排矸区复垦林木生长量的动态调查研究及经济效益分析

对鹤煤集团岭北露天矿排矸区,复垦营造的樟子松人工林,采用定位观察法,在标准地内对林木各项因子生长量的调查,将获得的数据经过整理分析,结果显示:林木的保存率、平均胸径、平均高度、蓄积等因子的生长量与当地宜林荒山荒地所营造的同龄樟子松林的生长量对照无差异,具有明显的经济、生态及社会效益。     

赤天化纸业竹浆纸一体化的探索

介绍了赤天化纸业在西部大开发的背景下,对竹浆纸一体化的认识和一些具体运作方法,以及在运作中所遇到的困难和需要探索的问题.     

林权制度改革下原料林基地建设探讨

在国家实施林权制度改革的大形势,对原料林基地建设的影响、较适宜的造林模式、新的造林模式所需要的条件进行阐述,并以合作造林中订单林业的具体实施方案为例详析.     

Chemical correlates of α-tocopherol (Vitamin E) alteredMalacosoma disstria herbivory inFraxinus pennsylvanica var.Subintegerrinia,green ash

The antioxidant -tocopherol (vitamin E), applied in a basal trunk band to the green ash tree,Fraxinus pennsylvanica var.subintergerrinia, elicited an alteration of foliar feeding byMalacosoma disstria larvae (Lepidoptera: Lasiocampidae). The bioassayed effects were dependent on the dosage of elicitor, the time after elicitation, and the position in the tree. Leaves for chemical analysis were collected from trees receiving two dosages and at two intervals after elicitation. Compounds in the ethyl acetate extractables from the ash tree leaves were separated by TLC and HPLC. TLC separations showed differences in the nonhydrolyzed extractables attributable to elicitor dosage and time after elicitation. TLC-resolved differences were also evident among acid-hydrolyzed samples. HPLC-resolved profiles revealed eight peaks in the nonhydrolyzed extractables that were quantitatively negatively correlated with larval feeding preference between elicited versus control foliage on at least one of the two sampling dates. Results from this study and other investigations reported in the literature indicate that the antioxidant-tocopherol (vitamin E) can function as an environmental-stress elicitor of alterable defensive chemistry in green ash and other plants.     

Assessment of impact of water diversion projects on ecological water uses in arid region

In arid regions, large-scale water diversion from rivers leads to significant changes in river flow regimes, which may have large impacts on ecological water uses of river-dependent ecosystems, such as river, lake, wetland, and riparian ecosystems. To assess the integrated impact of water diversion on ecological water uses, we proposed a hierarchy evaluation model composed of four layers representing the evaluation goal, sub-areas of the influenced region, evaluation criteria, and water diversion schemes, respectively. The evaluation criteria for different types of ecological water uses were proposed, and the analytical hierarchy process was used for the integrated assessment. For a river ecosystem, the percentage of mean annual flow was used to define the grade of environmental flow. For a lake ecosystem, water recharge to the lake to compensate the lake water losses was used to assess the ecological water use of a lake. The flooding level of the wetland and the groundwater level in the riparian plain were used to assess the wetland and riparian ecological water uses, respectively. The proposed model was applied to a basin in northern Xinjiang in northwest China, where both water diversion and inter-basin water transfer projects were planned to be carried out. Based on assessment results for the whole study area and two sub-areas, an appropriate scheme was recommended from four planning schemes. With the recommended scheme, ecological water uses of the influenced ecosystems can be maintained at an acceptable level. Meanwhile, economical water requirements can be met to a great extent.     

森林植被截留降雨实验与模拟

根据半干旱地区樟子松林冠截留降雨的实测资料,对林冠截留与大气降雨之间的关系进行了分析。在几个假设的基础上,建立林冠截留及林内雨量的半理论半经验公式,并介绍了参数确定方法。经检验,公式的计算值与实测值取得较好的一致性,基本上反映出林冠截留降雨的一般规律,揭示了林冠对降雨截留作用的数量关系和客观实质。     

The effect of nitrogenous fertilizers on the nitrification of forest soils

The effect of fertilization with urea and ammonium nitrate on nitrogen mineralization was studied in a series of laboratory incubation experiments. The samples (humus layer) were collected from field experiments with different applications of fertilizers during a period of 11–14 years. The nitrogen fertilization influenced some chemical properties of the humus layer such as pH, N-Kjeldahl content and the content of inorganic nitrogen, especially in the samples from North Sweden. Nitrate nitrogen was formed in humus samples classified as non-nitrifying in several cases, usually after urea fertilization.     

雨洪资源利用进展与利用模式探索

对雨洪及雨洪资源利用的概念进行了界定,明确了雨洪资源开发利用的对象。在明确雨洪资源概念的基础上,概括了近20年来国内外在雨洪资源利用方面的研究和进展,并对国外在此利用技术和管理方面所取得的经验进行了总结。接下来用较多的篇幅对雨洪资源利用工程和非工程的措施进行了的介绍,在对每种利用方式加以剖析之后,分别引用了相应利用方式中比较典型的实例。最后对这些利用方式在未来的发展趋势做了初步的展望。