Selectively fluorinated analogs reveal differential olfactory reception and inactivation of green leaf volatiles in insects

The role of the alkyl terminus of green leaf volatile (GLV) molecules in olfactory reception and inactivation was examined in three diverse insect species: the beet armyworm,Spodoptera exigua (Lepidoptera); the Colorado potato beetle,Leptinotarsa decemlineata (Coleoptera); and the desert locust,Schistocerca gregaria (Orthoptera), using selectively fluorinated analogs of GLVs and electroantennograms (EAGs). When only the magnitude of the depolarization of the EAG is considered (a measure of reception), the order of effectiveness was 1-hexanol (6:OH)=(Z)-3-6:OH > 5,5,6,6,6-pentafluoro-(Z)-3-6:OH =5,5-difluoro-(Z)-3-6:OH 5,5,6,6,6-pentafluoro-6: OH. Percent recovery of the EAG (a measure of inactivation) was greater for the pentafluoro-(Z)-3-6: OH analog than for the difluoro-(Z)-3-6: OH analog. Our results show that the alkyl end of GLV molecules plays an important role not only in reception, but also inactivation processes in insect olfaction. Furthermore, specificities of these two processes may differ.Research conducted by J.C.D. while on an ARS Fellowship at IPO-DLO.     

聚合物系的脱挥发分设备

评述了近２０年来国内外在聚合物制造过程中脱挥发分（简称脱挥）设备的应用和研究概况。重点讨论了塔式薄膜蒸发脱挥器，该类脱挥器具有结构简单，成本低，处理量大等优点。为了使塔式列管式脱挥器中的蒸发器内有较理想的流体分布，介绍了加设在蒸发器内的液体分布器的结构。     

低粘度自交联氟氢乙烯基硅油的合成及应用

采用高活性强酸性阳离子交换树脂（HND-580）催化八甲基环四硅氧烷（D4）、四甲基四氢环四硅氧烷（D4H）和三氟丙基甲基环三硅氧烷（D3F）开环共聚,以四甲基二乙烯基二硅氧烷（D2Vi）为封端剂,制备了低粘度含氟含氢乙烯基硅油。探讨了聚合温度、聚合时间、催化剂用量、催化剂循环等因素对开环共聚反应的影响。通过核磁、红外测试分析共聚物的分子结构;通过热分析法测试共聚物热分解温度;研究结果表明,当聚合温度为60℃、反应时间为4h、催化剂用量为3%~5%时,得到的含氟含氢端乙烯基硅油产率为88.69%,粘度为31mpa?s。将硅油进行涂膜测试,所得水滴静态接触角可达115.2?。     

Synthesis and characterization of new fluorinated aromatic polyesters containing trifluoromethylphenoxy pendant groups

A series of novel fluorinated aromatic polyesters containing trifluoromethylphenoxy pendant groups was synthesized by interfacial polycondensation of 2‐(4‐trifluoromethylphenoxy)terephthalyl chloride with various bisphenols in dichloromethane. The polyesters obtained in good yields had weight‐average molecular weights of 70,600–29,800 g/mol, polydispersities of 1.81–2.08, and were all amorphous. All polyesters were easily soluble in organic solvents such as N,N‐dimethylformamide, tetrahydrofuran, o‐chlorophenol, pyridine, and dichloromethane. These fluorinated polyesters showed glass transition temperature of 133–210°C, and good thermal stability with almost no weight loss up to 378°C, the 10% weight loss temperature of 472–523°C as well as char yield of 32–63% at 600°C in nitrogen. These polyester films cast from chloroform solutions exhibited tensile strengths ranging from 102 to 126 MPa, elongation at break from 6.3% to 11.7%, and tensile moduli from 2.1 to 3.3 GPa. The resulting polyester films also displayed low dielectric constants between 2.18 and 2.49 (1 MHz), high transparency with an ultraviolet‐visible absorption cut‐off wavelengths in the 332–355 nm range, and excellent electric strengths (50.4–65.6 kV/mm) and volume resistivity (2.51–6.03 × 10¹⁶ Ω cm). © 2010 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci, 2011     

含1,3,4-噻二唑环氟取代苯基脲的合成及细胞分裂素活性

以取代肉桂酸和氨基硫脲为原料、以三氯氧磷为脱水剂经缩合-环化"一锅法"制备2-氨基-5-取代苯乙烯基-1,3,4-噻二唑,再与含氟苯甲酰基叠氮化物反应合成9种新的含氟取代苯基脲类化合物。其结构经红外光谱、核磁共振氢谱、质谱和元素分析所确认。初步的生物活性测试表明,目标化合物在10 mg/L浓度下表现出良好的细胞分裂素活性,促进率超过50%。     

