Numerical modeling of in-flight characteristics of inconel 625 particles during high-velocity oxy-fuel thermal spraying

A computational fluid dynamics (CFD) model is developed to predict particle dynamic behavior in a high-velocity oxyfuel (HVOF) thermal spray gun in which premixed oxygen and propylene are burnt in a combustion chamber linked to a long, parallel-sided nozzle. The particle transport equations are solved in a Lagrangian manner and coupled with the two-dimensional, axisymmetric, steady state, chemically reacting, turbulent gas flow. Within the particle transport model, the total flow of the particle phase is modeled by tracking a small number of particles through the continuum gas flow, and each of these individual particles is tracked independently through the continuous phase. Three different combustion chamber designs were modeled, and the in-flight particle characteristics of Inconel were 625 studied. Results are presented to show the effect of process parameters, such as particle injection speed and location, total gas flow rate, fuel-to-oxygen gas ratio, and particle size on the particle dynamic behavior for a parallel-sided, 12 mm long combustion chamber. The results indicate that the momentum and heat transfer to particles are primarily influenced by total gas flow. The 12 mm long chamber can achieve an optimum performance for Inconel 625 powder particles ranging in diameter from 20 to 40 μm. At a particular spraying distance, an optimal size of particles is observed with respect to particle temperature. The effect of different combustion chamber dimensions on particle dynamics was also investigated. The results obtained for both a 22 mm long chamber and also one with a conical, converging design are compared with the baseline data for the 12 mm chamber.     

Rapid and Continuous Deposition of Porous Nanocrystalline SnO2 Coating with Interpenetrating Pores for Gas Sensor Applications

In this article, we proposed a rapid and continuous process for the production of nanoporous coatings for functional applications. Experiments following two statistical designs were implemented to screen and investigate the spraying parameters’ effects on coating crystallinity and porosity in order to gain a better understanding. The spraying standoff distance, solution flow rate and power were identified as having significant effects on coating porosity and crystallinity. The result yielded a peculiar microstructure comprised of interpenetrating pores and layered structures with embedded pores. A deposition mechanism was postulated to explain this microstructure. Ethanol gas sensors that are constructed from the coatings had comparable sensitivities to those reported in the literature for thick-film coatings and had a maximum sensitivity near 200 °C. This article is an invited paper selected from presentations at the 2007 International Thermal Spray Conference and has been expanded from the original presentation. It is simultaneously published in Global Coating Solutions, Proceedings of the 2007 International Thermal Spray Conference, Beijing, China, May 14-16, 2007, Basil R. Marple, Margaret M. Hyland, Yuk-Chiu Lau, Chang-Jiu Li, Rogerio S. Lima, and Ghislain Montavon, Ed., ASM International, Materials Park, OH, 2007.     

一起变压器油气在线监测装置报警故障的分析及处理

鉴于一起220 k V变压器油气在线监测装置的报警故障,对变压器油的色谱数据进行了分析,对2号主变压器进行吊罩检查,结果表明:故障因变压器梯级绝缘垫块结构设计存在缺陷,在运行中逐步造成垫块松动、脱落所致,并提出了处理措施。     

Method of calculating the collision integral and solution of the Boltzmann kinetic equation for simple gases,gas mixtures and gases with rotational degrees of freedom

The conservative method of calculating the Boltzmann collision integral for simple gases, gas mixtures and gases with rotational degrees of freedom of molecules is presented. In all cases the common approach based on the projection technique of summing up the contributions in the collision integral is used. The method is applied for solving the Boltzmann kinetic equation for two fundamental rarefied gas flow problems: the heat transfer problem and the problem of shock wave structure. A comparison with experimental and numerical data of other authors is reported. It is shown that the considered numerical method allows one to solve the Boltzmann equation for real gases with high accuracy.     

基于UHF传感器与以太网的GIS局部放电监测系统设计

针对传统局部放电监测采样率低、信号易受干扰、不利于实时监测,而超高频（ UHF）传感器进行局放监测因设备通信速度慢、无法故障录波的问题,设计了一种基于UHF传感器与以太网的气体绝缘开关设备（ GIS）局部放电监测系统。该系统由一个主控采集系统和若干个传感器模块组成,传感器模块获取局部放电产生的UHF电磁波信号0.3～2 GHz,通过对数检波电路降频至2～10 MHz;主控采集系统采集该信号,通过SDRAM缓存后经以太网发送至变电站管理员,实现对GIS局部放电高速实时在线监测。测试实验结果表明：该系统功能强,速度高,工作稳定,监测范围广,当局部放电发生时,系统能实时发送报警信号,并可提供故障信号波形用以故障分析。10/100 M以太网通信实际速度可达500 kB/s,比传统的RS—485通信速度提高90倍以上。     

红外瓦斯传感器检测中噪声点研究

针对红外瓦斯传感器检测瓦斯浓度时易受到温度、压力等物理环境的影响而存在检测浓度值不准确的问题,提出一种结合分化距离与K-means算法方法找出瓦斯浓度数据集中的噪声点.该方法混合了分化距离和K-means算法的优点.对实验设计的传感器采集的瓦斯浓度数据集进行距离分化;运用K-means算法与孤立度系数结合法找出采集数据集中的噪声点并直接丢弃噪声点;通过均值法计算瓦斯浓度.实验结果表明:测量误差小于1％,精度高.     

基于移动地理信息系统的油气管道工程量统计系统的设计

为了快速准确获取油气管道线路铺设的工程量,将移动地理信息系统( GIS)技术应用到管道线路方面,利用其空间数据获取功能和其可嵌入性的优点,设计基于移动GIS的油气管道线路工程量的获取统计系统。该系统利用GPS定位技术智能化地获取显示预设管道线路路况和周边地理信息,并利用获取的空间数据通过图形近似化算法快速地计算出管道线路铺设工程量,通过Dijkstra算法选出最优路径,为油气管道的选线提供有力依据,并且可以为管道选线人员和野外数据采集人员提供远程交流服务。该系统的应用将大大减少油气管道选线的时间和工作量。     

天然气长输管道燃驱机组控制系统优化技术

燃气轮机驱动的压缩机组被广泛地应用在天然气长输管道,其控制系统优化技术的大范围深度应用在管道行业尚数首次,及时消除生产瓶颈的同时,也为涉及燃机的控制专业同行提供了技术借鉴,更重要的是为管道行业燃机运行提供了安全保障。     

基于B/S架构的燃气计量管理系统的设计

分析了燃气计量管理的现状,设计了一种基于B/S架构的燃气计量管理信息系统。通过各功能模块,实现燃气计量仪表的信息管理和数据分析,为计量工作提供了一个高效的信息化管理平台。     

一种EKF-WLS-SVR与混沌时间序列分析的瓦斯动态预测新方法

针对瓦斯浓度时间序列高度的混沌特性,采用微熵率法同步确定最优的嵌入维数与延迟时间,还原瓦斯涌出系统状态空间。以无线传感网络系统采集并经降噪处理后的瓦斯浓度序列作为样本。提出利用带有整定因子的扩展卡尔曼滤波器( EKF)对加权最小二乘支持向量回归机( WLS-SVR)的正则化参数γ与核参数σ进行快速寻优,并依据周期性更新的训练样本建立基于EKF-WLS-SVR耦合算法的动态预测模型以精确预测后续时间点的瓦斯浓度。通过MATLAB进行仿真,结果表明：EKF滤波器对提高WLS-SVR的拟合精度与学习效率方面有很大的帮助。相比于其他模型,该耦合模型具备更高的预测精度与更强的鲁棒特性,有较高的实用价值。