Bioorthogonal Chemical Reporters for Monitoring Unsaturated Fatty‐Acylated Proteins

Dietary unsaturated fatty acids, such as oleic acid, have been shown to be covalently incorporated into a small subset of proteins, but the generality and diversity of this protein modification has not been studied. We synthesized unsaturated fatty‐acid chemical reporters and determined their protein targets in mammalian cells. The reporters can induce the formation of lipid droplets and be incorporated site‐specifically onto known fatty‐acylated proteins and label many proteins in mammalian cells. Quantitative proteomics analysis revealed that unsaturated fatty acids modify similar protein targets to saturated fatty acids, including several immunity‐associated proteins. This demonstrates that unsaturated fatty acids can directly modify many proteins to exert their unique and often beneficial physiological effects in vivo.     

荧光指示剂吸附法测量柴油馏分芳烃含量

应用液体石油产品(汽、煤油)中的芳烃标准分析试验方法——荧光指示剂吸附法测量柴油馏分烃类族组成,考察了硅胶,洗脱剂以及空气压力对实验结果的影响,对分析条件进行优化,确保分析的重复性和准确性。     

荧光灯制灯工艺对卤粉性能影响的研究

制作荧光灯时,灯用卤粉先后经过球磨、烤管、排气(或释汞)、老炼等工艺程序。这些工艺对卤粉发光性能的影响,主要在球磨、烤管工艺对卤粉发光性能的影响作过研究和报导。我国各制灯厂的制灯工艺尚未建立起严格的统一规范,因而同一性能的灯用卤粉在不同制灯厂的制灯水平差异较大,为此有必要就制灯工艺对卤粉发光性能的影响开展系统工作,以搞清不同制灯工艺对卤粉性能的影响并分析其原因,从而为改进卤粉应用特性和为消除不合理的制灯工艺对卤粉带来的有害影响,进而为提高荧光灯的光学性能提供有效的实验数据,对于提高灯的性能有着重要的经济价值。     

One‐Step Synthesis of Superbright Water‐Soluble Silicon Nanoparticles with Photoluminescence Quantum Yield Exceeding 80%

Fluorescent silicon nanoparticles (SiNPs) have shown potential applications in bioimaging/biolabelling, sensing, and nanomedicine/cancer therapy due to their superior properties such as excellent photostability, low cytotoxicity, and versatile surface modification capability. Here, a simple, high‐yield, and one‐pot method is developed to prepare superbright, water‐soluble, and amine‐functionalized SiNPs with photoluminescence quantum yield (PLQY) comparable to fluorescent II–VI semiconductor quantum dots (QDs) but with much lower cytotoxicity. By introducing a commercially available amine‐containing silane molecule, N‐[3‐(trimethoxysilyl)propyl]ethylenediamine (DAMO), water‐soluble SiNPs are prepared with PLQY of 82.4% via a microwave‐assisted method. To the best of our knowledge, this is the highest PLQY value ever reported for water‐soluble fluorescent SiNPs. The silicon element in our SiNPs is mainly four‐valent silicon and thus these SiNPs may also be termed as oxidized silicon nanospheres or silica nanodots. We have also demonstrated the importance of the silane structure (e.g., a suitable amine content) on the photoluminescence property of the prepared SiNPs. As revealed by the time‐resolved photoluminescence technique, the highest PLQY value of DAMO SiNPs is correlated with their monoexponential decay with a relatively long fluorescence lifetime. In addition, the potential use of these SiNPs has also been demonstrated for fluorescent patterning/printing and ion sensing (including Cu²⁺ and Hg²⁺).     

