烧结助剂对自增韧Si3N4陶瓷显微结构和性能的影响

研究了烧结助剂质量分数及比例对热压自增韧Si3N4 陶瓷显微结构和力学性能的影响。结果表明 :材料室温抗弯强度和断裂韧性均在烧结助剂的质量分数为 15 %时达到峰值 ,其中 5 %Y2 O3 10 %La2 O3 85 %Si3N4 体系的抗弯强度达 911.3MPa,断裂韧性达10 .0 2MPa·m1 /2 。同时 ,分析了材料显微结构与力学性能的关系 ,发现自增韧Si3N4 陶瓷中 β-Si3N4 柱状晶直径的双峰分布特征对材料力学性能的提高起着很重要的作用     

Effect of Grain Boundaries on Thermal Conductivity of Silicon Carbide Ceramic at 5 to 1300 K

The thermal conductivity of a SiC ceramic was measured as 270 W·m⁻¹·K⁻¹ at room temperature. At low temperatures ( T < 25 K), the decrease in the conductivity was proportional to T ³ on a logarithmic scale, which indicated that the conductivity was controlled by boundaries. The calculated phonon mean free path in the ceramic increased with decreased temperature, but was limited to ∼4 μm, a length almost equal to the grain size, at temperatures below 30 K. We concluded that the thermal conductivity of the ceramic below 30 K was influenced significantly by grain boundaries and grain junctions.     

粮情智能测控系统中的数据融合技术研究

粮情智能测控系统是保证粮食储藏安全的关键措施之一。针对目前粮情智能测控系统中单一传感器存在测量不足、粮情安全状态难以判断且无法直接检测等问题,研究了一种基于粒子群优化最小二乘支持向量机的粮情安全状态数据融合方法。以粮情数据为研究对象,以粮情安全状态检测为目的,构建基于最小二乘支持向量机的数据融合模型,并采用粒子群优化算法对最小二乘支持向量机的关键参数进行寻优,获取最佳的数据融合结果。根据广西某粮库提供的数据进行实例分析,数据融合结果与实际值误差较小,均方误差为0.06,结果表明,该方法在粮情安全状态的检测上表现出优越的性能,具有科学性和可行性,提高了粮情智能测控系统的准确性和可靠性。     

正交法在PTA生产中粒径控制上的应用

介绍了正交试验法在PTA生产中粒径控制上的应用。对第一、二结晶器采用L9( 34)正交表进行试验 ,选出最优操作方案为第一结晶器液位为 2 6 %、压力为 3 6 0 0kPa ,第二结晶器液位为 45 .5 % ,压力为 2 40 0kPa ,结果是 :平均粒径从原来的 ( 118± 10 ) μm控制到 ( 118± 8) μm左右 ,粒径小于 45 μm的从原来的 2 0 %下降到 15 %左右 ,粒径 2 5 0 μm以下的由 93 %上升到95 %左右     

一次低烧SrTiO3基晶界层电容器的研究

研究了以Ｌｉ２ＣＯ３为助烧结剂、Ｓｒ（Ｌｉ１／４Ｎｂ３／４）Ｏ３为施主掺杂剂、Ｂｉ２Ｏ３和ＳｉＯ２为晶界绝缘剂的ＳｒＴｉＯ３基晶界层电容器的一次低温烧成技术。初步探索了Ｔｉ／Ｓｒ比值、施主掺杂剂、绝缘剂对显微结构及介电性能的影响。在１１５０℃烧成温度下，获得了εａｐｐ〉３．５×１０＾４；ｐ〉１．０×１０＾１１Ω·ｃｍ；ｔｇδ〈１．０％；ΔＣ／Ｃ〈±５．０％（－２５￣＋８５℃）的ＳｒＴｉＯ３基晶界层     

Effect of Twin-Plane Reentrant Edge on the Coarsening Behavior of Barium Titanate Grains

When BaTiO₃ ceramics were sintered at relatively low temperatures (≤1250°C), the grains with reentrant edges caused by a (111) double twin grew exclusively. As a result, a microstructure with a bimodal grain-size distribution composed of platelike large grains and fine matrix grains was obtained. In contrast, at the usual sintering temperature between 1250° and 1350°C, grains containing a (111) double twin did not exhibit any growth advantage. In this case, a coarse and uniform microstructure was obtained. When this coarse-grained specimen was further heat-treated at 1365°C, the grains possessing a double twin were observed to grow exclusively again. The results were explained in terms of a coarsening process controlled by two-dimensional nucleation.     

High-Resolution Electron Microscopy Observations of Stacking Faults in β-SiC

Structural images of the stacking faults in β-SiC were obtained with a high-resolution electron microscope. Stacking faults initially present in β-SiC powder particles were eliminated as grain growth proceeded at elevated temperatures.     

纳米复相陶瓷材料的烧结技术

纳米复相陶瓷的烧结与普通陶瓷的烧结不同，在纳米复相陶瓷的烧结过程中需要采取相应的措施尽可能地控制晶粒的长大。目前，国内外研究者主要是通过改进传统烧结技术或采用新型烧结技术烧结制备纳米复相陶瓷。文章综述了目前国内外用的比较多的几种制备纳米复相陶瓷的烧结技术，并对其特点和应用情况进行了总结。     

堆场疏浚泥颗粒分选特性初步量化方法

为了准确评估堆场存储能力和合理选择疏浚泥处理工艺,以泥沙运动学为理论基础,将疏浚泥颗粒分为d0.005 mm、0.005 mm≤d≤0.01 mm和d0.01 mm 3个粒组,分析了各粒组相对含量的沿程变化规律,明确了堆场疏浚泥分选的主要原因是d0.01 mm粒组与0.005 mm≤d≤0.01 mm粒组的相对运动;以分选系数量化堆场疏浚泥分选的显著程度,以偏离系数量化原泥颗粒组成对堆场疏浚泥分选的影响,分析了分选系数、偏离系数分布与堆场疏浚泥土性分布的关系,提出了堆场疏浚泥分选特性的初步量化方法。研究结果表明:随着离吹填口距离的增大,分选系数沿程减小,呈幂函数分布,堆场疏浚泥分选性沿程减弱,吹填口附近分选系数最大,颗粒分选显著,粒度差异大,退水口附近分选系数趋近于零,分选不明显,颗粒分布均匀;偏离系数沿程先减小后增大,呈勺形分布,反映堆场前、后段疏浚泥土性与原泥相差较大,而堆场中段疏浚泥土性与原泥接近;分选系数、偏离系数的沿程分布与堆场疏浚泥土性分区具有良好的相关性。