法外,设计成曲线贮仓也是行之有效的措施之一。分析了指数曲线贮仓的工作原理和特点,建立了仓壁指数曲线方程,阐述了设计步骤与注意事项,并举例说明。 相似文献
998.
《Advanced Engineering Informatics》2014,28(1):11-27
In this paper an evolutionary technique is proposed as a method for generating new design solutions with genotypes represented in the form of hierarchical hypergraphs. Such hypergraph-based evolutionary design requires the adaptation of traditional evolutionary operators like cross-over and mutation. This paper presents an attempt at defining modified cross-over and mutation operators that act on hierarchical hypergraphs. The application of the proposed transformations is illustrated on examples of designing floor layouts and furniture with the use of the evolutionary method. 相似文献
999.
断续流对旋流器油水分离效率影响的实验研究 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
目前,大部分井下油水分离的旋流器由地面游梁式抽油机通过抽油杆柱提供能量,这样进入旋流器流量产生断续现象。通过实验证明断续流流量的不连续性使旋流器油水分离效率下降5%以内,存在一定负影响;溢流含油浓度越高,断续流对旋流分离效率的负影响也越大,所以井下油水分离过程中,不能偏面追求过高的溢流口含油浓度,提高分流比F与入口含油浓度C_i比值,减小断续流对分离效率的影响。 相似文献
1000.
Radial gas mixing in a fluidized bed was studied using response surface methodology (RSM), which enables effect examinations of parameters with a moderate number of experiments. All experiments were conducted in a 0.29-m ID fluidized-bed cold model. The gas dispersion process within the bed is described using the dispersed plug flow model. Pure carbon dioxide was used as the tracer gas, continuously injected into the center of the bed by a point source. The downstream radial tracer concentration profile was measured using a gas chromatograph.The radial gas dispersion coefficient, Dr, was well correlated with operating parameters and the particle and gas properties: (U−Umf)/Umf, Hs/db, φd, and Ar, with a determination coefficient R2 of 0.966. Effect test indicates that the dimensionless characteristic velocity, (U−Umf)/Umf, has the most significant influence on Dr, while the static bed height to bed diameter ratio, Hs/db, is less remarkable. The interactions of (U−Umf)/Umf with the distributor open-area ratio, φd, and with the Archimedes number, Ar, both play important roles. An evolutive response surface model was proposed to describe the radial gas mixing in the bubbling/slugging fluidization regimes. 相似文献