木质素碳量子点在防伪包装中的应用研究

目的 探索木质素碳量子点(CQDs)荧光油墨及其书写式标签、CQDs/聚乙烯醇(PVA)复合荧光薄膜在防伪包装中的应用潜力。方法 以木质素为碳源,采用一锅水热法得到未掺杂碳量子点O-CQDs和硫掺杂碳量子点S-CQDs,并以此为荧光填料,以乙醇、乙二醇和丙三醇的混合液为溶剂,制备荧光油墨及其书写式荧光标签和CQDs/PVA复合荧光薄膜,探索其荧光防伪性能。结果 硫掺杂木质素碳量子点油墨MS-CQDs及其书写标签、PVA复合薄膜在可见光下均无色,在365 nm紫外光照下则呈现强烈的淡蓝色荧光。结论 MS-CQDs书写式称量纸荧光标签及其与PVA的复合薄膜均具有良好的荧光性能,在荧光防伪领域具有良好的应用潜力。     

荧光灯自动调光系统的研究

在图书馆、博物馆等大型场所,恒亮度的照明系统具有非常广泛的应用前景.利用光敏电阻作为光强采集元件,建立了一种能够根据外界光强自动调节灯功率的照明系统,并介绍了自动调光电路的系统框图,包括光敏电阻测试电路、调光电路等.主要针对光敏电阻的Pspice模型、荧光灯模型和调光理论进行了理论分析.仿真结果表明了上述理论的正确性,该系统能够保证室内的恒亮度控制.     

真空紫外辐照对Lumogen薄膜损伤及光学性能的影响

为研究Lumogen(C22H16N2O6)薄膜在真空紫外波段的光致发光特性及辐照损伤,采用热阻蒸发法,以氟化镁为基底制备Lumogen薄膜.使用真空紫外荧光光谱仪、原子力显微镜(AFM)、扫描电子显微镜(SEM)、紫外?可见分光光度计等仪器分别对薄膜的光致发光特性、荧光强度衰减变化、表面形貌、透过率等进行测试与表征....     

餐桌用纸荧光增白剂的分析方法

分析了造纸产品标准体系中对餐桌用纸荧光增白剂的规定及缺失。通过对收集的23种托盘纸、餐台垫纸、筷子套纸、花纹底纸等餐桌用纸的测定,比较了可迁移性荧光增白剂的不同测定方法。结果表明,托盘纸、餐台垫纸、筷子套纸、花纹底纸等间接接触食品的餐桌用纸绝大多数含有荧光增白剂,且含有可迁移性荧光增白剂。可迁移性荧光增白剂的紫外可见分光光度法与定性测试法的结果一致性较好。与国家标准中模拟汗液的转移介质相比,用水、乙酸、乙醇为介质的湿摩擦接触转移的方式更能模拟餐桌用纸的实际使用状态,适合于餐桌用纸可迁移性荧光增白剂的测试。     

扇贝过敏原荧光免疫层析检测方法的构建与应用

目的 构建一种简便、快速、可降低非特异性荧光干扰的时间分辨免疫层析检测方法,实现快速检测扇贝中原肌球蛋白(tropomyosin,TM)过敏原。方法 本研究采用双抗体夹心免疫层析法,以含有铕(Eu)纳米微粒的荧光微球作为标签偶联兔抗TM多克隆抗体,制备荧光探针并对其进行表征。以4 mg/mL兔多克隆抗体作为T线,羊抗兔免疫球蛋白G (immunoglobulin g,IgG)作为C线组装免疫层析试纸条。结果 本研究组建的试纸条视觉检出限为0.05μg/mL,仪器检出限为0.01μg/mL。试纸条除对虾蟹有交叉反应外,对其他10余种物种无明显交叉反应。加标样品批内和批间变异系数分别为3.71%～7.94%和12.09%～12.80%,在不含TM的4种食物基质中加入浓度由低到高的TM,检测结果与实际加标情况相符。结论 本检测方法准确性良好、灵敏度高、特异性强,可在多种食物基质中实现对扇贝TM的快速检测。     

荧光增白剂OB - 1的合成

本文阐述荧光增白剂的发展状况,并介绍了以不同主要原料合成荧光增白剂OB-1的合成方法及工艺条件。