染发剂的安全性及监管对策

分别对持久性或氧化型染发剂、半持久性染发剂和暂时性染发剂的毒性进行了分析,包括致敏性、致癌性及重金属物质的毒性;讨论了影响染发剂的安全性的其他因素,如染发剂的生产及使用时的防护措施;重点对染发剂的安全监管进行了分析,涉及我国及欧盟对染发剂监管的措施,并针对我国在染发剂监管方面存在的问题,提出了相关对策,如完善化妆品卫生规范,增加禁用物质种类,对限用物质的限量要求更加严格或进行调整,提升染发剂安全性检测的技术水平,加强对染发剂标签警示用语的管理,对使用者提出健康忠告,在使用染发剂时,要采取相应的防护措施等。     

一种活性染发剂的制备与应用

以酸性黄73、环氧氯丙烷、硫氢化钠为原料,采用两步法合成活性染料,考察了反应时间、反应温度、原料摩尔比对第1步反应产物收率的影响,得到的较佳反应条件为:n(环氧氯丙烷)∶n(酸性黄73)=20∶1,80℃下反应4 h,在此条件下第1步反应产物的收率为65%。再用硫氢化钠对第1步反应产物进行改性,得到巯基改性的酸性黄73。用红外光谱和液质联用对2步反应产物进行结构表征,并将巯基改性的酸性黄73用于染发剂中考察其染发效果。结果表明,目标产物可以与头发结合,且水洗牢度良好。     

鼬类毛发形态特征 可纺性及其比较

基于扫描电镜观察了猪獾、黄鼬和鸡鼬三种鼬科动物针毛发的纵向外观及鳞片特征和横截面形态及皮质与髓腔特征,得到鼬类毛发纤维的横截面多为圆形或椭圆形,有明显的髓腔结构;鳞片特征多样,有指状结构、芽状结构、波纹状和花瓣状结构。该形态结构特征是鼬类毛发纤维特殊光泽和良好保暖性质的基础,是纤维仿生的依据。     

Research on mordanting process for black human hair北大核心

In the bleaching process of black human hair, the using of ferrous ion to complex of melanin, then achieves the catalytic decomposition of hydrogen peroxide is the important link to realize human hair's bleaching. This paper analyzed and studied the effect of the dosage of catalyst and complexing agent, temperature and time in the process of catalyst on the bleaching hair's whiteness and strength. The results showed that the best condition of complexing catalytic process was : bath ratio 1 : 10, oxalate 25 g/L, FeSO4 14g/L, NaCl 30 g/L, heat preservation temperature 90 °C , holding time 180 min. Under this condition, the whiteness of hair can reach 31.5, the breaking strength can reach 110cN, which can well satisfy the enterprises to bleaching process of practical production requirements.     

全球护发产品市场进展

对全球护发品市场进行了分析。全球护发品市场经受住了全球经济危机的考验,开始出现转机,市场更加细化。技术创新将有利于经济回暖,有利于满足消费者的需求。同时天然护发产品的销售将有所增加。     

Physiological background to skin ageing

Ageing and ultimate death, when survival offers no reproductive advantages to the species, are essential to the evolutionary process. Yet the prolongation of youth has always been a human dream. The prevention of ageing in visible areas of skin is desirable not for physiological but for social reasons; the skin proclaims our sexuality and asserts our social image. Has the aspiration any hope of success? Ageing of the skin involves changes in the dermis, epidermis, pigment cells, hair follicles, sebaceous and sweat glands, and sense organs. Some of these changes appear intrinsic to the organs concerned; some are dependent on hormonal and other systemic mechanisms; some involve environmental factors such as radiation. If changes of the first type appear to be inevitable, those of the second may be modifiable, and those of the third may, to some extent, be preventable. L'histoire physiologique du vieillissement de la peau     

Objective emotional assessment of tactile hair properties and their modulation by different product worlds

Tactile properties of cosmetic products constitute weak stimuli and thus can be expected to be easily modified by mental images. In order to enhance an intended positive-emotion-inducing effect of such a product, its experience can be embedded in a certain 'world' that generates a positive emotional imagination. The present study investigated such an influence in 12 males and 12 females, half of each being laymen and experts in sensory assessment. Two product worlds (emotional and technical) and three different hair samples, two of them treated with different shampoos and an untreated one as control, were presented to each subject in counter-balanced order of all six combinations. An objective emotional assessment using a psychophysiological technique developed in an earlier study was applied and compared with a traditional sensory assessment. Among the physiological measures, peripheral blood volume and facial muscular activity were the most sensitive in revealing effects of and interactions between the product worlds and hair samples. A multivariate evaluation of the physiological data revealed three discriminant functions that explained 78.4% of the total variance and enabled a re-classification considerably better than chance. The first discriminant function clearly separated the treated from the untreated hair samples which was not possible by subjective ratings or traditional sensory assessment. The two other discriminant functions comprised a hedonistic and a product world factor. The emotional product world exerted the largest influence in case of the weakest tactile differences between the hair samples, and its influence was larger on laymen than on experts. Gender effects were most prominent in the subjective domain. In conclusion, multivariate psychophysiological methodology is superior to traditional sensory assessment in revealing subtle differences in the tactile perception of cosmetic products.     

Internal medulla of hair revealed by scanning electron microscopy

The standard scanning electron microscope method for examining surface structure using the secondary electron mode has unexpectedly revealed the internal ladder-type medulla of some animal hairs.     

人发中微量元素的中子活化分析

本文介绍采用长短照射相结合的仪器中子活化分析法,测定了克山病病区、非病区的男性儿童头发中多种微量元素含量。比较了国内常用的及IAEA推荐的清洗方法对头发中微量元素测定的影响。用NBS标准参考物核对了实验中使用的部份标准,结果满意。本工作共分析了48例头发样品中27种元素含量,初步获得了某些元素在三个地区人发中分布的规律。