High temperature polymerization of propylene catalyzed by MgCl2‐supported Ziegler–Natta catalyst with various cocatalysts

Four cocatalysts, referred to as ethylaluminoxanes, were synthesized by the reaction between triethylaluminium (AIEt₃) and water under various molar ratios of H₂O/Al at ?78°C. Aluminoxanes were used as cocatalysts for a MgCl₂‐supported Ziegler–Natta catalyst for propylene polymerization at temperatures ranging from 70 to 100°C. When the polymerization was activated by AlEt₃, the activity as well as the molecular weight and isotacticity of the resulting polymer gradually dropped as the temperature varied from 70 to 100°C. When ethylaluminoxane was employed as the cocatalyst, good activity and high molecular weight and isotacticity were obtained at 100°C. Furthermore, when the cocatalyst varied from AlEt₃ to ethylaluminoxane, the atactic fraction and polymer fraction with moderate isotacticity decreased and the high isotactic fraction slightly increased, which indicated that the variation of the cocatalyst significantly affects the isospecificity of active sites. It was suggested that the reactivity of the Al‐Et group and the size of the cocatalyst were correlated to the performance of the Ziegler–Natta catalyst at different temperatures. © 2006 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci 100: 1978–1982, 2006     

Effect of Twin-Plane Reentrant Edge on the Coarsening Behavior of Barium Titanate Grains

When BaTiO₃ ceramics were sintered at relatively low temperatures (≤1250°C), the grains with reentrant edges caused by a (111) double twin grew exclusively. As a result, a microstructure with a bimodal grain-size distribution composed of platelike large grains and fine matrix grains was obtained. In contrast, at the usual sintering temperature between 1250° and 1350°C, grains containing a (111) double twin did not exhibit any growth advantage. In this case, a coarse and uniform microstructure was obtained. When this coarse-grained specimen was further heat-treated at 1365°C, the grains possessing a double twin were observed to grow exclusively again. The results were explained in terms of a coarsening process controlled by two-dimensional nucleation.     

A203型低温氨合成催化剂使用小结

对Ａ２０３型低温氨合成催化剂的使用进行总结，介绍了该催化剂的装填，升温还原情况及使用效果。     

高效防腐中温磷化液LC-1的制备及性能

制备了一种含Zn2+、Mn2+、N i2+三系离子的LC-1磷化液,通过硫酸铜点滴、氯化钠浸蚀、SEM等手段对磷化膜进行了测试,测定了磷化温度、磷化时间对膜层耐蚀性的影响。结果表明,在磷化温度大于65℃,磷化时间大于10 m in的条件下,所形成的磷化膜结晶均匀、致密、黑褐色,耐蚀性良好。LC-1三系磷化液可适用于大批量钢铁工件的磷化生产。     

P_2O_5影响Na_2O-B_2O_3-SiO_2系玻璃结构与性质的特殊性

本文通过不混溶温度的确定,分相玻璃沥滤速率的测定以及NMR定量分析,研究了P_2O_6对Na_2O-B_2O_3-SiO_2系统玻璃结构和沥滤性质的影响。结果表明,P_2O_5在很大程度上促进钠硼硅分相玻璃的沥滤并非压抑“硼反常”所致,而是由以下三种因素综合作用的结果:(1)P_2O_5促进了钠硼硅玻璃的分相,使连通富硅相骨架尺寸增大;(2)P_2O_5的加入使富硅相骨架间隙中沉积的SiO_2量减少,减小了可溶相扩散阻力;(3)P_2O_5也使可溶相的溶解速率加快。     

Bubble temperature data for phenol-alcohol systems: Phenol-I-Amyl alcohol and phenol-n-Amyl alcohol systems

In order to supplement the literature data on VLE, isobaric bubble temperature data were collected for the binary systems phenol-i-amyl alcohol and phenol-n-amyl alcohol over the entire composition range by indirect method using a standard Swietoslawski type ebulliometer. The measurements were made at three sub-atmospheric pressures. The experimental t-x data were correlated with both equation of state method and gamma-phi methods. In the former approach, the Soave equation of state is used, whereas in the latter case Wilson, NRTL and UNIQUAC equations are used.     

Dynamic response of Ti3SiC2 under shock compression up to 112 GPa

Ti₃SiC₂ is of interest due to its unique dual nature reminiscent of both brittle ceramics and ductile metals at ambient conditions. In this work, plate-impact experiments have been performed to study the dynamic behavior of Ti₃SiC₂ under shock compression up to 112 GPa by using laser velocity interferometer and electric pin techniques. Hugoniot elastic limits (HEL), spall strength, and Hugoniot equations of state have been obtained based on measured particle velocity profiles and shock wave velocities. The ratio of spall strength to HEL for Ti₃SiC₂ is larger than brittle ceramics but smaller than metals. This result indicates that the dual nature of Ti₃SiC₂ remains at least up to 10 GPa. On the other hand, the linearity of the Hugoniot equation of state, $D=6.9\text{0}1(22)+1.153(53)u_{\text{p}}$, suggests that the initial structure of Ti₃SiC₂ should be stable up to 112 GPa, in contrast to the result reported by Jordan et al. [J. Appl. Phys., 93 (2003) 9639].     

Preparation,characterization, and some physical properties of polypropylene/poly(methyl acrylate)‐grafted glass wool composites

Polypropylene/poly(methyl acrylate)‐grafted glass wool (PMA‐g‐GW) mixes were prepared. The polymerization process was carried out using potassium persulfate (PPS) and PPS/acetone sodium bisulfite (ASBS) as a redox‐pair initiation system at 60 and 70°C. The effect of using PPS or PPS/ASBS on the grafting percent and conversion percent reveals that the conversion percent values on using PPS as an initiator are higher than those of PPS/ASBS, while in the case of grafting, the inverse is true, that is, using PPS as an initiator gives grafting percent values lower than those that can be obtained using PPS/ASBS. The dielectric properties, thermal diffusivity, specific heat capacity, and thermal conductivity of PP loaded with modified glass wool as a function of different types and concentrations of initiators—used in the grafting polymerization process, namely, PPS and the redox initiating system—were also studied. © 2002 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci 87: 723–732, 2003     

CaO-SiO2系玻璃的析晶动力学研究

利用溶胶-凝胶法制得CaO-SiO2系基础玻璃,通过差热分析曲线分析质量比为CaO-SiO2玻璃的析晶能力。经分析,其析晶活化能E=457.1kJ·mol-1,而晶化生长指数是随升温速率的不同而不同,速率越大,晶化生长指数越小。