Preparation of poly(ε‐caprolactone)/poly(ε‐caprolactone‐co‐lactide) (PCL/PLCL) blend filament by melt spinning

Poly(ε‐caprolactone)/poly(ε‐caprolactone‐co‐lactide) (PCL/PLCL) blend filaments with various ratios of PCL and PLCL were prepared by melt spinning. The effect of PLCL content on the physical properties of the blended filament was investigated. The melt spinning of the blend was carried out and the as spun filament was subsequently subjected to drawing and heat setting process. The addition of PLCL caused significant changes in the mechanical properties of the filaments. Crystallinity of blend decreased with the addition of PLCL as observed by X‐ray diffraction (XRD) and differential scanning calorimetry (DSC). Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) revealed that the fracture surface becomes rougher at higher PLCL content. It may be proposed that PCL and PLCL show limited interaction within the blend matrix. © 2011 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci, 2012     

Photocurable ceramic/monomer feedstocks containing terpene crystals as sublimable porogen for UV curing-assisted 3D plotting

This study presents a novel strategy to construct ceramic structures comprised of microporous filaments using photocurable ceramic/monomer feedstocks containing terpene crystals as sublimable porogens for UV curing-assisted 3D plotting technique. The biphasic calcium phosphate (BCP) feedstock, composed of frozen terpene crystals surrounded by BCP/UDMA walls, could be favorably extruded through a fine nozzle and then effectively photopolymerized by UV light. Thus, green filaments with high shape retention could be obtained. In addition, a number of pores could be created in BCP filaments after removing terpene crystals via freeze-drying and the porosity could be tailored by adjusting terpene content in BCP feedstocks. This approach allowed for the construction of dual-scale porous structures comprising microporous filaments in a periodic pattern, with tailored overall porosities and compressive strengths. Several types of self-supporting structures were also successfully constructed using our approach.     

Fracture and mechanical properties of lightweight alumina ceramics prepared by fused filament fabrication

Fused filament fabrication (FFF), as one of the additive manufacturing technology, provides cost-effective and relatively fast preparation of 3D objects of desired dimensions and design. In this work, a composite filament containing 50 vol. % of sub-micron alumina powder was successfully used for the manufacturing of samples with prismatic design. The influence of the layer thickness (0.1–0.3 mm) on the final bulk density and mechanical properties were investigated. Sintering at 1600 °C for 1 h results in relative densities ranging from 80 to 89 % and the flexural strength reached 200–300 MPa depending on the layer thickness used for the printing.     

3D Printing technologies for drug delivery: a review

With the FDA approval of the first 3D printed tablet, Spritam®, there is now precedence set for the utilization of 3D printing for the preparation of drug delivery systems. The capabilities for dispensing low volumes with accuracy, precise spatial control and layer-by-layer assembly allow for the preparation of complex compositions and geometries. The high degree of flexibility and control with 3D printing enables the preparation of dosage forms with multiple active pharmaceutical ingredients with complex and tailored release profiles. A unique opportunity for this technology for the preparation of personalized doses to address individual patient needs. This review will highlight the 3D printing technologies being utilized for the fabrication of drug delivery systems, as well as the formulation and processing parameters for consideration. This article will also summarize the range of dosage forms that have been prepared using these technologies, specifically over the last 10 years.     

用于预警和安保系统的新型发光复合高分子纤维

新型发光、无机和有机纳米型染料主要用于聚对苯二甲酸乙二醇酯（PET）纤维的制备。PET纤维是制作用于预警和安保系统的纤维织物的原材料。具有发光性质的纳米染料的制备方法主要有两种：一种为自下而上,沉淀法合成;另一种为自上而下,通过反应型研磨得到。下述的纳米染料是硫化锌（ZnS）,同时还掺杂有铜或锰、铝酸锶,还可掺杂铕和镝。此外,还对有机染料和颜料（醛连氮和二萘嵌苯）进行研究,还将其包裹于硅纳米粒子中并进行相关研究。制得的纳米粒子混入高分子熔体中,通过熔融挤出得到成品丝。该过程中所使用的纳米颜料可混入母粒中,也可制成液状使用。最后进行成品丝变形工艺研究,并加工成纺织面料。纳米发光颜料的加入实现了低染料剂量下的高发光性。与已投入使用的传统体系相比,采用纳米发光颜料的体系具有更好的光、热和湿牢度。     

国产碳纤维拉伸性能研究

通过单丝拉伸试验方法对国产碳纤维的单丝拉伸性能进行系统测试,并采用Weibull分布函数对拉伸强度进行统计分析。结果表明,国产碳纤维的单丝拉伸性能指标与东丽T700级和台丽TC36S型碳纤维仍存在较大差距。扫描电子显微镜SEM分析说明,东丽T700级碳纤维表面光滑平整,台丽TC36S型碳纤维表面有较浅沟槽,国产碳纤维单丝表面沟槽较宽、较深,表面结构的特点可能是导致国产碳纤维拉伸强度较低的主要原因。     

熔融沉积快速成型技术中成型材料温度对工件的影响

成型产品的质量精度一直是制约熔融沉积快速成型技术发展的核心问题。本文主要从成型材料温度方面对成型试件进行深入研究,通过不同材料温度探究对试件成型后的实际翘曲变形。运用具体实验和有限元分析模拟两种分析方法,描述出不同成型材料温度对熔融沉积快速成型试件的翘曲变形影响。实验和软件模拟结果表明:成型材料温度在合理范围内变化会对试件造成一定的翘曲影响,而扫描速度、扫描方式等其他因素也会交叉影响成型试件的成型精度。     

石英玻璃飞秒激光微连接及其接头性能

飞秒激光的低热输入、极小热影响区的特点使其在微米尺度材料连接领域有明显的应用潜力。为研究飞秒激光进行玻璃连接的可行性及其接头性能,测定了其接头的拉剪强度并分析了接头断裂前后的形貌特征。证明了飞秒激光连接玻璃的可行性,并发现玻璃试样之间的间隙对飞溅有明显影响。拉剪试验测得的接头强度在6.4~40.4MPa之间。结果表明,在激光平均功率较大,焊缝间距较小的条件下,连接试样容易在母材中断裂,使得接头的强度相比于断裂在界面上的试样强度降低一半以上。     

影响线切割加工工件表面质量因素及改善措施

对在线切割加工中影响工件表面质量的机床结构、运丝机构、切割参数、工艺参数、电参数、工件材料、工作液等进行分析,并就相应的影响程度提出了相应措施和改善办法。     

Fabrication and characterization of Si3N4 whisker-reinforced SiO2 ceramic for radome materials

Fused silica ceramic has become one of the most widely used radome materials in the world since the 1970s. But its poor mechanical properties restricted its application to some extent. To improve the mechanical properties of the fused silica ceramic and keep its characteristic for radome materials, silicon nitride (Si₃N₄) whisker-reinforced fused silica ceramics were prepared by a slip-casting method in the work. The influence of Si₃N₄ whisker contents on the properties of the slurry was studied, indicating that the preferable pH values of the slurry were 4–6 and whisker contents were 10 wt.%. The flexural strength of as-prepared Si₃N_4w/SiO₂ ceramic was about 74.35 MPa, exhibiting an increase of 7.75% over that of the pure silica sample. Its dielectric constant in the range from 8 to 12 GHz and tanδ under 10 GHz were, respectively, 3.37 and .0011. It is of great interest to find that Si₃N_4w/SiO₂ has excellent oxidization resistance and its mass maintains even at 1270°C.