新型聚丙烯酸(934P、980)树脂的制备

详细研究了以乙酸乙酯和环己烷为溶剂，丙烯酸为单体，BPO，LPO，AIBN为引发剂，聚烯基多醚为交联剂，合成增稠能力强、透明度高的聚丙烯酸树脂。于混和溶剂存在下制得的聚合物，消除了以往由二氯甲烷为溶剂的反应介质中所得产品的毒性，可广泛应用于医药及日用化工等行业。     

砼受压损伤力学本构模型的研究

本文利用ＭＴＳ公司８１５．０２型电液伺服试验系统对砼进行了等应变速率加载控制的应力一应变全曲线试验，应用不可逆热力学和内变量理论的成果建立了砼损伤力学模型，并用概率统计的观点分析了损伤的演化规律。由于考虑了不可逆变形的影响，本文所建本构模型与实验吻合较好。     

Influence of Two Salicylate Components on the Particle Size of an Oil-in-Water Emulsion with Nonionic Surfactants

This paper reports a study undertaken using techniques of static and dynamic light scattering to investigate the influence of sodium salicylate and methyl salicylate on droplet size of oil-in-water emulsions. The rates of changes were measured by determining the size and distribution of the oil droplet in the material. All emulsions showed a bimodal size distribution; the mean diameters and polydispersity were calculated from intensity. These data were analyzed with nonlinear regressions and bootstrap methodology. An amount of methyl salicylate component induced a decrease of mean diameter and standard deviation. On the contrary, sodium salicylate entailed the growth of all droplet populations and coalescence for the highest concentration.     

水溶性聚偶氮酯的研究

用Ｐｉｎｎｅｒ合成方法制备了用ＰＥＧ４００封端的水溶性聚偶氮酯，并表征了其结构；研究了热分解反应动力学及用于乳液聚合的动力学。结果表明，该种引发剂具有引发速度快、热分解机理简单和具有辅助乳化作用等优点。     

Adhesion Mechanisms of Polyurethanes to Glass Surfaces. III. Investigation of Possible Physico-Chemical Interactions at the Interphase

Surface free energies of polyurethanes made from toluene diisocyanate and 1, 4 butanediol-based hard segments and caprolactone polyol-based soft segments were calculated using additive functions. Good agreement was found between the calculated values based on additive functions and the calculated values based on contact angle measurements. The phase-separated polyurethanes were found to have a higher polar surface free energy component (γ^P). This was linked to the preferential segregation of butanediol/butanediol-derived moieties to the polyurethane surfaces due to phase separation. The adhesion values of these polyurethanes to soda-lime glass were correlated with their respective γ^P values and a linear relationship was found. It was also shown that the adhesion values of the low γ^P polyurethanes improved substantially when the glass surfaces were coated with a thin layer of butanediol prior to the bonding. The modulus of the interphase region rich in butanediol was evaluated. Although a modulus increase was found at the interface, this increase was found to play a secondary role in the adhesion. The chemical interactions at the polyurethane/glass interphase were investigated by pre-treating the glass surfaces with methyl-trimethoxysilane and trimethylchlorosilane prior to adhesion testing. The adhesion data showed no significant difference between the uncoated and the silane-treated glass substrates. Based on this experimental evidence, the possibility of any covalent or ionic bonding at the polyurethane/glass interphase was assumed negligible. It was determined that the mechanism of adhesion between the polyurethanes and the glass surface could be through the formation of an interphase region in which hydrogen bonding between the butanediol-rich interphase region and the hydroxylated glass surface plays a key role.     

Homology modelling of annexin I: implicit solvation improves side-chain prediction and combination of evaluation criteria allows recognition of different types of conformational error

Annexin I homology models were built from the annexin V crystalstructure. Three methods for side-chain prediction were testedbased on molecular mechanics conformational search, the useof a rotamer database, or a combination of these two methods.We showed that rotamer-based methods were more efficient andthat molecular mechanics energy minimizations, prior to rotamerselection, did not afford clearly improved predictions. Modelsbuilt in vacuo and with an implicit solvation term were comparedwith the annexin I crystal structure which became availableduring the course of this study. The analysis of solvation energies,root mean square deviations, Xi angles and hydrogen bonds showedthat models built with implicit solvation were of better quality.In annexin V, repeat III displays A-B and D-E loop conformationsquite different from other repeats. Since the sequence differencessuggest that repeat III in annexin I might present a conformationsimilar to other repeats, two annexin I models with differentrepeat III conformations were built and compared to determinewhether the correct conformation could have been predicted.We show that using a combination of evaluation criteria, itis possible to discriminate unequivocally between the nativeand the incorrect fold, stressing that only one criterion shouldnot be used to evaluate protein structures.     

Radiation polymerization of acrylonitrile in a viscous system with styrene

Radiation polymerization of acrylonitrile in a viscous system with styrene was performed at ambient temperature by using γ‐rays. It is found that the overall rate of polymerization was accelerated after critical conversion due to the gel effect. As the molar fraction of styrene in monomer feed (f_St) is increased, both the total polymer conversion and molar fraction of acrylonitrile in the copolymer feed (F_AN) were decreased. The monomer reactivity ratios for acrylonitrile and styerne were determined to be r₁ (AN) = 0.25 and r₂ (St) = 2.0, respectively. The copolymers obtained were characterized by Fourier transformed infrared spectra (FTIR), X‐ray diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), ¹H‐NMR, and pyrolysis mass spectrometry (PMS). It was found that the slight addition of styrene to acrylonitrile strongly changes crystallinity, morphology, and thermal decomposition of the resulting polymer. ¹H‐NMR measurment of AN/St copolymer showed the appearance of aromatic proton signals and shifted the resonance of the methylene proton to lower chemical shifts. The mass spectra of AN/St copolymers showed fragments of pyrolysates corresponding to oligonitriles with styrene end groups. © 2002 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci 84: 268–275, 2002; DOI 10.1002/app.10324     

高分子量阴离子型聚丙烯酰胺的制备

介绍了聚丙烯酰胺的品种、性能及用途；研究了以丙烯酸为共聚单体，采用反相乳液聚合制备高分子量阴离子型聚丙烯酰胺胶乳的原理和方法；分析讨论了原料纯度、乳化剂和引发剂种类及操作条件等因素对产品性能的影响．     

离子液体催化C_5馏分中二烯烃的聚合反应

合成了多种基于1-丁基-3-甲基咪唑阳离子的离子液体,并作为裂解C5馏分中混合二烯烃聚合反应的介质。考察了离子液体种类、反应温度、反应时间和添加Lew is酸对混合二烯烃聚合反应的影响。实验结果表明,以硝酸根为阴离子的离子液体对混合二烯烃的聚合反应具有一定的阻聚作用;以六氟磷酸根为阴离子的离子液体能明显促进混合二烯烃的聚合反应,提高二聚物的含量;添加Lew is酸(质量分数为1%的ZnCl2)的离子液体对混合二烯烃的聚合反应具有更明显的促进作用,其效果仅次于酸性氯铝酸类离子液体,反应温度以30℃以下为宜,温度过高将促使二聚物进一步聚合,形成三聚物乃至多聚物,降低二聚物的含量。     

皮革加油原理及注意事项

本文从乳液出发，阐述乳液形成，稳定，破乳以及皮革加油过程。要求使用最少的油剂达到最佳的目的。