芳香族支链聚酰胺6的制备及共混纺丝研究

通过添加均苯四甲酸二酐水解聚合工艺制备芳香族支链聚酰胺6(PA6),采用熔融共混制备芳香族支链PA6/Ti O2母粒,然后与线型PA6共混纺丝,经拉伸后得到含芳香族支链PA6的共混纤维;研究了均苯四甲酸二酐含量对芳香族支链PA6流动性及热学性能的影响,以及芳香族支链PA6对芳香族支链PA6/Ti O2共混物结晶行为、可纺性及纤维力学性能等的影响。结果表明:随着均苯四甲酸二酐含量的添加,芳香族支链PA6的相对黏度逐渐降低,熔体流动指数增大,流动性增加,而结晶熔融温度逐渐降低;含芳香族支链PA6的共混体系纺丝温度较纯PA6降低4℃,芳香族支链PA6有助于提高PA6的可纺性,且纤维力学性能较好,含质量分数8%芳香族支链PA6的共混纤维的断裂强度为2.8 c N/dtex,断裂伸长率为45.4%。     

三元共聚多孔丙烯酸酯类吸油树脂的合成及性能研究

以丙烯酸酯类为单体、苯乙烯为主要共聚功能单体,二乙烯基苯为交联剂,三氯甲烷为致孔剂,采用悬浮共聚工艺合成了一系列多孔的高吸油树脂。着重研究了树脂共聚单体组成、交联剂加量、引发剂用量以及分散剂加量等因素对吸油树脂吸油性能的影响。在最优化合成条件下制备的高吸油树脂具有较佳的吸油性能,对甲苯的吸附量可达32 g/g。     

马来酸单聚乙二醇单甲醚酯的合成及应用

采用无溶剂法合成了马来酸单聚乙二醇单甲醚酯,并对其合成工艺进行了探讨。实验以原料醇酸物质的量比、催化剂用量、阻聚剂用量、反应温度和反应时间为5因素,设计成5因素4水平的正交实验,由实验确定出组分质量分数和最佳酯化反应条件：醇酸物质的量比1.0∶1、催化剂质量分数5%、阻聚剂质量分数3%、反应温度120℃,反应时间为5 h,最佳酯化条件下酯化率达到95.25%。进一步由大单体与丙烯酸、丙烯酸丁酯、烯丙基苯磺酸钠共聚制备出水煤浆分散剂,由大同煤制浆,在分散剂质量分数为1.0%,干粉煤质量分数为65%时,水煤浆粘度为1550mPa·s-1,静置90min后,粘度为2100mPa·s-1。     

4,6-二氨基间苯二酚研究进展及合成工艺探索

详细论述了美国Dow化学公司、日本Nissan化学工业公司和Toyobo公司为代表的 4,6-二氨基间二苯酚的合成专利技术、研究进展及发展趋势。并选择三种不同工艺进行合成DAR的探索性试验。结果表明 :以连三氯苯为原料合成的DAR ,经精制和处理可使其氧化分解得到延缓 ,纯度达到制备超高分子质量PBO的聚合级要求 ,从而为高质量低成本合成DAR的进一步研究奠定了基础     

十二氟庚基丙基甲基二甲氧基硅烷含量对含氟有机硅/二氧化硅杂化涂层性能的影响

采用溶胶–凝胶法,以正硅酸乙酯(TEOS)为SiO2前驱物,二甲基二乙氧基硅烷(DMDES)和十二氟庚基丙基甲基二甲氧基硅烷(12FHPMDMS)为有机硅前驱物,制备得到含氟有机硅/SiO2溶胶,经热固化后得到了不同12FHPMDMS含量的含氟有机硅/SiO2杂化涂层。通过红外光谱表征了溶胶及固化后涂层的结构,采用热重分析仪(TGA)、接触角仪对涂层性能进行分析并测试了其附着力、硬度、冲击强度和耐盐雾腐蚀性(NSS)。结果表明:含氟有机硅/SiO2杂化涂层具有良好的机械性能;随着12FHPMDMS加入量增加,含氟有机硅/SiO2杂化涂层的耐热性提高,接触角先增大后减小。当n(TEOS)∶n(DMDES)∶n(12FHPMDMS)=10∶8∶4时,疏水性最好,接触角达到110.0°且涂层综合性能最佳。