压力梯度法定位管道泄漏点的数值模拟

受管道的自然寿命和人为因素等的影响,管道泄漏事故频繁发生,及时发现管道泄漏和确定泄漏点位置对减少损失、维护管道安全运行显得十分重要。针对成品油管道泄漏,利用CFD仿真模拟软件模拟了管道压力的变化。若管道始末端的压力发生改变,则说明管道的某处已发生泄漏,此时可根据管道始末端的压力梯度变化,利用压力梯度法最终确定泄漏点的位置。     

Fabrication process of smooth functionally graded materials through a real-time inline control of the component ratio

Functionally graded materials (FGMs) play an essential role in tissue engineering because of their satisfactory histocompatibility and excellent mechanical performance. While traditional manufacturing methods allow production of simple FGMs, precise control of composition and customized property at transition between the dissimilar materials is still a challenge. Here, an extrusion-based functionally graded additive manufacturing (FGAM) platform was developed to generate smooth graded parts by thrusting out monolithic cylindrical filaments with high viscosity. Furthermore, the rheological properties, hydrodynamic behavior, and mixed homogeneity of the non-Newtonian fluids were studied. Therefore, the appropriate solid contents, alternative energy-efficient mixers, and optimized printing parameters were proved to be beneficial for an outstanding deposition effect of the suspension. Ultimately, an object with smooth gradient was successfully manufactured. The validity of this strategy was verified via optical microscopy combined with an image processing method to gauge homogeneity and a scanning electron microscope to investigate graded composition and microstructure.     

A201铝合金针孔形成机制的探讨

本研究的目的为藉由完整的试验,找出铝合金中针孔与铝合金凝固期间热参数之间的关系,进而于铸造实际处理时,可为铸造方案设计及金属凝固提供参考。A201铝合金有127℃的凝固范围,适合作为研究对象;经由有系统的改变冒口大小,及平板铸件的长度及厚度,并浇注于两种不同的砂型中,通过变化铝合金凝固时的各种热参数,例如:局部凝固时间、冷却速率、液相前进速度及热梯度等,经计算针孔量,可得出热参数与针孔量间的关系。试验结果显示,A201铝合金的针孔量减少与补充参数值G/VSt1.10增大有一定的关系。     

Thermal Shock Property of Al/Ni-ZrO_2 Gradient Thennal Barrier Coatings

THERMAL BARRIER COATINGS can holdbackintrusion of high temperature,high heat to increaseapplied temperature and life of substrate metal parts,and have been applied on heat position of rocket,satellite,aero engine and gas engine"31.But thermalstresses are produced during thermal shock due tomismatch of thermal properties between ceramiccoatings and substrate metal,therefore thermal shockproperties of coatings are very poor.Gradient thermalbarrier coatings make materials gradually chang…     

Chromium-nitride in situ composites with a compositional gradient formed by reactive DC plasma spraying

Nitrides of transition metals have good wear- and corrosion-resistant properties because of their high hardness and chemical stability. Chromium-nitride coatings can be deposited by ion plating; however, the thin thickness due to the slow deposition rate must be improved for severe wear-resistant applications. The main objective in this paper is to realize good structural control in the processing of chromiumnitride in situ composite coatings formed at a high deposition rate. They were synthesized by reactive low-pressure plasma spraying using elemental chromium powder as a spray material. The transferred arc between the gun electrode and the substrate was used to accelerate the nitriding reaction. The sprayed coatings consist of chromium, Cr₂N, and CrN, which have a composition gradient from the substrate interface to the surface. The volume fraction of Cr₂N increases with transferred arc current, and nonreacted chromium concurrently decreases, except close to the substrate. The CrN phase, however, only exists as a surface layer of 20 to 30 μm because it is decomposed to Cr₂N above 1420 K. The hardness of the composite coatings depends on the volume fraction of Cr₂N, and it increases to 1300 HV at a Cr₂N volume fraction of 0.98. The seizure stress with lubricant depends on the coating hardness. The maximum seizure stress of 24.9 MPa is obtained at a hardness of 1300 HV. The composite coatings also show a superior wear resistance. Hence, the Cr₂N in situ composite coatings synthesized by reactive plasma spraying with transferred arc are expected to be good candidates for wear-resistant applications.     

渗碳浓度梯度的简洁实时仿真

化学热处理的渗层浓度梯度仿真是计算机在扩散问题上的成功应用。能在工业现场的微控制器测控系统中实现渗层浓度梯度的实时仿真更具有实际意义。本文介绍的在MCS-51微控制器渗碳控制系统进行的仿真,采用动态调节的“显式”格式计算,点阵液晶屏曲线显示。软件的简要化、智能化和硬件的精密化,使之早现出相对空用、方便与简洁的特征。     

铝合金连续铸造过程CET位置判据的研究

柱状晶向等轴晶转变(CET)是在一定的凝固过程中必须控制的一种显微组织转变.本文针对铝合金连铸坯凝固过程中柱状晶向等轴晶的转变,综合运用了正交试验研究、数值模拟计算、数学拟合等方法,分析了连铸过程主要工艺因素拉坯速度、一冷水量、二冷水量和浇注温度对连铸坯凝固过程中柱状晶向等轴晶转变位置的影响,提出了柱状晶向等轴晶转变的转变位置判据,即当连铸坯某一位置处的固相率等于0.3时,温度梯度G与冷却速度R满足函数关系G0.8072/R=0.469时,在该位置处将发生柱状晶向等轴晶的转变.     

具有梯度结构的涂层硬质合金刀片

研究了Co和Ti(CN)含量对梯度硬质合金的力学性能、梯度结构的影响.测试了梯度硬质合金刀片的切削性能.结果表明:随着合金钴含量的增多,合金梯度层厚度增厚,梯度结构越明显;合金的强度提高,磁饱和提高,磁力、硬度和密度减小.随着合金Ti(CN)含量的增多,合金梯度层厚度有变薄的趋势;随合金的硬度提高,合金的强度和密度减小.切削试验表明:具有梯度结构涂层硬质合金刀片的切削性能比无梯度结构涂层硬质合金刀片的切削性能优良.达到同一磨损高度hB=0.15 mm时,前者的切削寿命较后者提高了近一倍.同时随着合金钴含量的增多,硬质合金刀片的切削性能提高.     

IN SITU GRADIENT DOUBLE-LAYER COMPOSITES OF Al-Fe ALLOY BY CENTRIFUGAL CASTING

ＩＮＳＩＴＵＧＲＡＤＩＥＮＴＤＯＵＢＬＥＬＡＹＥＲＣＯＭＰＯＳＩＴＥＳＯＦＡｌＦｅＡＬＬＯＹＢＹＣＥＮＴＲＩＦＵＧＡＬＣＡＳＴＩＮＧ①ＷａｎｇＱｕｄｏｎｇ，ＪｉｎＪｕｎｚｅＲｅｓｅａｒｃｈＣｅｎｔｅｒｏｆＦｏｕｎｄｒｙＥｎｇｉｎｅｒｉｎｇ，Ｄａｌ...     

表面脱β层梯度结构硬质合金研究进展

随着涂层技术在硬质合金领域的日益广泛应用,制备可防止涂层裂纹向基体扩展的具有表面脱立方相碳化物(即β相)的梯度结构的硬质合金基体成为需要。文中概述了此类结构合金的形成机理、影响因素以及发展现状和方向等。