高压下石墨到金刚石转变等温线理论计算

本文用统一的排列模型研究石墨及金刚石在高压下的状态方程。假定能量项可以简单相加，冷能形式取为修正的Ｂｉｒｃｈ方程，晶格振动部分用爱因斯坦模型进行计算，电子的热贡献采用低温电子比热和能量形式。利用上述模型我们计算了石墨相变到金刚石以及金刚石溶解的等温线。     

改性UHMWPE塑料的摩擦磨损性能研究

分别研究MoS2、PTFE和石墨对UHMWPE耐摩擦性能的影响。结果表明:在载荷200 N,转速400 r/min的试验条件下,UHMWPE/石墨、UHMWPE、UHMWPE/MoS2和UHMWPE/PTFE的平均摩擦系数分别为0.27,0.30,0.35和0.39。掺杂石墨(质量分数9%)降低了UHMWPE的摩擦系数,在试验过程中减少了由于摩擦而产生的热量,从而提高了UHMWPE/石墨复合材料的耐磨性能。     

超临界乙醇制备TiO_2/石墨烯纳米复合材料及其表征

以氧化石墨为载体、钛酸异丙酯为前驱体,利用超临界乙醇的超临界性能和还原性,制得了晶型完善的锐钛矿TiO2/石墨烯纳米复合材料。通过红外光谱(FTIR)、X射线光电子能谱(XPS)对采用Hummers法制得的氧化石墨(GO)进行表征;同时利用透射电子显微镜(TEM)、X射线衍射仪(XRD)对TiO2/石墨烯纳米复合材料进行研究。结果表明:成功制得了氧化石墨(GO)和晶型完善的锐钛矿TiO2/石墨烯纳米复合材料,并且发现二氧化钛在石墨烯纳米片层上呈现为有规则的颗粒,分散均匀,平均粒径为8.24nm。     

Mechanism of Fume Suppression and Performance on Asphalt of Expanded Graphite for Pavement under High Temperature Condition

Fume suppression mechanisms and the effect of expanded graphite on the performance of asphalt were studied by applying infrared spectroscopy(FT-IR), X-ray diffraction(XRD), scanning electron microscopy(SEM) and comprehensive thermal analysis(TG, DSC). The experimental results confirm that asphalt which is mixed with expandable graphite will expand in the process of hot mix, and the expanded graphite layer will swell by the light component in the asphalt. The light component in the asphalt and PAHs adsorption on expanded graphite surface or part of the plug in the expanded graphite layer between plates made nucleation crystallization growth. And the Van der Waals force and the bonding of the lattice can effectively restrain the asphalt fume release. Meanwhile, the expanding agent with oxidative can spread into the asphalt, leading to asphalt oxygenated and plastic abate, while the ductility decreases. Expanded graphite, SBS modifier and environment- friendly plasticizers are used to composite modified asphalt. According to asphalt fume release experiment, normal test of asphalt performance, Brookfield viscosity test, RTFOT test and asphalt mixture tests(high temperature stability, low temperature stability, water stability), it has been proven that the modified asphalt's performance is better than that of matrix asphalt and equivalent to that of SBS modified asphalt. Furthermore, it has good fume suppression effect.     

Preparation of highly conductive reduced graphite oxide/poly(styrene-co-butyl acrylate) composites via miniemulsion polymerization

Polymer/reduced graphite oxide (rGO) composite nanoparticles with a high electrical conductivity were synthesized using the miniemulsion polymerization technique. The rGO was modified with a reactive surfactant, 2-acrylamido-2-methyl-1-propanesulfonic acid (AMPS), to facilitate monomer intercalation into the rGO nanogalleries. The AMPS-modified rGO was emulsified in the presence of styrene (St) and butyl acrylate (BA) monomers, and the stable miniemulsion was polymerized to form poly(St-co-BA)/rGO composite latex nanoparticles. The transition in the composite nanoparticles from an electrical insulator to an electrical conductor occurred at an rGO content of 10 wt% (relative to the monolayer content), yielding an electrical conductivity of 0.49 S/cm. The electrical conductivity of the composite nanoparticles reached 2.22 S/cm at 20 wt% rGO, yielding a much better conductivity than other polymer composites prepared using a GO filler. Importantly, the miniemulsion polymerization method for fabricating poly(St-co-BA)/rGO composite nanoparticles is easy, green, low-cost, and scalable, providing a universal route to the rational design and engineering of highly conductive polymer composites.     

聚苯胺/纳米石墨复合材料的原位制备与导电性能研究

采用原位聚合法制备了聚苯胺/纳米石墨微片（PANI/NanoG）导电复合材料。结果表明,NanoG的直径约为1~20 μm,厚度为30~90 nm,径厚比为300~500;PANI均匀覆盖在NanoG表面;当NanoG体积含量为2.30 %时,复合材料电导率达到5.16 S/cm,其渗滤阈值达到2.30 %,NanoG的高比表面积及在PANI中的分散造就了复合材料良好的导电性能。     

导电复合材料的研究

以铝粉，乙炔炭黑，石墨等导电填料，不饱和聚酯树脂为基休一项玻璃纤维布为增强材料制成复合型导电复合。研究了导电填料不同种类，添加量对复合材料性能的影响。     

Raman spectra of virgin and damaged graphite edge planes

First-order Raman spectra of virgin and ion irradiated highly oriented pyrolytic graphite were performed along the basal and edge planes. Ion irradiation was performed in the low fluence regime (≈ 10¹²–10¹³ ions cm⁻²) using a 400 keV Ar⁺ beam in order to a introduce controlled amount of defects in the structure. Virgin edge Raman spectra reveal the presence of a 1351 cm⁻¹ structure (D^*) shifted 10 cm⁻¹ away from the disorder induced D-line found upon irradiating or grinding the graphite surface.The 1351 cm⁻¹ D^* structure is then considered as the feature coming from the rupture of the D_6h⁴ space group symmetry. A comparison between D^* and the classical 1360 cm⁻¹ D-line is discussed in terms of induced disorder.     

NiO-MWCNT修饰热解石墨电极的电化学行为研究

采用滴涂法将适量碳纳米管修饰到热解石墨电极上,后电沉积纳米氧化镍得到MWCNT/NiO/PG复合修饰电极。研究了它的电化学行为,并用于抗坏血酸的测定。试验表明,在pH=6的磷酸盐缓冲溶液中,抗坏血酸在修饰电极上产生一灵敏的氧化峰。当抗坏血酸的浓度在1.0×10-5～5.0×10-4 mol/L时,氧化峰电流与浓度呈线性关系,线性方程为:I(uA)=-0.4458-0.5922C(mmol/L),相关系数为R=-0.9989。检出限低至5.5×10-7 mol/L。该传感器重现性、稳定性、抗干扰性良好。     

整形和表面改性对人造石墨负极材料性能的影响

在对不同来源人造石墨原料进行理化性能分析的基础上,按照相同的工艺条件制成负极材料,比较了原料来源不同的人造石墨用作锂离子电池负极材料的性能。再以同一来源人造石墨为原料,采用不同设备、不同工艺、不同含量沥青进行整形、炭包覆及表面氧化改性处理,探讨了不同工艺处理对所制备的人造石墨负极材料的粒度分布、振实密度、比表面积和电化学性能的影响。结果表明,整形工艺与设备、炭包覆和表面氧化改性处理对提高负极材料的性能具有重要的作用。