等离子喷涂枪喷嘴不同水冷方式的数值分析

为了分析等离子喷涂枪喷嘴水冷却系统的冷却效果,减少喷嘴的烧损现象,利用FLUENT数值模拟软件,基于计算流体动力学和数值传热学的方法,采用压力耦合方程组的半隐式算法(即SIMPLE算法),在保持喷嘴水冷却系统结构不变的情况下,设计了第1种水冷方式;通过调换进、出水道位置形成第2种水冷方式;在此基础上,理论设计了另外2种水冷方式,着重建模分析了喷嘴壁面温度场和其不同水冷方式下的速度场.通过比较得出了较合理的水冷方式,减少或消除了冷却死水区域,达到进一步冷却喷嘴的目的,同时分析了后2种方式应用于实际的可行性.分析结果表明,采用数值模拟技术能够比较准确地模拟喷嘴水冷却系统的有关特性,可进一步优化设计喷嘴水冷却系统.     

引入成交量变化率的马柯维茨均值方差模型

对马柯维茨的均值方差理论进行了推广,进一步细化原模型中的风险。把成交量变化率的方差也视为一种风险,在收益率的方差中加入成交量变化率的方差,构成一种两者线性组合的新证券组合风险。讨论在给定一定收益率和成交量变化率的条件下使得新风险最小的优化求值问题。把原模型中没有无风险证券时的前沿证券曲线从双曲线（抛物线）推广到双叶双曲面（抛物面）,把含有无风险证券时的前沿证券曲线从直线推广到圆锥面,还得到了一系列相应结论。同时对股票投资最优组合选择问题进行实证检验。     

Numerical study on the restriction speed of train passing curved rail in cross wind

The results of numerical investigations of aerodynamic forces and moment coefficients of flow passing a simplified train geometry under different wind speeds are summarized. To compute numerically the different coefficients, the three-dimensional Reynolds-Averaged Navier-Stokes (RANS) equations, combined with the k-ε turbulence model, were solved using finite volume technique. The pres-sure-velocity fields were coupled using the SIMPLE algorithm. At each iteration the pressure correction was obtained by sol...     

基于有限体积法的G4-73型离心风机三维流场数值模拟

基于有限体积法,利用Fluent软件对G4-73型离心风机内部流场进行了全三维数值模拟。结果表明:蜗壳内的低能流体区沿轴向朝流动方向推进;叶轮内的静压和动压在叶片吸力面靠近叶轮进口处最低,叶轮流道中动压等值线呈"凸"型分布,在叶片压力面靠近叶轮出口处静压和动压达到最大值,且叶轮出口相对总压损失集中在吸力面和前盘侧。     

有机浆料发泡法制备多孔羟基磷灰石

本文以湿法合成的羟基磷灰石粉体为原料,采用树脂、异氰酸与水发泡工艺制备多孔生物陶瓷材料。采用浆料发泡法制得的生物陶瓷材料具有三维无序孔和二维直通孔复合结构,其总气孔率可达70%～85%;宏观孔径主要分布在0.3～0.6mm之间,微观孔径主要分布在1～3μm之间,抗压强度可达0.85MPa。通过控制烧结温度,可以调节生物陶瓷材料中羟基磷灰石(HAP)和β-磷酸三钙(β-TCP)的成分配比,从而使之满足多孔生物陶瓷材料生物相容性和生物降解性的要求。     

基于物理的波浪实时模拟方法

为解决广域范围内波浪状态的实时计算和可视化问题,结合无粘滞流体力学的物理模型,提出了一种以三角形为控制单元的有限体积简化算法。该算法的优点在于：以不规则边界区域的非规则三角网格为基础,通过简化通量向量分裂方法获得三角形控制单元的边界数值通量,能快速逼近二维浅水方程的解进而模拟非规则边界浅水的实时流动。实验结果显示,所提方法能在符合现实世界物理规律的前提下较好地实现大规模波浪的实时可视化模拟。     

乳胶涂料中填料粒径测定与分散剂的选择

介绍了重力沉降法和容量沉降法两种测定乳胶涂料中填料粒径的方法。通过比较粉体粒径结果显示：沉降法比激光法更形象直观，更能代表体系粒径真实情况。以滑石粉、重钙、轻钙粉体为基准，采用不同用量、不同类型的分散剂的容量沉降法进行比较得出：用容量沉降法能定量地对分散剂性能做出评价。     

Estimation of the critical properties of compounds using volume-based thermodynamics

The importance, yet scarcity of the critical constants of thermally unstable fluids warrants the development of reliable methods for the estimation of these essential thermodynamic properties. A thorough investigation undertaken in this study on 1,589 compounds belonging to 83 chemical classes, indicated that the ratio of critical temperature to critical pressure of both low and high molecular weight compounds could be well expressed in terms of their volumetric properties. In addition, two new methodologies are presented for estimating V_c, as well as an indirect approach for prediction of T_c from surface tension data, altogether allowing the calculation of Z_c. Moreover, comparative studies are made with five group contribution methods. It is also demonstrated that by employing the Peng-Robinson EOS, and without prior knowledge of the critical properties, it is possible to calculate various thermophysical properties including P^sat., T_b, , ∆H^vap. , C_p, and even the T_c and P_c themselves.     

聚氨酯的阻尼性能与频率关系的研究

从时温等效原理出发,依据WLF方程和自由体积理论推导了一个较为简单的将高分子材料的温度谱转变为频率谱的方法。用该方法计算得到的损耗因子与实验数据吻合得很好。研究了所合成的聚氨酯材料在1～10000Hz范围内的特征阻尼频率.结果表明25℃下.含填料的H052的特征阻尼频率为5430Hz。     

CORRELATION OF DIFFUSION COEFFICIENTS FOR LIQUIDS AND DENSE FLUIDS WITH TEMPERATURE AND PRESSURE

On the basis of the free volume theory and activation energy concept,a fundamental equation whichtakes into account the effects of temperature and pressure has been developed.By introducing differentexpressions for the free volume and activation energy,several equations for fluid diffusion coefficients were derivedaccordingly.With the van der Waals free volume and intermal energy formula,a three-parameter model for fluiddiffusion coeffficients at moderate pressure was obtained.The grand average absolute deviation percent of 345data points (44 systems)for self-and infinite dilute inter-diffusivities is 2.32,against the results of the model ofCohen and Turnbull,4.13.In particular,by means of the modified Carnahan-Starling free volume equation,afour-parameter model with average abosolute deviation percent 2.64(30 systems,644 data points)for theestimation of dense fluid inter-and self-diffusivities at high pressures and in supercritical conditions was derived.The derived model is superior to the method of L